The aim of the experiment was to assess whether the membrane excitability of flexor cervical and/or lumbar motoneurons is related to hypnotic susceptibility (measured with the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form A) and hypnosis. During the experimental sessions, hypnotized subjects were given only suggestions of relaxation (neutral hypnosis) while awake ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether high-risk patients manifest cervical length < 25 mm on transvaginal ultrasound before 14 weeks of gestation, and if this finding is predictive of preterm delivery. METHODS: Asymptomatic pregnancies at high risk for preterm birth were followed prospectively from 10 + 0 weeks to 13 + 6 ...

Uterine contractions, decidual activation, and cervical competence comprise the fundamental components in contemporary models of the spontaneous preterm birth syndrome, but their relative importance and interactive pathways remain poorly defined. Moreover, the traditional concept that the cervix is either competent or incompetent has been challenged because cervical competence more likely ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare cervical length measurements obtained at 11 to 14 weeks and 22 to 24 weeks of gestation in an unselected group of pregnant women and to correlate the measurements with time of delivery. METHODS: This was a prospective study involving 529 pregnant women attending for routine antenatal care ...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of low dose misoprostol as a ripening agent compared to the widely used balloon catheter in developing countries is undetermined. OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and efficacy of a low dose intravaginal misoprostol and intracervical Foley's catheter for cervical ripening. DESIGN: A prospective randomized controlled ...

Cervical incompetence is defined as the inability to support a full-term pregnancy because of a functional or structural defect of the cervix. It is characterized clinically by acute, painless dilatation of the cervix usually in the mid-trimester culminating in prolapse and/or premature rupture of the membranes with resultant preterm and ...

Cervical dilatation is an essential indicator of the progress of labour and it is assessed several times during every vaginal delivery. For a long period of time, the size of the error in cervical dilatation assessment was considered of no importance and only in the last ten years it was ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the appropriate time during gestation for assessing the cervix for possible incompetence by ascertaining the gestational week at which the sac reaches the level of the internal os. METHODS: Three hundred and eighteen women with an intact singleton pregnancy at 5 to 15 weeks' gestation underwent endovaginal ...

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of cervical heterotopic pregnancy after IVF-ET treatment. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Private IVF center. PATIENT(S): A woman who had undergone controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection-ET for primary male factor infertility. INTERVENTION(S): Resection of cervical heterotopic pregnancy by hysteroscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Successful treatment ...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence and timing of cervical cerclage placement in multiple gestations. METHODS: Our perinatal database was queried for all multiple gestations delivered at Evanston Hospital from 12/95 through 12/00. This list was then cross-matched with billing and medical records for 'incompetent cervix' and 'cerclage.' The medical records ...

A case of cervical pregnancy after curettage for presumptive intrauterine blighted ovum is presented. The woman was successfully treated by vacuum evacuation and curettage. A 29-year-old woman, gravida 2, nulliparous, was admitted to our department at ten weeks and two days of gestation after a diagnosis of cervical pregnancy. She ...

A CT study was performed on 8 foetuses aged between 20 and 38 weeks. In foetuses at the 20th week the semicircular canals, the spiral canal of the cochlea and the initial (labyrinthine) part of the facial canal are visible. At week 24 the tympanic part of the facial canal ...

Abortion and conization of the cervix is the treatment of choice for patients with preinvasive cervical carcinoma combined with first-term pregnancy. With the second and third term, the pregnancy is led to delivery and a secondary examination is carried out. In case of preienvasive carcinoma only conization of the cervix ...

Nitric oxide (NO) is a major paracrine mediator and important regulatory agent in various female reproductive processes, such as ovulation, implantation, pregnancy maintenance, labor and delivery. Ovulation: Circulating NO-products are increased during follicle development and decreased right after ovulation. INOS-inhibition results in a 50% reduction of ovulation, an effect completely ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Breast carcinoma, cervical dysplasia and cervical carcinoma are some of the most common forms of precancerous and malignant changes seen in pregnancy due to their prevalence in reproductive age women. The impact of pregnancy on these diseases is complex and needs to be carefully considered for appropriate ...

Cervical pregnancy is an uncommon life threatening form of ectopic pregnancy that is associated with the unexpected occurrence of uncontrollable haemorrhage from the cervix. To avoid hysterectomy and to maintain fertility, several conservative methods of termination have been used. We present herein, one such case which relates to a young ...

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine the accuracy of cervical length and funneling of the internal os in the prediction of the spontaneous very preterm birth of twin pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective study at 13 centers, routine transvaginal ultrasound scanning was used to examine 251 women with twin ...

