OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of ovarian wedge resection by minilaparotomy in infertile patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). STUDY DESIGN: One hundred and thirty-four anovulatory patients with PCOS, who were previously treated with clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins and did not conceive were operated via minilaparotomy with microsurgical principles and ...

Ovarian stimulation during infertility treatment is used either alone or in conjunction with intrauterine insemination and assisted reproductive technologies. At the present time, the two main medications used for ovarian stimulation include an oral antioestrogen, clomiphene citrate and injectable gonadotrophins. In spite of the high ovulation rate, the use of ...

BACKGROUND: High parity is associated with reduced risk of ovarian cancer. One hypothesis is that pregnancy is associated with clearance of a fraction of the genetically modified (premalignant) cells from the ovaries. METHODS: We evaluated this hypothesis using a model that estimates the cell clearance fraction at first and second ...

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy complicated by endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary has rarely been reported. CASE: A 32-year-old pregnant woman was found to have an ovarian tumor. At 19 weeks of gestation, tumorectomy was performed and a diagnosis of primary endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary (stage Ic) was made. Pregnancy ...

Since 1925, epidemiological and histological evidence for an association between endometriosis and ovarian neoplasia has accumulated. Recently, publications assaying the clonality of a given cell population have implied endometriosis has premalignant properties. However, the human androgen receptor used as a marker in these studies is of highly questionable reliability due ...

BACKGROUND: The ovarian response and the pregnancy outcome of women with one ovary have been investigated under various IVF stimulation protocols. Cetrorelix is a novel agent offering important advantages in ovarian stimulation. In this study, the multiple protocol of cetrorelix is evaluated in single ovary women, for the first time. ...

Our purpose was to evaluate the pathologic features and outcome of pregnancies that were complicated with adnexal masses and were managed surgically. A review of patients who had persistent adnexal masses during pregnancy and needed surgical removal of tumours was performed from January 1998 to April 2001. There were 14 ...

The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a rare iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation occurring during the luteal phase or during early pregnancy. This complication is unusual as it is not the consequence of a treatment which is vital or mandatory for the patient's health. Nevertheless, it can be accompanied by ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the Willis dropped ovary technique with traditional spaying methods in extensive beef cattle herds in northern Australia. PROCEDURE: Three field trials were conducted simultaneously at different sites in northern Australia in 1996-97. Brahman and Brahman-Shorthorn cross heifers (n = 219, 2 years, 250 to 378 kg) and ...

An ovarian mass in a premenopausal patient has many differential diagnoses. In young patients the mass is most likely to be benign. Sometimes patients with an abdominal mass will present as acute abdomen. If the patients have an IUD and a positive test for serum HCG, an ectopic ovarian pregnancy ...

Ovarian cancer in pregnancy is a very rare event. We present here the case of a 37-year-old woman in whom a clear cell ovarian carcinoma was diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy. This patient had a history of infertility, endometriosis and two previous unsuccessful attempts of in vitro fertilization. ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects approximately 5% of reproductive-age women and is characterized by anovulation and increased androgen production. Despite the ability to correct ovulatory disorders, pregnancy rates remain paradoxically low, and spontaneous pregnancy loss rates are high. To determine whether uterine dysfunction contributed to the adverse reproductive outcomes in ...

A role for the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and its dopamine (DA) innervation in fear and fear learning is supported by a large body of evidence, which has challenged the view that the NAcc is solely involved in mediating appetitive processes. Unfortunately, due to conflicting findings in the aversive conditioning literature ...

Gender differences in susceptibility to affective disorders are well documented. The ovarian steroids, estrogen (E) and progesterone (P), may modulate the function of the serotonergic (5-HT) system, implicated in the etiology and treatment of affective disorders. We tested the hypothesis that ovarian steroid modulation of 5-HT function could result in ...

Synbranchus marmoratus (Synbranchidae), commonly known as the swamp eel, is a protogynous diandric teleost fish widely distributed throughout South America. The purpose of this work was to study the ovarian anatomy and to describe oocyte developmental stages in the swamp eel, Synbranchus marmoratus. S. marmoratus has a unique sacular ovary. ...

PURPOSE: To compare ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) between normal ovaries and ovaries previously treated surgically for unilateral ovarian endometrioma. METHODS: From January 1996 to December 2001, 32 patients with unilateral ovarian endometrioma previously treated surgically underwent 38 cycles of COH. Their records were reviewed retrospectively. The number ...

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a rare iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation occurring during the luteal phase or during early pregnancy. Fortunately, the reported prevalence of the severe form of OHSS is small, ranging from 0.5 to 5%. Nevertheless, as this is an iatrogenic complication of a non-vital treatment with ...

