AIMS: Adenosine triphosphate sensitive potassium (KATP ) channel activity is cardioprotective during ischemia. One of the purported mechanisms for sulfonylurea adverse effects is through inhibition of these channels. The purpose of this study is to examine whether patients using KATP channel inhibitors at the time of an acute coronary syndrome ...

OBJECTIVE:: The role of systemic corticosteroids in pathophysiology and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome is controversial. Use of prehospital systemic corticosteroid therapy may prevent the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome and improve hospital outcomes. DESIGN:: This is a preplanned retrospective subgroup analysis of the prospectively identified cohort from ...

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of metabolic syndrome with endometrial cancer. A systematic literature search of electronic databases (Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge and Scopus) was conducted and complemented by cross-referencing to identify studies published before 31 January 2013. Core items of identified studies were ...

Chromosome instability syndromes (CIS) are autosomal recessive genetic disorders associated with defects in cell cycle regulation following DNA damage. Although most of the proteins involved in these syndromes have been identified as part of the MRN complex, little is known about their physiological functions and their interactions with other molecules ...

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the empirical evidence on the association of metabolic syndrome and its components with colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. A systematic literature search of multiple electronic databases was conducted and complemented by cross-referencing to identify studies published before 31 October 2012. Every included ...

Context:Low serum calcidiol has been associated with multiple co-morbidities and mortality but no "safe" range has been found for the upper concentration.Objective:To establish the upper threshold of serum calcidiol, beyond which there is an increased risk for acute coronary syndrome and/or mortality.Design, Setting, and Participants:We extracted data for 1,282,822 Clalit ...

The prevalence of vascular risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and restless legs syndrome increases with age. Prior studies analyzing the associations between vascular risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and restless legs syndrome found controversial results. We therefore aim to evaluate the associations between prevalent vascular risk factors, prevalent cardiovascular disease, and restless ...

Background and study aims: Patients with Lynch syndrome may develop colorectal cancer (CRC), despite intensive colonoscopic surveillance. Nonpolypoid colorectal neoplasms might be a major contributor to the occurrence of these cancers. The aim of this case - control study was to compare the endoscopic appearance of colorectal neoplasms between patients ...

PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC-1), cystathionine b-synthase (CBS), two key genes in folate metabolism, and the risk of Down syndrome in China. METHODS: Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral lymphocytes of 104 mothers born children with Down syndrome and 184 ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colorectal cancers (CRC) with microsatellite instability (MSI) and a mismatch repair (MMR) deficit without hypermethylation of the MLH1 promoter are likely to be caused by Lynch syndrome. Some patients with these cancers have not been found to have pathogenic germline mutations, and are considered to have Lynch-like ...

Background:  Obesity is commonly assessed by body mass index (BMI) of which limitations come from an inability to distinguish body fat mass from lean mass. Several anthropometric measurements, including BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and waist-to-hip ratio have been used to predict metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was ...

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been rising worldwide, including in China, but knowledge on specific genetic determinants of metabolic syndrome is very limited. A number of studies have reported that polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene are associated with metabolic syndrome in Chinese Han populations. However, data is still conflicting. ...

Chemotherapeutic induction of radiation recall (RR) is a rare event in which a chemotherapeutic agent given days to years after radiation therapy causes an inflammation reaction of the tissues within the irradiated area-"recalling" increased radiation effects to that area. In this unique case, a 14-year-old girl with a synovial sarcoma ...

The concordance of the late night salivary cortisol (LNSC) results with the 24-h urine-free cortisol (UFC) results in the biochemical screening for Cushing's syndrome is unknown. We investigated this in a population of Cushing's syndrome subjects. We used meta-analytic methods to pool proportions of LNSC-positive subjects from diagnostic evaluations of ...

Studies suggest an association between a high TSH and (individual components of) the metabolic syndrome. Only a few studies have been performed in the general older population. This study investigates the association between serum TSH and the metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of older persons in The Netherlands. Data ...

Background: The nephrotic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. There are little published data on the distribution, interpretation or determinants of serum D-dimer levels in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. We aimed to describe this relationship. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 100 ...

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women aged 35 to 65 years and to identify associated factors. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. We randomly selected 581 women (aged 35-65 y) from among those enrolled in a family health program in ...

Background/ Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been proposed to contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD) independently of traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. We hypothesized that NAFLD is associated with CKD and that greater severity of NAFLD is associated with higher odds of CKD. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 11,469 ...

: We aimed to simultaneously evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection diagnosed histologically and serologically in a large number of healthy Korean adults. : Serological positivity for HP does not necessarily indicate current infection. No study to date has compared the association between metabolic syndrome ...

AIMS: Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors. Asian Indians, particularly women, have been reported to be at higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its selected known determinants among adult Asian Indian women of lower socioeconomic status. METHODS: ...

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to determine the ability of glycated hemoglobin (GHb) to predict metabolic syndrome in an Iranian population with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods: A cross-sectional study of first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with type 2 diabetes was conducted from 2003 to 2005. A ...

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effect of shift work on developing the metabolic syndrome by comparing groups of exposed and unexposed Iranian drivers. METHODS: We considered as night-shift drivers those drivers whose shifts included at least 15 h per week between 9:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. Daytime drivers were defined ...

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively examine the independent and combined effect of occupational physical activity and metabolic syndrome on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a large population-based cohort. METHODS: Data on 37 300 men and women participating in the Norwegian HUNT Study (1995-1997) were linked with the Cause of Death Registry at ...