Lanyard chains are commonly worn around the neck to hold keys and identification badges. A ten-year-old Black male child was home alone jumping and swinging of the raised crossbars on his mother's four-poster bed. He commonly did this. He also wore a lanyard around his neck with his house key, ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of pregnancy after transabdominal cerclage versus after transvaginal cerclage in patients with a failed transvaginal cerclage during a previous pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched in English. We included studies that reported perinatal and/or maternal outcomes in ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy and safety of intracervical PGE(2) gel (Prepidil) with intravaginal PGE(2) insert (Propess) in cervical ripening and induction of labour. STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective analysis of patients with single pregnancies, intact membranes and a viable fetus who required cervical ripening. In the first half ...

BACKGROUND: Twin pregnancies are at increased risk of preterm delivery, and cervical length measurement by transvaginal ultrasound examination has been shown to be an effective method of screening for this complication. The aim of the present study is to establish a reference range for cervical length measurement throughout gestation in ...

OBJECTIVE: Understanding the physiology of the uterus and cervix during term and preterm parturition is crucial for developing methods to control their function and is essential to solving clinical problems related to labor. To date, only crude, inaccurate, and subjective methods are used to assess changes in uterine and cervical ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of ultrasound surveillance after cerclage placement and to propose a rationale for cervical sonography in this setting. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of 53 women undergoing cervical cerclage by a maternal-fetal medicine specialist, regardless of indication, ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare cervical length measurements in twin pregnancies obtained from patients in the recumbent and standing positions. METHODS: Fifty women with uncomplicated twin pregnancies underwent monthly transvaginal ultrasound examinations for cervical length measurement in the recumbent and standing positions. The correlation between cervical length measurements obtained in the recumbent ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare management with prophylactic cerclage versus serial transvaginal sonograms of the cervix in patients with prior second-trimester loss. STUDY DESIGN: Singleton pregnancies with prior second-trimester spontaneous loss between 14 and 24 weeks' gestation were retrospectively reviewed. At the obstetricians' discretion, some were managed with prophylactic cerclage and some ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the evolution of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and to evaluate the safety of cytological and colposcopical surveillance of women with CIN during pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-eight women with antenatal cytological and/or colposcopical impression of CIN were followed up during pregnancy with cytology and colposcopy every 2 months. ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess cases of ultrasound-indicated cervical cerclage and to relate preoperative cervical length, operative findings, postoperative cervical length, and pregnancy outcome to establish the appropriate criteria to offer cervical cerclage. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective observational study comprised 380 women at high risk of ...

The present study aimed to determine a reliable tool to estimate the interval time to delivery in assisted conception twin pregnancies. Mid-gestation cervical length was prospectively measured using transvaginal sonography (TVS) during routine antenatal care. Fifty-seven of 101 suitable women were longitudinally followed and two TVS measurements of their cervical ...

A 32-year-old woman who had a history of abruptio placentae and cesarean section with her first pregnancy experienced vaginal hemorrhage 6 weeks after her last menstrual period. Clinical examination and ultrasound findings were consistent with cervical ectopic pregnancy. The gestation was hysteroscopically resected with the aid of the rollerbar.

OBJECTIVE: To determine if subspecialty review of cervical histology improves diagnostic consensus of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). METHODS: After routine histologic assessment within the hospital pathology department, 119 colposcopic cervical biopsies were interpreted by two subspecialty-trained gynecologic pathologists (GYN I and GYN II) blinded to each other's interpretations and to ...

OBJECTIVE: Women with multifetal pregnancies are at increased risk of preterm labor and delivery compared with singleton pregnancies. Presentation with advanced cervical dilatation of 3-4 cm is generally regarded as being in the midst of the first stage of labor. The purpose of this report is to present our experience ...

To investigate the influence of abnormal cervical pap smear undertaken in pregnancy to the outcome of the pregnancy. A total of 1 069 primipara deliveried in Beijing Chaoyang hospital from Jan 1999 to May 2001 were reviewed, furthermore we compared the group of normal pap smear (group A) with the ...

OBJECTIVE: To establish whether cervical length is a predictor of spontaneous preterm delivery at < or = 32 weeks in triplet pregnancies. METHODS: This was a case-control study of all triplet pregnancies followed with more than three sonographic assessments of cervical length at 4-week intervals from 1995 to 2000. Cervical ...

