External laryngeal counterpressure and internal laryngeal distention produce forces that are helpful for enhancing laryngoscopic exposure of the anterior glottis. These principles were formally described in the early 20th century, but are seldom used today. Hand pressure has been the typical source for external counterpressures. Since this maneuver is unstable ...

In a retrospective study, we compared 118 patients with hydrosalpinx and 157 patients with bilateral salpingectomy entering an established in vitro fertilisation programme between 1988 and 1992. Patients with unilateral or bilateral hydrosalpinx had a lower clinical pregnancy rate, a higher miscarriage rate, and a lower ongoing pregnancy rate than ...

Eighty-seven volunteer patients with non-tubal infertility initially intending to undergo gamete intra-Fallopian tube transfer (GIFT) via a transabdominal route were re-scheduled for ultrasound-guided transvaginal GIFT which was performed using a Jansen-Anderson tubal transfer set. Emphasis was placed on (i) definite ultrasound confirmation of the transfer catheter within the Fallopian tube, ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether selective salpingography can accurately diagnose and treat patients with early ectopic pregnancies (EPs). DESIGN: Prospective clinical case study. SETTING: Selective salpingography was performed in an outpatient setting under i.v. sedation. PATIENTS: Selective salpingography was performed in 10 women who had clinical presentation suggestive of EP, two ...

We examined the success rate and reproductive outcome of 50 patients who had been treated for persistent EP after initial unsuccessful salpingostomy. All who underwent salpingectomy had successful treatment of their persistent EP. One treatment failure occurred after MTX. Of 50 women, 32 (61.5%) attempted conception after treatment for persistent ...

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to increase the number of fertile spermatozoa at the natural site of fertilization by retrograde tubal insemination (TV-IFI; transvaginal intrafallopian insemination) and also to perform transvaginal GIFT or ZIFT (TV-GIFT or TV-ZIFT) avoiding the laparoscopic procedure, especially in selected high-risk cases. RESULTS: The method was used ...

Tubal catheterization procedures have become standard of care as a primary treatment of proximal tubal occlusions. They successfully utilize a variety of catheter techniques, though all usually include a wire guide. This raises the question whether guide wire catheterizations alone can be used to treat proximal tubal occlusions. We therefore ...

The laparoscopic management of tubal pregnancies by salpingostomy has become a clinical standard of care (5). Those surgeries usually are performed for tubal pregnancies that are located distally to the cornua and the intramural piece of the tube. We previously reported on the conservative surgical management of interstitial pregnancies (3). ...

A retrospective study of lateral cephalograms of 24 Japanese adults with Class III malocclusion was made in order to compare the angles of the horizontal plane between open bite and non-open bite cases. The following results were obtained: i) There was no significant difference in the angle of the NF-upper ...

Pomeroy tubal ligation is a widely-used method for surgical female sterilization. A laparoscopic technique of Pomeroy tubal ligation using endoloop sutures is compared with the conventional technique of Pomeroy tubal ligation by minilaparotomy. Forty-four women requiring sterilization were randomly selected for either laparoscopy (n = 24) or minilaparotomy (n = ...

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic tubal patency procedures may displace an early pregnancy. Hysterosalpingography performed in the presence of an unrecognized pregnancy has been reported to result in an ectopic pregnancy. No such information on laparoscopy performed during a cycle of conception has been reported. CASES: Three cases of laparoscopy were performed during ...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: A potential method of nonsurgical tubal sterilization was tested in rabbits. METHODS: Metal coils were designed which could be placed into the uterotubal junction using transvaginal fluoroscopic fallopian tube catheterization. These metal coils were successfully placed unilaterally in the uterotubal junction of 32 rabbits. The contralateral fallopian ...

Thirty-nine women underwent Falloposcopic examination utilizing the linear eversion catheter. Indications for examination included bilateral and unilateral proximal and distal tubal occlusive disease, assessing the residual Fallopian tube after salpingectomy for ectopic pregnancy, and unexplained infertility. Seventy-three Fallopian tubes were available for examination, of which 72 (98.6%) were successfully cannulated. ...

An important part of any protocol for investigation of the infertile couple is the assessment of Fallopian tube patency in the woman, as this can influence the future course of treatment. X-ray hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy and dye tubation are currently the main procedures for investigating tubal patency, but the recent ...

When both fallopian tubes appear normal, tubal selection for GIFT is left to the surgeon's discretion. We were interested to learn whether pregnancy rates were influenced by the choice of tubal transfer in relation to ovarian dominance. Ovarian dominance was defined sonographically as the ovary containing the greater number of ...

Prognostic factors for fertility outcome following laparoscopic salpingostomy were evaluated. We studied all distal tuboplasties performed between May 1986 and June 1991. Ninety infertile women were treated. Tuboplasty was carried out bilaterally except when one tube was absent or when bifocal lesions were present. Salpingostomy was performed using either scissors ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate further the safety and efficacy of selective ostial salpingography combined with transcervical wire recanalization for the diagnosis and treatment of proximal tubal obstruction. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Department of Radiology at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Medical Center, a tertiary care ...