We describe the case of a 36 old woman with a right massive hydrothorax resulting from Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation (COH) for infertility. This complication is defined as Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) which usually includes abdominal pain, nausea and ascites, rarely involving the respiratory apparatus. The usual determining factors of OHSS ...

Ovarian function in adult human and nonhuman primates is dependent on events that take place during fetal development, including the envelopment of oocytes by granulosa (i.e., folliculogenesis). However, our understanding of fetal ovarian folliculogenesis is incomplete. During baboon pregnancy, placental production and secretion of estradiol into the fetus increases with ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the endocrinologic profile and reproductive outcome after laparoscopic drilling using a harmonic scalpel for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in clomiphene-resistant infertile women. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a prospective, randomized study of 34 infertile women with PCOS. Group A (17 women) underwent laparoscopic ovarian drilling using a harmonic ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the peripheral serum androgen concentrations in normal and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) women during pregnancy, in order to establish if PCOS may induce gestational hyperandrogenism and therefore constitute a potential source of androgen excess for the fetus. METHODS: Twenty pregnant PCOS ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the neonatal outcome in pregnancies after ovarian stimulation, not including in vitro fertilization. The outcomes studied were multiple birth, preterm birth, and low birth weight among singletons, congenital malformations, and infant death. METHODS: We identified 4029 women who delivered between 1995-1999 after ovarian stimulation alone and compared ...

The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation occurring during the luteal phase or early pregnancy. It has been observed over the last 60 years, since gonadotropins were first used to induce ovulation. The prevalence varies, according to study, from 0.5% to 5%. The pathogenesis of ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether ovarian volume of World Health Organization II anovulatory patients in the early follicular phase predicts the response to ovulation induction with gonadotropins. DESIGN: Retrospective data analysis of two prospective, randomized, multicenter studies. SETTING: Clinical development unit of biotechnology company. PATIENT(S): Four hundred sixty-five World Health Organization ...

Heterotopic pregnancy is increasingly being diagnosed since the advent of assisted reproductive technology involving the use of superovulatory drugs and/or in-vitro fertilization and the availability of high-resolution ultrasound scans. There are reports of Heterotopic tubal pregnancies following clomiphene use. Heterotopic ovarian pregnancies are however rare. Clomiphene citrate, which is widely ...

Hyperreactio luteinalis is an unusual condition in which, during pregnancy, both ovaries are enlarged by multiple theca lutein cysts that produce a high level of testosterone. Several weeks postpartum, the cysts resolve and testosterone level returns to normal. Two case studies are presented in which mothers with gestational ovarian theca ...

Most regulatory genes are employed multiple times to control different processes during development. The Drosophila Ovo/Shavenbaby (Svb) transcription factor is required both for germline and epidermal differentiation, two roles also found for its ortholog m-ovo1 in mice. In Drosophila, these two distinct functions are contributed by separate control regions directing ...

BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition causing amenorrhea, hypoestrogenism and elevated gonadotropins before the age of 40 years and affects around 10% of patients seeking evaluation for secondary amenorrhea. Although it is a rare event, pregnancy has occurred in this group of patients. CASE: A successful twin pregnancy ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) frequently presents during adolescence and is the commonest cause of menstrual irregularity and hirsutism. The characteristic endocrine abnormalities include hypersecretion of androgens and LH. Metabolic dysfunction is also a feature of many young women with PCOS. Hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance, which can be regarded as an ...

Ovarian pregnancy is an uncommon type of ectopic pregnancy. A 35-year-old, gravida 3, para 3 woman was admitted because of a vaginal bleeding of 17 days' duration after amenorrhea for 10 weeks. She had right lower quadrant pain. Serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin concentration was 1530 mIU/ml. Transabdominal ultrasonography showed a ...

Each year over 75,000 pregnant women in the United States undergo nonobstetric surgery. The operations include those directly related to pregnancy, such as cerclage, those indirectly related to pregnancy, such as ovarian cystectomy, and those unrelated to gestation, such as appendectomy. When a pregnant woman presents for surgery, it is ...

This study examined the immunohistochemical expression of carbohydrate antigens CA19-9 and CA125 and their relationship to various biological parameters in 27 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) and 18 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC) arising from salivary glands. The series showed higher immunopositivity for CA125 (67% for MEC; 33% for ACC) than for CA19-9 ...

A 32-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 3, had a benign right ovarian mucinous cystadenoma. It was diagnosed 1 month before conception, measured 9 x 7cm, and reached 33 x 24 x 20cm at 38 weeks gestation. Cesarean delivery of a 2250 g normal female infant took place, and the removal ...

