OBJECTIVE:: To investigate the prevalence and correlates of short interpregnancy intervals in the United States. METHODS:: We analyzed pregnancy data from a nationally representative sample of 12,279 women from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth. We limited our sample to second and higher-order births within 5 years of the ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility and accuracy of nasal bone (NB) assessment in the retronasal triangle (RNT) view for aneuploidy screening in the first trimester of pregnancy. METHODS: Consecutive women with singleton pregnancies undergoing sonographic screening at 11-13 weeks of gestation were prospectively evaluated. In all cases, assessment of the ...

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancy has been significantly associated with subsequent female sterilization. Whether women who are sterilized after experiencing an unintended pregnancy are less likely to express desire for sterilization reversal is unknown. Methods: This study used national, cross-sectional data collected by the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth. The ...

BACKGROUND: Research investigating the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and blood pressure (BP) during pregnancy is limited and its underlying pathway is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediators of the association between educational level as an indicator of the SES and BP in early and ...

To investigate the relationship among parity, length of the inter-pregnancy intervals and excessive pregnancy weight gain in the first pregnancy and the risk of obesity. Using a prospective cohort study of 3,422 non-obese, non-pregnant US women aged 14-22 years at baseline, adjusted Cox models were used to estimate the association among ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess pregnancy rates before and after a training intervention in which reproductive endocrinology and infertility fellows were required to perform 100 IUIs before performing ETs. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Large, academic training program. PATIENT(S): Not applicable. INTERVENTION(S): Comparing pregnancy rates between two time periods: July 1998-June 2001 ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the range of, and influences on, the incision-delivery interval (IDI) and the impact on neonatal condition at delivery. STUDY DESIGN: Analysis of prospectively collected cohort data from all women delivered by caesarean section over 12 months in an obstetric unit delivering 6000 women per year. Prospective data ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether interpregnancy interval after the first spontaneous abortion has an effect on reproductive performance of women in their next pregnancy. METHOD: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 4,619 women with history of spontaneous abortion in their first pregnancy. Of them 2,422 (52.4 %) conceived within 6 months of ...

Abstract Objective Abnormal umbilical artery blood flow has been implicated in pregnancy complications and fetal demise. Its relation to histopathological changes in the placenta and to maternal or fetal thrombophilia is less well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between umbilical artery Doppler findings, placental ...

Abstract Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the hypotheses that adolescent and young adult pregnancy test takers are at increased risk for unsafe sex, oral contraception (OC) nonadherence, and higher pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates. Methods: We conducted secondary analyses using data collected for a study on ...

Abstract Objective: To investigate the association of epidemiological and pregnancy-related parameters with the latency period achieved in cases of PPROM.Methods: A retrospective study was performed enrolling cases admitted in High Risk Pregnancy Unit (HRPU) with PPROM between 24 + 0 and 36 + 6 gestational week during 2002-2011. Cases with vaginal bleeding at admission, ...

INTRODUCTION: Normal pregnancy is associated with hypercoagulable state. Elevated markers of coagulation and fibrinolytic system activation indicate increased thrombin activity and increased fibrinolysis following fibrin formation throughout pregnancy. These changes exceed the biological variability in most cases. Haemostatic reference intervals are generally based on samples from non-pregnant women. Thus, they ...

: To estimate weather contraceptive failure rates among combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP), patch, and vaginal ring users was associated with increasing body mass index (BMI). : Females enrolled in a large contraceptive study offering the reversible method of their choice at no cost were followed-up for 2-3 years. We ...

BACKGROUND:: High carbohydrate intake has been linked to insulin resistance, obesity, and abnormal serum lipid profiles-conditions which favor gallstone formation. GOALS:: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary carbohydrate intake on incident gallbladder disease, defined as biliary sludge and stones, during pregnancy. STUDY:: We prospectively ...

Emerging evidence has suggested that folic acid-containing multivitamins may markedly reduce the risk of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. We examined whether maternal supplementation with folic acid alone during early pregnancy can prevent the occurrence of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. The data are from a large population-based cohort study established to ...

OBJECTIVE:To determine the impact of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnancy on young child development.METHODS:A 2-year follow-up of 850 children born to women who participated in a double-blind cluster randomized controlled trial of prenatal micronutrient supplementation in western rural China. These women were randomly assigned to receive either daily folic ...

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of placental weight and placental weight/birthweight ratio with gestational age specific fetal death. DESIGN: Population-based study. Setting. Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Population. All singleton births in Norway, 1999-2008 (n=534 892) METHODS: Gestational age specific quartiles of placental weight and placental weight/birthweight ratio were estimated, ...

