Objectives To present a rare case of tubal ectopic pregnancy in a woman using Implanon® after a previous contralateral ectopic pregnancy that had occurred without contraceptive use. Case A 26-year-old woman presented with an ectopic pregnancy conceived whilst having an etonogestrel implant (Implanon®) in situ. A laparoscopic salpingectomy was performed and the ...

Background There is a paucity of data on fertility or pregnancy in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Objective To assess fertility in PSC by comparing the number of children in a large cohort of PSC patients to healthy controls and to investigate the outcome of pregnancy, as well as ...

Introduction: To examine the prevalence and outcome of absent ductus venosus (DV) diagnosed at 11-13 weeks' gestation. Method: Prospective screening study for aneuploidies in 65,840 singleton pregnancies, including measurement of nuchal translucency (NT) thickness and examination of the DV. Prenatal findings and outcome of fetuses with absent DV were examined. ...

Objective: To describe pregnancy outcomes of fetuses affected by trisomies 13 and 18 following prenatal diagnosis and a decision to continue the pregnancy. Material and Methods: A single-center, retrospective study of 34 cases with a diagnosis or strong suspicion of trisomy 13 or 18. Results: Fourteen of 34 (41%) families ...

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of successful paternity from a male homozygous for 5α-reductase-2 deficiency. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Academic center, division of reproductive endocrinology. PATIENT(S): A 45-year-old Dominican man and his 32-year-old wife. INTERVENTION(S): In vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Pregnancy. RESULT(S): Viable twin gestation. ...

Please cite this paper as: Kuc S, Wortelboer E, Koster M, de Valk H, Schielen P, Visser G. Prediction of macrosomia at birth in type-1 and 2 diabetic pregnancies with biomarkers of early placentation. BJOG 2011; DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.02904.x. Objective  To evaluate the value of first trimester placental biomarkers (fβ-hCG, PAPP-A, ...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of congenital uterine anomalies in subfertile women and to evaluate their influence on early pregnancy following assisted reproduction treatment (ART). METHODS: We prospectively recruited 1392 subjects undergoing ART over a period of 5 years from 2004 - 2009. Three-dimensional transvaginal scan was performed in the ...

Please cite this paper as: Rijken M, Rijken J, Papageorghiou A, Kennedy S, Visser G, Nosten F, McGready R. Malaria in pregnancy: the difficulties in measuring birthweight. BJOG 2011; DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02880.x. Recommendations for interventions to control malaria in pregnancy are often based on studies using birthweight as the primary endpoint. ...

Pesticides associated to genetically modified foods (PAGMF), are engineered to tolerate herbicides such as glyphosate (GLYP) and gluphosinate (GLUF) or insecticides such as the bacterial toxin bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between maternal and fetal exposure, and to determine exposure levels of ...

Ultrasonography (US) provides detailed visualization of the fetus in early pregnancy in cows, thus allowing for fetal sex determination. The objective of this prospective observational study was to determine the feasibility and accuracy of a single US examination to diagnose fetal sex in dairy cattle under routine reproductive management conditions. ...

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to identify the implications for the mother and the newborn in pregnancies occurring after the bariatric surgery. METHODS: The present retrospective, exploratory cohort study was conducted to analyze the implications for the mother and the newborn in women of childbearing age (10 to 49 years) who ...

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often requires administration of cyclophosphamide (CYC), especially for severe glomerulonephritis. As this disease usually affects young women in reproductive age, pregnancy, though not recommended may occur. The teratogenic effects of this drug make pregnancy prognosis and fetal survival indeterminate. METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively the medical ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine first trimester safety of angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-receptor-blockers (ARBs). Study Design: Prospective observational cohort regarding pregnancy ACEI/ARBs-exposure including contacts to two Teratology Information Services in Israel (1994-2007) and Italy (1990-2008), with two comparison groups: 1. exposed to other anti-hypertensives (OAH) 2. after non-teratogenic exposure (NTE) in similar ...

Abstract Objective: Delayed villous maturation (DVM) is a spectrum of placental disease characterised by decreased tertiary villus formation, reduced vasculosyncytial membrane formation and, in the more severe grades, increased large bullous villi. In some series it is associated with an increased risk of stillbirth in the late third trimester, but ...

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy, a known teratogen often associated with drug use and smoking is a well-known public health concern. This study provides prevalence data for alcohol, smoking, and illicit drug use before, during, and after pregnancy among Inuit. Factors associated with alcohol use are also identified. Two hundred and ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate pregnancy outcome in patients with increased uterine artery pulsatility at 34 weeks as an isolated finding. METHODS: Normotensive women attending at 34 weeks for fetal growth assessment were enrolled in the study if fetal growth was appropriate and mean uterine pulsatility was persistently above the 95th centile ...