The relationship between ovarian activity and circulating steroid concentration was studied in the female sheath-tailed bat, Taphozous longimanus. T. longimanus breeds twice in rapid succession during the year at Varanasi, India. Ovarian recrudescence was observed during September, and antral follicles were first observed during the month of October. Circulating androstenedione ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the preoperative symptoms of patients with primary ovarian tumors undergoing surgery during pregnancy and non-pregnancy. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 71 pregnant patients who underwent surgery for primary ovarian tumors (pregnant) and 580 non-pregnant patients (non-pregnant) aged 15similar44 years old. ...

It is believed that follicular development and ovulation is suppressed during the early period of gestation in humans. In this report, we describe a patient who underwent ovarian hyperstimulation following a "presumed" menstrual bleeding. The case illustrates that the ovaries during early pregnancy seem to respond normally to exogenous gonadotrophin ...

Primordial and growing follicles are abundant within the ovaries of healthy young female mammals. While our understanding of follicular dynamics is based mainly on studies of normal ovaries in intact animals, techniques such as ovarian grafting and in vitro culture, in particular when used in combination with cryopreservation, have provided ...

OBJECTIVE: To identify and quantify predictors of poor ovarian response in in vitro fertilization (IVF). DESIGN; Prospective study. SETTING; Tertiary fertility center. PATIENT(S): One hundred twenty women undergoing their first IVF cycle. INTERVENTION(S): Measurement of the number of antral follicles and the total ovarian volume by ultrasound, and of basal ...

A 26-year-old woman had classic symptoms of primary ovarian pregnancy. Ultrasound examination disclosed a cystic mass surrounded by a complex mass that was compatible with hematoma in the pouch of Douglas, as well as an intrauterine device (IUD) displaced near the isthmic portion of the uterine cavity. Laparoscopy revealed a ...

Benign cystadenomas or cystic teratomas are most frequently diagnosed in pregnancy. In the latter half of pregnancy ovarian tumors are particularly difficult to diagnose. In this report we present a case of a huge mucinous cyst adenoma of the ovary diagnosed in the 26th week of pregnancy. To our knowledge ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine maternal and foetal outcome in patients undergoing surgery for a pelvic mass in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: Maternal and foetal records (outcomes) of eight cases of adnexal masses associated with intrauterine pregnancy that required laparotomy or aspiration or that were diagnosed incidentally at the time ...

Solvolysis of some vinyl iodonium salts carrying an excellent leaving group is examined, focusing on whether or not a classical primary vinyl cation can be generated. Formation of the primary cation is avoided, when possible, by participation of the beta substituent in the heterolysis to form a vinylenebenzenium ion or ...

A 24 years Muslim lady was admitted to SSKM Hospital with the complaint of pain lower abdomen, more on left side with ultrasonography diagnosis of alive foetuses in a twin pregnancy of 19-20 weeks of gestational age. On the very next day, foetal heart sound disappeared with complaint of no ...

The study presents the structure of the ovaries of the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus) during the first months of life. The ovaries in neonate females exhibit a large number of primordial and primary follicles, sometimes clustered in nests. The growing follicles were also observed within the ovary at that period. ...

We investigated the influence of pelvic endometriosis and ovarian endometrioma on pregnancy outcome in women associated with infertility. A total of 237 women with endometriosis were reviewed, and their fertility rate was assessed by both r-AFS staging and TOP classification as previously proposed by our group. There was no significant ...

Ovarian pregnancy is an uncommon presentation of ectopic gestation, where the gestational sac is implanted within the ovary. Usually, it ends with rupture, which occurs before the end of the first trimester. Its presentation often is difficult to distinguish from that of tubal ectopic pregnancy and hemorrhagic ovarian cyst. We ...

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is uncommon. Paclitaxel-based chemotherapy during pregnancy has not been reported previously. CASE: A woman with ascites and an adnexal mass diagnosed during pregnancy at 27 weeks gestational age underwent a laparotomy with cytoreductive surgery and was diagnosed with stage IIIC papillary serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic conservative surgery in young women with borderline ovarian tumors who want to preserve their childbearing potential, and to assess whether pregnancy influences the recurrence rate during the follow-up evaluation period. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Center for Reconstructive Pelvic Endosurgery, Reproductive Medicine Unit, S. ...

BACKGROUND: Both ovarian carcinoma and high-dose chemotherapy tend to preclude future pregnancies. CASE: We report a case of a young woman with borderline ovarian carcinoma and invasive tumor implants who underwent surgical debulking with preservation of future fertility followed by carboplatinum, paclitaxel (Taxol), and subsequent high-dose chemotherapy with subsequent peripheral ...

In dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cell cultures, levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are increased in the presence of ovarian hormones and nerve growth factor (NGF). In addition, injection of ovariectomized rats with ovarian hormones led to an increase in levels of two NGF receptors, TrkA and p75(NTR), in DRG. ...