We designed an animal model using sheep to evaluate three methods of canalicular reconstruction after laceration: direct sutured reapposition of the canaliculus without silicone intubation (4 eyelids), silicone intubation of the canalicular system without mucosal anastomosis (14 lids) and silicone intubation with mucosal anastomosis (10 lids). We also wished to ...

Between January 1984 and August 1991, 511 cases of extrauterine pregnancies were diagnosed by laparoscopy in our department. In 374 cases salpingectomy was performed: 184 by explorative laparotomy, and 190 by operative laparoscopy. Patients were scheduled for salpingectomy if one or more of the following criteria were fulfilled: (i) a ...

A retrospective analysis of women treated microsurgically using the CO2 laser in sterility treatment was performed. The aim of the study was to determine women's personal feeling about the procedure, prognostic factors, success rates, and complications. Included were 192 patients with tubal occlusions or pelvic adhesions treated by means of ...

PURPOSE: To review the effectiveness of fallopian tube recanalization (FTR) when performed without restriction based on history or tubal condition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From October 1989 to July 1992 in 37 consecutive women, aged 22-44 years (mean, 35 years), 42 FTRs were performed (five patients each underwent two FTRs). Water-soluble ...

In this study, 53 patients who underwent a bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy to advance the mandible were examined radiographically to assess condylar position presurgically, postsurgically, and posttreatment. Subjects were separated into two groups, 29 patients who received wire fixation and 24 who received rigid internal fixation. Condylar position changes ...

n-Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl) is said to be as effective as microsurgery for tubal anastomosis. In a prospective controlled study at the regional teaching hospital research laboratories, 40 female laboratory rats underwent laparotomy, with ligation of the uterine horns, and reanastomosis by microsurgery or cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive. Main outcome measures were patency ...

A case of combined intra-uterine and contralateral tubal pregnancy after gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) is presented. Laparotomy with partial tubal resection was performed after tubal rupture. The intra-uterine pregnancy is still ongoing without complications. Heterotopic pregnancies are dangerous conditions for the patient and should be taken into account after transfer ...

Rapid progress has been made in the last 10 years regarding minimally invasive access to the human fallopian tube. Coaxial catheter systems are being used with hysteroscopy, fluoroscopy, ultrasonography, and tactile sensation to cannulate the fallopian tube transcervically with consistent success. Uterotubal obstruction viewed at the time of hysterosalpingogram can ...

Tubal pregnancy remains a clinical challenge in spite of improvements in diagnostic tests and procedures. In a prospective study we evaluated the role of the serum creatine kinase as a possible marker for tubal pregnancy. Three groups of 17 patients each were included in the study: group A, documented tubal ...

This case report describes a simple non-invasive method of Fallopian tube sperm perfusion using a paediatric Foley catheter, which does not require cannulation of the Fallopian tube and can be performed on an outpatient basis. The patient achieved an intra-uterine pregnancy with demonstrable fetal heart beats. Subsequently, use of this ...

The efficacy of fluoroscopic transcervical Fallopian tube catheterization in treating patients with proximal tubal obstruction was investigated. In 11 (15.9%) of the 69 patients who entered the study, patency of the proximal Fallopian tubes was shown by a pre-treatment hysterosalpingogram or an ostial selective salpingogram. Transcervical Fallopian tube catheterization attested ...

In 150 women with tubal pregnancy consecutively treated over a two year period by laparoscopic techniques, 74 were treated conservatively by linear salpingotomy with carbon dioxide laser laparoscopy and 76 cases non-conservatively through the laparoscope by salpingectomy. Between 15 and 37 months later all patients were contacted by means of ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of same-day pregnancy testing on the incidence of luteal phase pregnancy (pregnancy in which conception occurs before sterilization). METHODS: Retrospectively, all patients (N = 1006) undergoing laparoscopic tubal ligations at the Regional Medical Center, Memphis, from May 1990 through December 1991 were reviewed for sterilization ...

Transvaginal tubal catheterization procedures have been suggested as an alternative to microsurgery and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) in the treatment of women with proximal tubal occlusion. A transcervical balloon tuboplasty (TBT) catheter was specifically developed and tested in a prospective multicentre trial. A total of 151 women with confirmed bilateral or ...

In 25 women with primary or secondary infertility, primary hysterosalpingography (HSG) or laparoscopy with chromopertubation indicated 33 proximal and 2 distal tubal obstructions. Four salpingectomies had been performed earlier. All patients were considered for transcervical catheter salpingoplasty (TCSP) to reconstruct tubal patency. Secondary examination with repeat HSG or selective osteal ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare a local injection of hyperosmolar glucose and salpingostomy for the laparoscopic treatment of tubal pregnancy in terms of immediate success and postoperative tubal patency. DESIGN: Prospective. PATIENTS, SETTING: Forty women with an unruptured tubal pregnancy were enrolled from among 117 women with ectopic pregnancies (EPs) admitted consecutively ...