PURPOSE: To examine how the timing of hypoxic exposure results in specific childhood outcomes and whether there is a differential effect by sex. METHODS: A sample of 10,879 prospectively followed pregnancies was drawn from the Boston and Providence sites (New England, NE) of the National Collaborative Perinatal Project. Based on ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prenatal sonographic features of Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome (SWS). METHODS: A retrospective review of all cases of confirmed SWS during an eight years period was conducted. Clinical and historical data and outcome of the pregnancies were noted. Fetal biometry, skeletal survey, amniotic fluid volume and associated anomalies were ...

Recently, oocyte quality in sows culled for reasons unrelated to fertility was found to decline during the period of seasonal infertility. Wean-to-service interval (WSI) has also been associated with pregnancy loss in sows mated during the period of seasonal infertility. The aims of this study were to determine whether WSI ...

OBJECTIVE: To report the feasibility of early fetal cystoscopy for the prenatal diagnosis and therapy of severe first-trimester megacystis. METHODS: Between January 2008 and February 2010, early fetal cystoscopy at 16 weeks of gestation was offered to 15 patients whose fetuses presented with severe first-trimester megacystis. All infants were followed ...

OBJECTIVE: To report the prenatal findings and postnatal outcome of fetal ventriculomegaly associated with isolated large choroid plexus cysts (CPCs). METHOD: Cases of isolated fetal ventriculomegaly and large CPCs (>10 mm) were identified through a search of patient records from 2003 to 2006. Ultrasound (US) findings were reviewed: unilateral or ...

The reduction in infant birth weight and increased frequency of preeclampsia (PE) in high-altitude residents have been attributed to greater placental hypoxia, smaller uterine artery (UA) diameter, and lower UA blood flow (Q(UA)). This cross-sectional case-control study determined UA, common iliac (CI), and external iliac (EI) arterial blood flow in ...

Pregnancy complications such as pre-eclampsia, placental abruption and growth restriction were once thought to represent end-of-pregnancy issues. Currently, the cause of such complications are being increasingly recognised as defective implantation and placentation. The molecular mechanisms responsible for normal and abnormal implantation are an area of active investigation. Screening tests, such ...

Parvovirus B19 is a small single-stranded DNA virus and a potent inhibitor of erythropoiesis due to its cytotoxicity to erythroid progenitor cells. Although adult disease is generally mild, fetal parvovirus B19 infection can cause spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy and aplastic anemia, nonimmune hydrops fetalis and in utero fetal demise. ...

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy include chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia and chronic hypertension with superimposed pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia complicates about 3% of pregnancies, and all hypertensive disorders affect about five to 10% of pregnancies. Secular increases in chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia have occurred as a result of changes in ...

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) identifies a condition at increased risk of vascular occlusion and/or pregnancy complications. Patients are defined as having APS if they have at least one clinical (vascular occlusion and/or pregnancy complications) and one laboratory criterion at the same time. The laboratory criteria that define APS are repeated ...

Objective. To investigate proliferative, apoptotic, and antiapoptotic activity of placental trophoblast in pregnancies complicated with idiopathic intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Methods. Study group included data and placentas from 52 normal singleton term pregnancies with idiopathic IUGR. Records and placentas from 69 singleton pregnancies with normal fetal growth served as a control group. ...

We verified whether oxidative stress indices (oxidized low-density lipoproteins and malondialdehyde) and inflammatory biomarkers (circulating C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, serum amyloid A and soluble intercellular vascular cell adhesion molecule) are increased in the umbilical vein of placental insufficiency induced intra-uterine growth restricted neonates. The prospective cohort study, involving ...

To identify the impact of timing of prenatal stress exposure on offspring risk for shortened gestational age, preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA), using a population-based sample. Swedish longitudinal population registries were linked to study all individuals born in Sweden from 1973 to ...

Background: Maternal alcohol abuse during pregnancy can lead to fetal neurotoxicity and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Aims: To compare the clinical features and neurobehavioral profiles of children exposed to alcohol during pregnancy with controls. Methodology: Children exposed to alcohol in utero (n = 26) and 27-years age- and sex-matched controls were ...

We test the hypothesis that first-trimester serum analytes, 4-D power Doppler placental vascular indices and uterine artery Doppler (UAD) predicts abnormal placental morphometry in pregnancies with preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Maternal serum analytes (PAPP-A, hCG, ADAM12s, and PP13), bilateral UADs, and placental vascular indices were measured at ...

Many college women are at risk for pregnancy, and binge drinking college women are often at risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancy. Brief interventions with sustainable outcomes are needed, particularly for college women who are binge drinking, at risk for pregnancy, and at increased risk of alcohol-exposed pregnancy. Two-hundred-twenty-eight women at a ...

INTRODUCTION: The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health (CEMACH) reported outcomes of pregnancies in women with pre-gestational diabetes (PGDM) in the UK (n = 3,733). This study aimed to compare CEMACH outcomes with PGDM pregnancies in Dublin. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of all PGDM pregnancies. Comparison to CEMACH are shown in ...

