Vaginal radical trachectomy (RT) ligates and cuts several arteries supplying the uterus. Changes of blood supply to the uterus in two patients who experienced pregnancy and delivery were studied by using 3-D CT scanning. Effects of changes of blood supply to the uterus on the pregnancy courses were also examined. ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess uterine artery Doppler velocimetry performed in the third trimester of pregnancy in women with severe preeclampsia as a predictor of adverse postpartum outcome. METHODS: A cohort study including 154 women, conducted in a teaching hospital in Recife, Brazil. Uterine artery Doppler was performed at admission to hospital ...

BACKGROUND: One of the main aims of routine antenatal care is to identify the 'at risk' fetus in order to apply clinical interventions which could result in reduced perinatal morbidity and mortality. Doppler ultrasound study of umbilical artery waveforms helps to identify the compromised fetus in 'high-risk' pregnancies and, therefore, ...

Vitamin K1 is frequently used in the treatment and prevention of hypoprothrombinemia and hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. It also serves as an antidote to anticoagulants. Erythematous, indurated, pruritic plaques uncommonly occur in adults after intramuscular injection with vitamin K1. We present a case of a localized cutaneous reaction to ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the relation between the depth of notch in the uterine arteries at 20-23 weeks and the incidence and severity of subsequent pregnancy complications. METHODS: The Notch Index (NI) was defined as (C - D)/C, with C = postsystolic zenith and D = postsystolic nadir. ...

The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between first trimester maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (fBHCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA), second-trimester uterine artery (UA) Doppler measurements and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Serum levels of PAPPA and fBHCG were determined at the first trimester, and patients underwent ...

Normal changes in blood pressure during pregnancy are well documented in the second and third trimesters. Little is known about first-trimester changes, particularly compared with preconceptional values. This knowledge might allow for early prediction of conditions such as preeclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction. Prior studies utilized a laboratory setting. We ...

The aim of this work was to evaluate the hemodynamic changes in the utero-placental arterial vessels in rabbits (Orictolagus cuniculus) throughout pregnancy as well as those in the umbilical cord, aorta, and caudal vena cava of fetuses to establish their normal reference ranges for systolic peak velocity (SPV), end diastolic ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare Doppler measurements of umbilical arteries (UAs) and veins (UV) in diabetic and nondiabetic pregnancies near term. METHODS: Consecutive patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were prospectively recruited from a regional obstetric service over an 18-month period. Doppler assessment of the UA and UV done within 10 days ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the screening efficiency of the umbilical artery systolic to diastolic ratio (S/D), pulsatility index (PI), and absent end-diastolic flow (AEDF) for adverse pregnancy outcomes and placental abnormalities in small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the first-trimester placental volume and 3-dimensional (3D) power Doppler vascularization of pregnancies with low serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) levels and to relate these findings to pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography of the placenta was performed at gestational ...

The boost in placental production of CRH in late pregnancy is specific for human. CRH receptors are expressed in the fetal zone of the fetal adrenal (FZFA). Hence, we evaluated the associations between the steroid metabolome and gestational age (GA). The levels of 69 steroids and steroid polar conjugates such ...

OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether fetal bradycardia-to-delivery interval or decision-to-delivery interval was related to cord arterial pH according to different causes of fetal distress. METHODS: Women who delivered singleton neonates by urgent cesarean delivery because of intrapartum fetal bradycardia were retrospectively categorized into three groups according to the cause of fetal ...

To assess left ventricular (LV) structure and function in preeclampsia, a serious vascular-related pregnancy disorder, by Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) in combination with the levels of cardiovascular biomarkers. Thirty-five pregnant women with preeclampsia and 30 with normal pregnancy, matched for age and gestational age were examined during pregnancy and 3-6 ...

OBJECTIVES: To examine the performance of screening for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy at 11-13 weeks by a combination of the maternal history, uterine artery Doppler imaging and blood pressure. METHODS: This was a prospective screening study for pre-eclampsia (PE) requiring delivery before 34 weeks (early PE), late PE and gestational ...

We sought to determine the rate of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnancies diagnosed with an isolated single umbilical artery (SUA). We performed a retrospective review comparing 68 pregnancies with an isolated SUA to 68 pregnancies with a three-vessel cord (3VC). Pregnancies with structural or karyotypic anomalies were excluded. Gestational age ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate umbilical cord abnormalities predisposing to mechanical cord compression and determine their relationship to adverse clinical outcomes and stasis-associated histologic changes in the placenta. METHODS: Placental slides of 224 singleton pregnancies with gross cord abnormality (true knots, long cords, nuchal/body cords, abnormal cord insertion, hypercoiled cords, narrow cords ...