This retrospective study presents data from 26 women who underwent a reversal of female sterilization. The intrauterine pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate were 38.5% and 7.7% respectively. The most successful site of tubal anastomosis was isthmic-isthmic anastomosis. The importance of proper patient selection and factors that affect the success ...

Because of an incomplete tubal abortion, salpingectomy was performed in a patient 12 days after glucose instillation into an ampullary tubal gestation. Serum hCG levels had progressively declined from 1.122 mIU/mL at first intervention to 37 mIU/mL at the second operation. Histopathology showed marked necrosis of trophoblastic tissue but no ...

The upper respiratory mucosa has been reported to react to sex hormones in both physiological and pathological conditions. The present study was specifically aimed to determine the influence of high levels of oestrogen on Eustachian tube function. Fifty-three healthy, pregnant women were prospectively evaluated for Eustachian tube function during pregnancy. ...

The medical records of 21 patients with bicornuate uterus were analyzed. Thirteen patients did not undergo corrective surgery, whereas eight underwent metroplasty. The pregnancies in patients who did not undergo surgery, and the outcome evaluated. The outcome of pregnancies after corrective surgery was also analyzed. The cumulative pregnancy rates at ...

BACKGROUND: Fewer than 100 cases of leiomyoma of the fallopian tube have been described in the literature; most of them are asymptomatic. CASE: A woman presented with a tubal pregnancy which, at laparotomy, proved to be distal to a leiomyoma of the tube. CONCLUSION: Tubal myomas may predispose to tubal ...

From these data, it seems highly likely that conservation of the involved tube does not substantially increase the risk of a future ectopic pregnancy, although it does slightly increase the chance of a subsequent intrauterine pregnancy. This advantage of conservative therapy is also demonstrable in patients with a repeat tubal ...

Fifteen women with unruptured tubal pregnancies diagnosed by laparoscopy and ultrasound were treated with danazol 400 mg, injected directly into the affected tube. Study inclusion criteria were (i) a rising or plateauing level of serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), (ii) a tubal swelling less than 3 x 3 cm, ...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze reproductive outcome after laparoscopic procedures for ectopic pregnancy, with particular attention to laparoscopic salpingectomy. METHODS: In a 260-physician multispecialty clinic in the rural upper midwestern United States, 143 patients were followed prospectively after undergoing laparoscopic procedures for ectopic pregnancy. Ninety-five who sought further pregnancies during the study ...

AIMS: To audit the outcome of tubal surgery performed in Wellington between 1986-90. To establish the appropriate indications for tubal surgery in terms of likely benefit. To compare benefit with other treatment modalities namely in vitro fertilisation. METHODS: Data obtained from hospital patient notes, theatre records and personal communication. RESULTS: ...

We studied the effect of vaginal progesterone (P) treatment during the luteal phase of patients who had had a tubal pregnancy (TP) and were planning another, in a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. The outpatient clinics of two University hospitals and three central hospitals had 135 patients treated for tubal pregnancy: ...

This commentary illustrates the case of a young married woman (who will be referred to as Debbie), who presented requesting a tubal ligation, but after a joint discussion with her husband (who will be referred to as Boyd), it was decided that he would have a vasectomy. Shortly after the ...

Fifty-two patients with 84 proximal Fallopian tube obstructions underwent Fallopian tube recanalization (FTR). The successful catheterization rate for Fallopian tubal ostia was 100%, and the successful recanalization rate was 64%. After FTR, hysterosalpingography or selective tubography showed no evidence of adhesion (without adhesion) in 31 tubes, perifimbrial adhesion in 17 ...

Entonox (a 50:50 mixture of nitrous oxide in oxygen) is given via black rubber corrugated tubing in most obstetric units even though this has been superseded by clear plastic tubing in many operating theatres. This trial has shown that more women in labour preferred using plastic rather than black rubber ...

Over the last 20 years, the frequency of multiple pregnancy has increased mainly because of the introduction of exogenous pituitary gonadotropins in the treatment of sterility. The incidence of ectopic pregnancies also increased during the same period of time. This paper describes the first reported case of a simultaneous bilateral ...

Sterilization by tubal occlusive methods has a small but definite incidence of failure which is not well recognized among general surgeons. As a result of the failure to appreciate the possibility of ectopic pregnancy after tubal ligation, right-sided abdominal pain in this patient population is commonly misdiagnosed as appendicitis. One ...

Keratometry using the Goldmann tonometer is a reliable and readily available guide to corneal astigmatism following cataract surgery. In regular corneal astigmatism the Goldmann tonometer rings are distorted into skewed ellipses. The axis of the cylinder can be measured by rotating the tonometer head until an undistorted ellipse is obtained. ...

Although convective warming therapy is effective in preventing hypothermia in anesthetized patients, little is known concerning the potential risks of its use. Hence, this balanced cross-over study was designed to determine if the use of convective warming therapy increased the risk of wound contamination. For 4 h, eight healthy male ...