Abstract Neurobehavior represents development of the central nervous system (CNS). Fetuses and newborns exhibit a large number of endogenously generated motor patterns, among which general movements are often investigated pre- and post-natally. Spontaneous activity is probably a more sensitive indicator of brain dysfunction than reactivity to sensory stimuli while testing ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of maternal serum-free β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels in the screening of fetuses with hemoglobin (Hb) Bart's disease among pregnancies at risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pregnancies at risk for fetal Hb Bart's disease scheduled for cordocentesis at ...

As the first step in prenatal diagnosis of X-linked genetic disorders, chorionic villus sampling (CVS) for fetal sex determination is generally performed at 11-13 weeks of gestation. However, as the procedure-related miscarriage rate of CVS is 0.5-1.0%, non-invasive methods such as PCR of cell-free fetal DNA (cff-DNA) in maternal plasma ...

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the use of three-dimensional ultrasonography (3D) as an alternative for examining fetal anatomy and nuchal translucency (NT) in the 1(st) trimester of pregnancy. Method: Prospective study of 199 low risk pregnant women undergoing 1(st) trimester ultrasound scan for fetal anomalies. The NT and fetal anatomy were ...

BACKGROUND: Spectral power of fetal heart rate variability is related to fetal condition. Previous studies found an increased normalized low frequency power in case of severe fetal acidosis. AIMS: To analyze whether absolute or normalized low or high frequency power of fetal heart rate variability is associated with fetal scalp ...

Abstract Aims: We investigated risk factors and neonatal outcomes of preeclampsia. Methods: We analyzed data of the German Perinatal Quality Registry 2006 that contains the complete national birth cohort of 668,085 newborn infants and 647,392 mothers from 917 German obstetric clinics. Results: The prevalence of preeclampsia in 2006 was at ...

Introduction: Our purpose was to examine whether the prenatal prediction of a critical birth weight discordance (BWD) in twin pregnancies can be improved by using either different formulae for prenatal fetal weight estimation or single biometric measurements or by assessing the intertwin discordance in the second trimester rather than shortly ...

Context: Arecent genome-wide association study identified variants near CCNL1/LEKR1 (rs900400) and in ADCY5 (rs9883204) to be associated with birth weight. We examined the associations of these variants with fetal growth characteristics in different trimesters, with a main interest in the timing of the associations and the affected body proportions. Methods: ...

Abstract Background: Obtaining fetal DNA or RNA by either chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis is currently, the gold standard prenatal diagnosis. However, these invasive procedures carry risk of miscarriage. A reliable method for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has long been sought to reduce the risk of miscarriage. Methods: Cell-free ...

Maternal glucocorticoids are critical for fetal development, but overexpression can be deleterious. Previously we established a mouse line deficient in melanocortin receptor 2 (MC2R). MC2R(-/-) mice have undetectable levels of corticosterone despite high levels of ACTH and defects resembling those in patients with familial glucocorticoid deficiency. Here we analyzed the ...

The effects of maternal fructose intake on offspring health remain largely unknown, despite the marked increase in consumption of sweetened beverages that has paralleled the obesity epidemic. The present study investigated the impact of maternal fructose intake on placental, fetal, and neonatal development. Female Wistar rats were time-mated and allocated ...

OBJECTIVE: To report a genetically proved superfecundation of quintuplets after transfer of two embryos in IVF procedure and successful completion of the pregnancy after fetal reduction. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Academic reproductive medicine center. PATIENT(S): A 31-year-old woman, gravida 0, who underwent her second IVF cycle after three IUIs. INTERVENTION(S): ...

Chronic ethanol exposure (CEE) can produce developmental abnormalities in the CNS of the embryo and developing fetus. Folic acid (FA) is an important nutrient during pregnancy and low folate status exacerbates ethanol-induced teratogenicity. This study tested the hypotheses that (1) CEE depletes folate stores in the mother and fetus; and (2) maternal FA supplementation ...

To establish and compare the frequency of intrauterine congenital heart defects in high-risk and low-risk pregnancies for congenital heart diseases. Records of 3782 patients who underwent fetal echocardiography at the Pediatric Cardiology Unit were reviewed for reasons of referral and results of echocardiography retrospectively. The categorical variables between the groups ...

Some prenatal factors may program an offspring's blood pressure, but existing evidence is inconclusive and mechanisms remain unclear. We examined the mediating roles of intrauterine and childhood growth in the associations between childhood systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 5 potentially modifiable prenatal factors: maternal smoking during pregnancy; prepregnancy BMI; pregnancy ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine outcomes of mifepristone and misoprostol for early pregnancy failure (EPF) treatment in a nonresearch setting. STUDY DESIGN: A protocol was developed for physicians to use mifepristone 200 mg orally and misoprostol 800 μg vaginally for EPF. Success rates were analyzed and an adjusted multivariable regression ...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of intrauterine infection, occurring in 0.2?2.2% of all neonates. The rare but serious neonatal manifestations have prompted widespread discussions of the use of CMV surveillance during pregnancy. This study describes a decision-analysis algorithm for a surveillance protocol to detect the maximal number of ...