: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy is a rare disorder characterized by scant adipose tissue, profound leptin deficiency, and severe insulin resistance, resulting in multiple metabolic derangements, including hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and impaired fecundity. : A young woman with congenital generalized lipodystrophy receiving leptin therapy experienced menarche, conceived spontaneously, and delivered a liveborn ...

Systemic infections, such as toxoplasmosis, acquired during pregnancy can lead to placental infection and have profound effects on the mother-to-child relationship and the success of pregnancy. Placental permeability to Toxoplasma gondii is a main parameter that determines parasite transmission to the foetus, and the use of antibiotics to decrease placental ...

INTRODUCTION: Hydrocephalus does not indicate a single clinical entity, but includes a variety of clinicopathological conditions caused by excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) based on the disturbed circulation. Recent progress in prenatal neuroimagings such as MRI and ultrasound echoencephalography on fetus enables to understand clinicopathological conditions of CSF circulation disorder in ...

Increasing numbers of women in resource-rich settings are prescribed zidovudine (ZDV)-sparing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in pregnancy. We compare ZDV-sparing with ZDV-containing HAART in relation to maternal viral load at delivery, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, and congenital abnormality. This is an analysis of data from the National Study ...

Epidemiological research has demonstrated that suicidal ideation is a relatively frequent complication of pregnancy in both developed and developing countries. Hence, the aims of this study are: to assess whether or not pregnancy may be considered a period highly susceptible to suicidal acts; to recognize potential contributing factors to suicidal ...

Preterm premature rupture of the membranes remains difficult to predict accurately. The majority of those suffering preterm premature rupture of the membrane lack risk factors that might lead to preventative treatments. Its management is centered on an evaluation of the risks and benefits of attempted pregnancy prolongation compared with expeditious ...

Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is more prevalent in twin gestations and is major contributor to preterm birth. The management of PPROM in twin pregnancies does not differ significantly from that of singletons. In general, antenatal steroids, latency antibiotics, magnesium sulpfate for neuroprotection, and tocolysis are all potential interventions ...

Objective. The aim of this study was the analysis of the umbilical cord serum sP-selectin levels in pregnancies complicated by severe preeclampsia with and without intrauterine growth restriction and in normotensive pregnancies. Patients and methods.  The study was carried out on 18 patients with singleton pregnancies complicated by severe preeclampsia with ...

Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) occurs in 38% of women with cerclage in place. Controversy exists on what to do with the cerclage in this clinical scenario. The objective was to review the literature addressing retention versus removal of cerclage after PPROM and present management recommendations. Retention of cerclage ...

It now recognized that the use of folate fortification and/or supplementation before initiation of pregnancy can impact the risk of the fetus developing a neural tube defect. This document serves to update the policy statement issued by the American College of Medical Genetics and published in 2005.

Background/Objectives:The potential immune functions related to the damages induced by oxygen-free radicals suggest that antioxidants may have a role in the development of allergies. The objective was to investigate the association between maternal intake of antioxidants during pregnancy and the risk of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in 5-year-old children.Subjects/Methods:This study ...

Objectives. To study the perinatal outcome among monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies with absent or reversed end-diastolic flow of the umbilical artery (UA-AREDF) at 16-20 weeks of gestation. Methods. This was a retrospective study of 84 MCDA twin pregnancies, which were followed up since first trimester in a single obstetric unit. Pregnancies ...

Aims: To explore the relation between employment status, type of unemployment and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: A cohort study of 7,282 pregnancies of unemployed women and 56,014 pregnancies among women in paid jobs was performed within the Danish National Birth Cohort. Pregnancy outcomes were ascertained and information about lifestyle, occupational, medical, ...

The incidence of metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis is approximately 5%. Resistance during pregnancy has not been reported. Untreated trichomoniasis in pregnancy can cause preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, and low birth weight. We report a case of metronidazole-resistant trichomoniasis in pregnancy, successfully treated with a high dose of tinidazole.

From 2002 to 2007, 101 camelid abortions and stillbirths were submitted to the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory at Oregon State University (84 alpacas [Vicugna pacos], 13 llamas [Lama glama], 4 unknown). For most cases (n = 67), a cause was not determined by routine testing. Eighty-five submissions included placenta for microscopic ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure the differences in oxygenation between the left and right side of the fetal liver during varying oxygenation levels. METHODS: Eight ewes carrying singleton fetuses at gestation 125 days (term 145 days) were included in the study. During anesthesia the ewes were ...

OBJECTIVE: To report on the surgical management of a cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSEP) by transvaginal hysterotomy. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): A 29-year-old woman, with previous cesarean delivery, presenting with vaginal bleeding, was transfered to our hospital at 5 weeks 4 days of gestation. Transvaginal ultrasonography confirmed ...