The rigid cervical collar has been a great addition to the successful management of cervical spine injuries. But the collar has been known to offer a false sense of security in terms of totally preventing additional and further spinal cord compromise and damage. Also, with increased length of collar wear, ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a strategy for the identification of patients with multiple gestations who are at low risk for preterm delivery. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective observational study among patients with twin and triplet gestations. At 20 and 24 weeks of gestation, screening for bacterial ...

To clarify the clinical significance of uterine cervical cytology during pregnancy, we analyzed the incidence of cervical cytology and its accuracy. Of the 1,593 pregnant women underwent cervical cytology, the patients with abnormal cytology were followed up and performed histological confirmation on colposcopic biopsy specimen. An incidence of abnormal cytology ...

Lifting and thrusting with reducing method at acupoint Huatuojiaji (Extra 21) of the affected side was performed to make the limb of the affected side contract involuntarily 1-2 times in 53 cases with cervical spondylopathy. The maneuver produced a much better total effective rate than the routine maneuver (P < ...

OBJECTIVE: The Billings ovulation method (BOM) is a medical model of a natural procreation education method based on scientific observation of the changes in the cervical mucus. In this study we examined Turkish women's interest in accurate usage of cervical mucus changes in determining the ovulation time. METHOD: Fifteen regularly ...

INTRODUCTION: Malignancy complicates about 1 in 1000 pregnancies and is the second leading cause of death in women of reproductive age. Commonly diagnosed malignancies during pregnancy include breast cancer, cervical carcinoma, melanoma and lymphoma. Chemotherapy is usually necessary for optimal treatment, especially in patients with leukaemia and lymphoma. Concerns arise ...

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: An increasing incidence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) has been observed among young women. Consequently, an increased number of cases are being discovered during pregnancy. We analyzed the clinical and therapeutic management of HSIL during pregnancy. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted from 1979 to 1998, ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare pregnancy outcome after elective vs. ultrasound-indicated cervical cerclage in women at high risk of spontaneous mid-trimester loss or early preterm birth. METHODS: This was a retrospective study comparing two management strategies in women with singleton pregnancies who had at least one previous spontaneous delivery at 16-33 weeks ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate possible mechanisms and morphologic changes involved in nitric oxide-induced cervical ripening. STUDY DESIGN: Women scheduled for surgical termination of first trimester pregnancy were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: isosorbide 5-mononitrate 40 mg 4 hours or 10 hours before the operation ...

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the impact of cerclage placement on obstetric outcome in twin gestations with a shortened cervical length. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort study of 147 consecutive twin pregnancies (July 1994 to March 2001) who underwent transvaginal ultrasonographic cervical length measurement between 18 and 26 weeks' ...

Preterm birth following cervical dilatation is the greatest threat to infants of a multiple pregnancy. Lacking reliable data concerning the effect of prophylactic cerclage, we compared a study group to controls for maternal and perinatal outcome. Sixteen of 94 triplet-, 9 of 18 quadruplet/quintuplet-pregnancies, treated with prophylactic cerclage, were retrospectively ...

The authors presented a case of a 30-year tertigravidar women with unrecognized cervical pregnancy, treated by suction curettage and cervicovaginal tamponade. In our case of unrecognized cervical pregnancy, during hysterometry and cervical dilatation occured uterine bleeding and clinical pictures of obstetrics hemorrhagic shock, so we continued with suction curettage and ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between cervical length and gestational age in normal pregnancy in nulliparous versus parous women. METHODS: We studied a cross-sectional sample of 321 pregnant women, including 185 nulliparous and 136 multiparous women. The inclusion criteria were sonographic confirmation of gestational age within the 12th week, the ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the outcomes and risk factors associated with the second trimester sonographic findings of premature dilation of the internal cervical os, prolapse of the membranes into the endocervical canal and shortening of the distal segment. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review to identify patients who met the following criteria: ...

REASON FOR STUDY: To determine if there is a safe and effective treatment for cervical pregnancy. MAIN FINDINGS: There is no study presently which shows whether the medical vs surgical vs medical and surgical treatment combined for cervical pregnancy is more efficient. Continued studies are necessary to validate any treatment ...

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to evaluate the use of cervical suture in cervical pregnancy. METHODS AND RESULTS: All cases of cervical pregnancy diagnosed and treated in the gynaecological department at the Sheba Medical Center between 1994-2000 were included in the study. Eight such cases were diagnosed. The first four cases ...

BACKGROUND: We present a case of primary infertility related to extreme cervical stenosis, a subset of cervical factor infertility which accounts for approximately 5% of all clinical infertility referrals. CASE PRESENTATION: A 37 year-old nulligravida was successfully treated with ovulation induction via recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and direct intraperitoneal ...