Multiple artificial inseminations (AI) are used in swine to compensate for variation in time of ovulation and following each insemination, a uterine immune response occurs to remove dead and damaged sperm. There are more dead and damaged sperm inseminated with use of frozen-thawed-semen (FTS) and closer insemination intervals are required ...

OBJECTIVES: Magnesium deficiency in pregnancy is frequent, and in consequence magnesium supplementation is widely used. As magnesium crosses the placental barrier and since the fetal kidney does not excrete magnesium as efficiently as the mature kidney, effects on fetal cardiac time intervals are probable, but still unknown. STUDY DESIGN: Sixty ...

Background: Hepatoblastoma is a rare childhood liver cancer with an obscure etiology, however it is potentially associated with selected pregnancy events and hepatoblastoma risk in offspring. Methods: Adjusted unconditional logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for self-reported pregnancy events and medication use in a ...

BACKGROUND: Isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) administration is thought to enhance in the cervical ripening process. We sought to identify the clinical usefulness and safety of IMN administration for shortening the time to termination of the second trimester pregnancy procedures when used in addition to misoprostol. STUDY DESIGN: Women were randomly selected ...

Abstract Background: Accurate assessment of thyroid status during pregnancy is vital for maternal and fetal health. Because free T4 (FT4) values in pregnancy vary widely between methods, assessment of total thyroxine (TT4) and free T4 index (FT4I) may be superior to FT4 in pregnant women. However, trimester-specific reference intervals for ...

Fetal distress is an emergency condition requiring rapid caesarean delivery. Hence, it has been recommended that the decision-to-delivery interval should be within 30 mins. Many previous studies have failed to show any improved outcome with short decision-to-delivery interval. The reasons are (1) most of these studies were of small scale and ...

BACKGROUND: The study evaluated effects of interpregnancy interval (IPI) on neonatal outcomes after mifepristone-induced abortion in the first pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: This observational cohort study, conducted from 1998 to 2001 at antenatal clinics in Shanghai, Beijing, and Chengdu, China, included 4682 nulliparous women with one mifepristone-induced abortion in their first ...

Malaria in pregnancy is associated with substantial risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The uptake of preventive antimalarials is low in malaria endemic countries, including Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional study design, we assessed factors associated with uptake and adherence to intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) ...

This study aimed to prospectively examine the impact of chronic vs pregnancy-onset habitual snoring on gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes. Third-trimester pregnant women were recruited from a large, tertiary medical center from March 2007 through December 2010 and screened for the presence and duration of habitual snoring, as a ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether maternal hypertension in pregnancy was independently associated with additional support needs in children. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study using linkage of birth records of all singleton deliveries occurring in primigravidae between 1995 and 2008 in Aberdeen Maternity and Neonatal Databank with the Support Needs System (SNS) ...

: Intestinal transplantation is a relatively new form of therapy for short gut syndrome. Pregnancy after intestinal transplantation is rare. : A 26-year-old small bowel transplant recipient presented for prenatal care. She previously had undergone bariatric surgery and later experienced small bowel necrosis and resection. The resulting short gut syndrome ...

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are commonly prescribed for epilepsy and bipolar disorder but little is known about their use in pregnancy. We examined secular trends in AED prescribing in pregnancy and pregnancy as a determinant for stopping AED prescribing. We identified 174,055 pregnancies from The Health Improvement Network UK primary care ...

Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency is a rare X-linked disorder in which female carriers are usually heterozygous for the ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency gene. In pregnancy it has been associated with altered mental status, seizures, coma and death, especially in the postpartum period. We report the management of labor and delivery in two ...

Massive small bowel infarction in pregnancy is rare but has devastating complications. Diagnosis is difficult because pregnancy masks the symptoms. Our aim was to assess risk factors and outcomes of massive resection associated with pregnancy. We conducted a review of nine patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) secondary to massive ...

It is well-established that psychological stress promotes immune dysregulation in nonpregnant humans and animals. Stress promotes inflammation, impairs antibody responses to vaccination, slows wound healing, and suppresses cell-mediated immune function. Importantly, the immune system changes substantially to support healthy pregnancy, with attenuation of inflammatory responses and impairment of cell-mediated immunity. ...

To describe the association between ultrasound-based determination of fetal head station and clinical assessment of cervical dilatation during active labor. From 427 women with singleton uncomplicated term pregnancies we obtained, during the active phase of labor, 907 pairs of measurements. Fetal head station and position were determined using the LaborPro ...

We summarize the literature on rates of multiple paternity and sire numbers per clutch in viviparous fishes vs. mammals, two vertebrate groups in which pregnancy is common but entails very different numbers of embryos (for species surveyed, piscine broods averaged >10-fold larger than mammalian litters). As deduced from genetic parentage ...