OBJECTIVE: To find out the predictive value of intrapartum Cardiotocograph (CTG) in terms of fetal acid base status at birth in women undergoing emergency caesarean section for a suboptimal CTG trace. STUDY DESIGN: Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: At the MCH Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, ...

BACKGROUND: Only six women who were treated with somatostatin analogues (SSAs) throughout their pregnancies have been described so far. The influence of SSAs on the course of pregnancy and newborn outcomes remains largely unknown. Many aspects of SSAs pharmacokinetics in mother and foetus have not yet been defined. METHODS AND ...

Placental-associated diseases account for most cases of adverse perinatal outcome in developing countries. Uterine Doppler evaluation predicts most instances of early-onset preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, but there is no evidence in favour of any prophylactic strategy in cases of an abnormal screening result. Umbilical artery Doppler investigation allows identifying ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in Doppler indices of the fetal ductus venosus (DV) and umbilical artery (UMA) after amnioinfusion in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM). Pregnancies with pPROM and severe oligohydramnios cause sequelae in newborns and mothers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included a ...

Abnormal umbilical artery flow with absent or reversed end-diastolic velocity (AREDV) during pregnancy is a strong indication of placental insufficiency. When AREDV occurs prenatally, a close follow-up or expeditious delivery should be contemplated. AREDV in the umbilical artery is associated with intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and perinatal mortality. It may ...

OBJECTIVES: Defective implantation is a mechanism for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). We sought to determine whether the serum expression of human relaxin-2 (RLX) is impaired in women with a history of RPL. STUDY DESIGN: Employing a prospective case-controlled design we studied 20 pregnant women with a history of RPL and ...

To examine fetal auditory perception in low- and high-risk pregnancies in period from 27 to 31 weeks gestational age with the aim to establish diagnostic parameters in prenatal detection of the degree of hearing development in a fetus. Method of prenatal hearing screening was applied on 80 women divided in ...

The aim of this study was to describe the changes in the resistance index (RI) and systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) of the uterine arteries during mid-pregnancy abortion induction in the dog. Sixteen 30-35 day pregnant bitches were randomly assigned to either a pharmacological protocol to interrupt gestation (n = 8) or ...

BACKGROUND: Fetal hypoxia is an important determinant of neonatal encephalopathy caused by birth asphyxia, in which hypoxia-induced free radical formation plays an important role. HYPOTHESIS: Maternal treatment with allopurinol, will cross the placenta during fetal hypoxia (primary outcome) and reduce S-100B and free radical formation (secondary outcome). METHODS: In a ...

OBJECTIVE: To establish a reference range of splenic artery peak systolic velocity 1(SpA-PSV) in the normal singleton pregnancies (14-40 weeks). METHODS: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on uncomplicated singleton pregnancies with normal fetuses and accurate gestational age were recruited into the study. The Doppler measurements of SpA-PSV were performed ...

Changes of Doppler velocity measurements of distinct hepatic vein (HV) Doppler wave components were evaluated during uncomplicated pregnancy (UP) as a reference to measurements in pre-eclampsia (PE). Women with UP (n = 13) were submitted to standardised duplex scanning of HV at 11 stages of pregnancy between 10 and 38 ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of short-term maternal fasting on uterine, umbilical, and middle cerebral artery Doppler indices, and on maternal serum glucose levels and fetal behavior. METHODS: Maternal serum glucose levels, fetal biophysical profiles, and uterine, umbilical, and middle cerebral artery Doppler indices were assessed in 110 healthy women ...

Objective. To compare Doppler measurements of umbilical arteries (UAs) and veins (UV) in diabetic and nondiabetic pregnancies near term. Methods. Consecutive patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were prospectively recruited from a regional obstetric service over an 18-month period. Doppler assessment of the UA and UV done within 10 days ...

Anti-D was detected for the first time at 36 weeks gestation in a group A RhD-negative primigravida without prior sensitizing events or anti-D administration. Simultaneously, foetal ultrasound showed middle cerebral artery maximum velocity (MCA V(max)) at the 95th centile but no hydrops. Labour was induced at 37 weeks. Although neonatal ...

During mature placenta formation, select fetal trophoblasts invade maternal decidual arterioles and junctional zone arteries and change them into low-resistance uteroplacental arteries. Consequently, physicians performing vascular procedures that occlude the uterine arteries should understand their effects on miscarriage rates, the various toxemias of pregnancy, gross and microscopic placental anatomy, and ...

Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by an aberrant maternal cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy and increased cardiovascular risk later on in life. The aim of this study was to compare the maternal wave reflections and arterial stiffness in women with established PE and those with normotensive pregnancies, after systematic adjustment for known ...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship of first-trimester uterine artery Doppler indices with subsequent delivery of small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). METHODS: This was a prospective study in which uterine artery Doppler assessment was performed at 11-14 weeks in 3010 women with singleton pregnancies. Resistance indices (RI) ...