Abstract Objectives. Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy may be a significant risk factor for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) independently of family history of ADHD. The main aim of this study was to examine whether the clinical profile of ADHD differs between children with and without exposure to maternal smoking during ...

Disease activity 6 months before pregnancy of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes is not well studied. The aim of the study was to identify predictors of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant SLE patients, based on patients' background characteristics, clinical and ...

Background: Pregnancy represents a semiallograft, subject to similar immune responses as allogeneic organ transplants. Tolerance of pregnancy appears best with maximal class II HLA heterogeneity between mother and father, while compatibilities are associated with increased pregnancy loss and maternal autoimmunity. Tolerance abnormalities often involve skin reactions. Abnormalities in tolerance of ...

Objective. Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication causing both fetal and maternal distress. Proteinuria is a diagnostic criterion frequently determined by albuminuria. We determined the protein excretion pattern of alternative proteins IgG, transferrin, α1-microglobulin and β2-microglobulin in urines collected prospectively during preeclamptic and healthy pregnancies. Design. A prospective cohort study ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case report of diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis who had successful pregnancy twice following conservative management. DESIGN: Retrospective report. SETTING: Private general hospital. PATIENT(S): A nulliparous woman 25 years of age presented with menorrhagia and infertility. She had innumerable small fibroids of 4-42 mm size throughout the myometrium. ...

SummarySomatic cell nuclear-transferred (SCNT) oocytes have a high potential for development in vitro, but a large proportion of embryos that are transferred to recipients is aborted before parturition. The precise mechanism for the high abortion rate is unknown, but abnormal placenta formation is frequently observed in SCNT-cloned pregnancies. The present ...

There has been a thrilling development and profound changes in our understanding of the effect of fetal nutrition on the development and health of the child. The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) is an ongoing nationwide population-based pregnancy cohort study that between 1999 and 2008 recruited 90,723 women ...

To cite this article: Miyake Y, Okubo H, Sasaki S, Tanaka K, Hirota Y. Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and risk of wheeze and eczema in Japanese infants aged 16-24 months: The Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2011: Doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2011.01176.x. ABSTRACT: Background:  Maternal diet during pregnancy might ...

The interplay between both heredity and environmental factors seems to affect every stage of development from conception to the early postnatal period with potential long-term effects on child and adult health. During pregnancy, immune and metabolic functions of the fetus are dependent on the mother; moreover, the refinement of these ...

The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity in both well and under-resourced settings. Maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications of the HDP are concentrated among, but not limited to, women with pre-eclampsia Pre-eclampsia is a systemic disorder of endothelial cell dysfunction and as ...

The placenta is positioned between the maternal and fetal circulation and hence plays a key role in transporting maternal nutrients to the developing fetus. Fetal growth changes in the 2 most frequent pregnancy pathologies, gestational diabetes mellitus and fetal growth restriction, are predominantly characterized by an exaggerated and restricted fat ...

A case of primary ovarian twin pregnancy is presented. A 30-year-old woman, gravida 3 para 2, was admitted to Medical College Hospital, Jabalpur, for postdated pregnancy with intrauterine fetal demise. Ultrasonography showed a break in the continuity of the uterus suggestive of a ruptured uterus. On laparotomy, twin ovarian pregnancy ...

Aims:  The purpose of this study was to define the most suitable cut-off point for fetal nuchal translucency thickness in a screening program for aneuploidy and trisomy 21 in the south of Vietnam. Material & Methods:  Two thousand and five hundred cases of singleton pregnancies were followed prospectively from the ...

PATIENTS AND METHODS: In order to investigate the effects of exposure to buprenorphine compared with methadone during pregnancy, a prospective multicenter study was conducted in collaboration with maternity hospitals, maintenance therapy centers, and general practitioners involved in addiction care. Ninety pregnant women exposed to buprenorphine and 45 to metadone were ...

Perinatal depression is a prevalent and detrimental condition. Determining modifiable factors associated with it would identify opportunities for prevention. This paper: 1) identifies depressive symptom trajectories and heterogeneity in those trajectories during pregnancy through the first-year postpartum, and 2) examines the association between unintended pregnancy and depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms ...

Background. Preterm delivery remains a substantial health care problem complicating 5-10% of pregnancies and is the major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the developed world. No effective methods to prevent preterm delivery have been identified to date. Objectiv. To review systematically the evidence from randomized controlled trials with ...

The developing fetus is protected from external environmental influences by maternal tissues. However, these structures have a limited elasticity, such that the fetus must grow in a confined space, constraining its size at the end of pregnancy. Can these constraints modify the morphology of the fetal skeleton? The intensity of ...