Assisted hatching (AH) is a manipulation of zona pellucida aiming to facilitate embryo implantation. Systematic review and meta-analysis of medical literature was used to evaluate the effect of AH on assisted reproduction outcomes: clinical pregnancy, live birth, multiple pregnancy and miscarriage. Additional analysis was performed in these subgroups: (i) fresh ...

The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development sponsored a 2-day workshop to assess the body of evidence on pregnancy in women with physical disabilities, identify gaps in knowledge, and formulate recommendations for further research. A multidisciplinary group of experts discussed available data on pregnancy outcomes ...

Please cite this paper as: Finkelsztejn A, Brooks J, Paschoal F, Fragoso Y. What can we really tell women with multiple sclerosis regarding pregnancy? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. BJOG 2011; DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.02931.x. Background  Although several papers report on pregnancy and multiple sclerosis (MS), no systematic review ...

Abortion and preterm birth of foals are major reasons for reproductive losses in the horse. Risk pregnancies require close supervision so that adequate treatment can be initiated in time. The aim of this study was to determine normal values in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) of the ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer on ectopic pregnancy (EP) rate. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Japanese registry of assisted reproductive medicine. PATIENT(S): Women who were registered during 2008. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Rates of live birth, EP, and spontaneous abortion in single blastocyst and cleavage-stage ET ...

To evaluate clinical outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles when one or two blastocysts are transferred. Retrospective chart review Two hundred forty-three frozen blastocyst transfer (FBT) cycles were analyzed. Clinical pregnancy rate (50.4% vs. 34.7%), live birth rate (45.8% vs. 30.6%), and twin live birth rate (19.3% vs. 0) were ...

Objective: It has been well-documented that the use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) increases the risk for multiple births, which are associated with sub-optimal outcomes for pregnant women and their offspring. The occurrence of multiple births due to infertility treatments has been recognized as a significant problem globally, and a ...

Background: Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are advised to discontinue interferon-beta therapy before trying to conceive. Unplanned pregnancies occur and risks related to exposure remain unclear. Methods: To determine pregnancy outcomes following interferon-beta therapy, we examined pregnancies from a global drug safety database containing individual case safety reports received in ...

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) and normal intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) serum proteomes were quantitatively compared to systematically identify candidate biomarkers. A 3-D biomarker discovery strategy consisting of abundant protein immunodepletion, SDS gels, LC-MS/MS, and label-free quantitation of MS signal intensities identified 70 candidate biomarkers with differences between groups greater than 2.5-fold. Further ...

BACKGROUND: Fetal microchimerism (F-MC), the persistence of fetal cells in the mother, is frequently encountered following pregnancy. The high prevalence of F-MC in autoimmune disease prompts consideration of the role for immune tolerance and regulation. This study examines the association between F-MC and multiple sclerosis (MS), an autoimmune disorder, of ...

Sow productivity has a significant economic impact on the swine industry and is influenced by several factors, including preweaning piglet mortality. In Western breeds, low birth weight piglets exhibit the greatest susceptibility to preweaning mortality. In contrast, Meishan (MS) piglets have decreased birth weights but lower preweaning mortality rates, suggesting ...

We sought to evaluate a conservative treatment modality, angiographic uterine artery embolization (UAE) followed by immediate curettage, in the treatment of cervical pregnancy. Sixteen patients with cervical pregnancy were first treated by UAE to control or prevent vaginal bleeding. Curettage of cervical canal was performed immediately after UAE to remove ...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is often diagnosed among women of childbearing age. This article reviews how MS affects pregnancy and provides information for health care providers who care for women with this disorder. Women with MS need to be informed regarding how the disease will affect their reproductive health. The disease ...

Background. Small bowel ischemia due to superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT) is rare during pregnancy. However, additional precipitating factors should usually be identified. Case. A 31-year-old woman, pregnant at 34 weeks, was sent to the emergency department because of acute peritonitis. An emergency exploration revealed a segmental gangrene of the ...

The combination of thrombophilia and pregnancy increases the risk of thrombosis and the potential for adverse outcomes during pregnancy. The most significant common inherited risk factor for thrombophilia is activated protein C resistance (APCR), a poor anticoagulant response of APC in haemostasis, which is mainly caused by an inherited single-nucleotide ...

Recent data have indicated a relationship between placental oxygen and angiogenic protein levels in the first trimester of normal pregnancies. Our objective was to investigate if maternal serum levels of angiogenic factors Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1 (sFlt-1), soluble Endoglin and placental growth factor (PlGF) are altered ...