Arterial stiffness and compliance are major predictors of adverse cardiovascular events and are influenced by female sex hormones, including estrogen and progesterone. The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the effect of the menstrual cycle, normal pregnancy, and preeclampsia on central and systemic arterial stiffness. Ten healthy nulliparous ...

Post-partum hemorrhage is an obstetrical emergency. Pelvic artery embolisation offers an alternative to surgical intervention and increases the rate of conservative treatment. The objective of this review was to study the scientific literature on obstetrical outcomes following uterine-sparing arterial embolisation performed for post-partum hemorrhage in a prior pregnancy. A Medline ...

Umbilical cord abnormalities are accepted as conditions associated with intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), and umbilical cord stricture is most frequently encountered. In addition, although cord entanglement with multiple loops rarely increases the perinatal mortality, it is associated with a significant increase in variable kind of morbidity such as growth restriction. ...

Pressure and flow pulsations in the fetal heart propagate through the precordial vein and the ductus venosus (DV) but are normally not transmitted into the umbilical vein (UV). Pulsations in the umbilical vein do occur, however, in early pregnancy and in pathological conditions. Such transmission into the umbilical vein is ...

The progressive rise in uterine blood flow (UBF) during pregnancy is accompanied by outward hypertrophic remodeling of the uterine artery (UA). After birth, UBF falls in concert with the sudden decline in uterine metabolic demands. Arterial remodeling associated with the reversal of increased blood flow has been described in large ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Doppler ultrasound has become an indispensable tool in evaluating pregnancies at risk for conditions such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal anemia, and umbilical cord abnormalities. Use of umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and uterine artery Doppler has been the mainstay of assessment. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent findings ...

The objective of the study was to compare Doppler ultrasound measurements of the fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) obtained at a 0 degrees angle of insonation to assessment at 30 degrees and 30 degrees with angle correction. Patients between 14 and 36 weeks' gestation were enrolled (n ...

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the feasibility of transvaginal uterine artery Doppler examination in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, establish reference ranges in a Brazilian population and examine the correlation between these Doppler findings. METHODS: Longitudinal prospective study at the antenatal clinic of a tertiary teaching hospital. Uterine artery Doppler examinations ...

OBJECTIVE: This study was to determine the long-term outcomes of arterial pelvic embolization for intractable postpartum hemorrhage and particularly its effect on menses, fertility, and outcomes of subsequent pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-six consecutive patients who underwent emergency pelvic arterial embolization for severe postpartum hemorrhage between April 1995 and July 2005 ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prediction of acidemia at birth using cerebral transverse sinus (CTS) Doppler velocimetry and to determine the best parameter and cut-off values for its prediction in pregnancies complicated with placental insufficiency. METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study involving 69 pregnant women (26-40 weeks' gestation) with placental ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare umbilical and uterine artery Doppler in predicting outcome of pregnancies suspected of fetal growth restriction (FGR). DESIGN: A prospective study included 353 singleton pregnancies complicated by an FGR fetus. SETTING: University Hospital setting. SAMPLE: Pregnancies suspected of FGR diagnosed by ultrasound fetal biometry during a 5-year period. ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe changes in mean uterine artery resistance index and bilateral notches between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation in healthy nulliparous women and to relate these changes to pregnancy outcome. METHODS: A total of 2,189 nulliparous participants in the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints study had pregnancy outcomes compared ...

BACKGROUND: Surveillance and identification of umbilical cord abnormalities is a challenging problem in obstetrics. Continuous fetal monitoring during active labor helps identify when danger exists for the fetus. CASE: A nullipara underwent emergent cesarean delivery for fetal distress and was found to have a fetus already separated from the completely ...

OBJECTIVE: To define normal values of Renal interlobar vein impedance index (RIVI) throughout gestation, as a reference to RIVI in preeclampsia (PE). METHODS: Longitudinal evaluation of 20 uncomplicated pregnancies (UP) by standard renal duplex scan, every 4 weeks during pregnancy and postpartum. Comparison of RIVI between 40 PE and UP, ...

We investigated the role(s) of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) on the altered 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin)-induced tension development of the isolated umbilical artery of preeclamptic pregnancy of Chinese women. An enhanced 5-HT-induced tension development of the umbilical artery of preeclamptic pregnancy was observed when compared with that of normal pregnancy. The enhanced ...

The fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) is present in a fraction of fetuses exposed to intra-amniotic infection and is associated with the impending onset of labor and multisystem organ involvement. Neonates born with funisitis, the histologic counterpart of fetal systemic inflammation, are at increased risk for cerebral palsy and bronchopulmonary ...