Aim:  To report pregnancy outcome following prophylactic transvaginal cervicoisthmic cerclage using a polypropylene sling in a population of high-risk pregnant women. Materials and Methods:  A retrospective study with a continuous series of 57 women presenting with prior failure of McDonald cerclage (n = 47) and/or absent portio-vaginalis of the cervix (n = 10). Results:  ...

Background: A serious complication of heparin treatment, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is rarely observed in pregnant women. Drug therapy during pregnancy should always be chosen to minimize fetal risk. The management of HIT in pregnancy represents a medical challenge. Unlike heparins, the anticoagulants used in patients with HIT do cross the ...

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-associated liver disease of unknown etiology. The aim of this study was to investigate the change in maternal and fetal adrenal function in clinical and experimental ICP.<br /> Material/Methods: The maternal and fetal serum levels of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were ...

The purpose of this study is to determine fetal dose during four different stages of pregnancy for both pulmonary CT angiogram and abdominal and pelvic CT examination on 4-, 16-, and 64-MDCT scanners measured in an anthropomorphic phantom simulating a pregnant patient. Pulmonary angiograms and abdominal and pelvic studies were ...

To characterize therapies prescribed during pregnancy to women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We conducted a cohort study of women with RA with pregnancies using health care utilization data from 2002-2008. We examined the distribution of RA drugs by therapeutic classes, including nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)/coxibs, glucocorticoids, nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs ...

Placental dysfunction leading to fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an important risk factor for neurodevelopmental delay. Recent observations clarify that FGR evolves prenatally from a preclinical phase of abnormal nutrient and endocrine milieu to a clinical phase that differs in characteristics in preterm and term pregnancies. Relating childhood neurodevelopment to ...

Lee B-E, Ha M, Park H, Kim Y, Hong Y-C, Kim YJ, Ha E-H. Psychosocial work stress during pregnancy and birthweight. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2011; 25: 246-254. Although there is a growing interest in the health effects of psychosocial work stress, studies on the relationships between job stress and ...

To define the incidence and outcome of intrauterine pregnancy of uncertain viability (PUV) and to develop and assess the performance of a model and a scoring system to predict ongoing viability. Of 1881 consecutive women undergoing transvaginal ultrasonography, a cohort of 493 women with an empty gestational sac < 20 ...

Summary Estimates of maternal mortality are crucial to inform the planning of reproductive health programmes and guide advocacy. The aim of this study was to obtain a population-based estimate of maternal mortality in Lagos State, Nigeria. The sisterhood method was used in 2008 to carry out the survey using a ...

Objective. To document the ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) during pregnancy compared to three months after delivery in singleton and twin pregnancies. Design. Descriptive study with a follow-up design. Setting. University hospital in Eastern Finland. Population. 43 childbearing women; 32 with singleton and 11 with twin pregnancies. Methods. Ambulatory blood ...

Abstract. To determine the role of pregnancy on Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia, a matched cohort study was carried out in a rural Bolivian community comparing parasite rates in gravidae, puerperae, and non-pregnant infected women. A selection of 67 chronically infected women, who delivered between March 2004 and May 2005, were initially ...

Pelvic organ prolapse is common in rural women in Nepal. Pregnancy in a woman with pelvic organ prolapse is uncommon and rarely continues beyond the second trimester. If it proceeds after that, the uterus usually ascends with progression of pregnancy and becomes abdominal, leaving little trace of prolapse. Pregnancy continuing ...

The authors designed this study in order to understand changes in sexual behavior during pregnancy. The sample comprised 26 healthy women who were in at least their 37th week of pregnancy. The authors collected data through in-depth individual interviews. Participants reported the following most common reasons for ceasing sexual intercourse ...

Pregnancy in a rudimentary uterine horn is a rare and potentially lethal condition. The highest risk of rupture is reported to be during the late first and second trimester. The risk of rupture correlates with the thickness of the myometrium surrounding the fetal pole. In 2005, a 20-year-old woman was ...

We report a rare case of ovarian function recovery and pregnancy after hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) in the acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patient in third complete remission received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with busulphan-based conditioning regimen. Successful engraftment of the donor cells and full donor's chimerism was achieved without the ...

Objectives- The purpose of this study was to correlate 2-dimensional magnetic resonance (MR) measurements of lateral ventricular width and 3-dimensional measurements of lateral ventricular and supratentorial parenchymal volumes to postnatal outcomes in fetuses with ventriculomegaly. Methods- A total of 307 fetuses (mean gestational age, 26.0 weeks; range, 15.7-39.4 weeks) had ...