BACKGROUND: Although sodium disturbances are common in hospitalised patients, no study has specifically investigated the epidemiology of hyponatraemia in patients with crush syndrome. OBJECTIVES: To describe the incidence of hyponatraemia and assess its effect on outcome in patients with crush syndrome during the Wenchuan earthquake. METHODS: A retrospective study was ...

Complete atrioventricular canal defects (CAVC) are a common heart defect, but few epidemiologic studies have evaluated non-syndromic CAVC. Risk factors for non-syndromic CAVC have not been well established. To assess the relationship between risk for non-syndromic CAVC in offspring and several sociodemographic and reproductive parental factors, including maternal diabetes and ...

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is a rare group of inheritable disorders resulting in abnormal collagen production, leading to skin fragility, joint hypermobility and easy bruising. Six major subtypes have been identified, of which Type IV most often leads to neurovascular complications, may lead to inner organ rupture and overall has the worst ...

Boerhaave's syndrome is oesophageal rupture as a result of forceful vomiting or retching against a closed cricopharyngeus. We report the case of an 81-year-old man with oesophageal rupture secondary to volvulus of an intrathoracic stomach who underwent laparotomy with a repair of the oesophageal perforation and intrathoracic stomach, making a ...

A café-au-lait macule (CALM) is an evenly pigmented macule or patch of variable size. Solitary CALMs are common birthmarks in up to 2.5 percent of normal neonates and their incidence rises to up to 25 percent in preschool-aged children. Two or more CALMs occur much less frequently. Multiple lesions may ...

We present a case of Wellens' syndrome together with upright T wave in lead V(1) in a man presenting with atypical chest pain, and we discuss the significance of its prompt recognition by the emergency physicians who are involved in the evaluation of patients with coronary artery disease in emergency ...

BACKGROUND: Autosomal dominant mutations in paired box gene 2 (PAX2), on chromosome 10q24, are responsible for renal coloboma syndrome (RCS). The role of PAX2 in glomerular basement membrane (GBM) formation and maintenance remains unknown. CASE-DIAGNOSIS: We report a case of a 13-year-old Japanese girl who had both optic disk coloboma ...

Treatment strategies for hyponatremia such as hypertonic saline, normal saline with furosemide, urea, fluid restriction and demeclocycline are well established. However, these treatment modalities may themselves be associated with life-threatening complications. An important complication is rapid correction of hyponatremia with its consequent serious neurologic deficits and death. An unrecognized complication ...

Grisel's syndrome is a rare complication of ENT area infections. It consists of a non-traumatic atlantoaxial subluxation after an infectious process. Its characteristic symptom is persistent torticollis despite a resolved infection. The knowledge of this condition helps early diagnosis and treatment. We therefore present the case of a patient with ...

Duane retraction syndrome is known to be associated with numerous ocular and systemic anomalies. The authors describe a 7-year-old child with unilateral Duane retraction syndrome type 1 with bilateral posterior microphthalmos. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported coexistence of Duane retraction syndrome with posterior ...

The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome consists of a group of inherited connective tissue disorders caused by defects in the synthesis of collagen. The vascular type 4 form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (VEDS) is associated with serious vascular complications in young adults, such as the spontaneous rupture of large-caliber and medium-caliber arteries, often without ...

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing disproportionately among the different ethnicities in Asia compared to the rest of the world. This study aims to determine the differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome across ethnicities in Malaysia, a multi-ethnic country. In 2004, we conducted a national cross-sectional population-based study ...

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a rare disorder caused by abnormalities in the synthesis and structure of collagen. The resultant tissue fragility and weakness can lead to multiple surgical conditions. In this report we present the very rare and life threatening case of a massive spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture in a 35-year-old ...

This is a retrospective study of 11 patients, 7 females and 4 males, treated at Our Department for an early onset scoliosis (EOS) associated with rare syndromes with growing spinal implants (Growing Rod or VEPTR-like) from 2006 to 2011. Mean follow-up was 24 months (range, 12 to 36). The mean ...

Fondaparinux is an accepted form of deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis after hip arthroplasty. Cited advantages of its use include once-daily administration, standard dosage, and superiority as compared with enoxaparin. However, there have been several case reports of serious associated bleeding complications. We describe the case of a 77-year-old woman who ...

Tapia's syndrome is a rare complication following cardiac surgery. It includes the extracranial involvement of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the hypoglossal nerve and results in ipsilateral paralysis of the vocal cord and the tongue. It is usually a complication related to anaesthesia and positioning of the head of the ...

Purple toe syndrome is a rarely reported adverse effect of warfarin. In all described cases, the syndrome occurred relatively quickly after initiation of warfarin with little recommendation for treatment in patients needing continued anticoagulation. We encountered a patient who developed purple toes after 1 year of warfarin therapy. The warfarin ...

Gastrointestinal (GI) complications occur in less than 2% of patients undergoing open-heart surgery. Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction, known as Ogilvie's syndrome, is also a rare complication encountered in 0.046% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. It is characterised by massive colonic dilatation without mechanical obstruction in patients with underlying ...

This report presents a five-year-old girl with mucolipidosis Type III disease who had bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome and eight trigger fingers. Bilateral open carpal tunnel release was performed. The trigger fingers were treated with A1 and A3 pulleys release and the ulnar slips of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendons were ...

Venous complications of thoracic outlet syndrome may be related to the position of the arm, underlying venous stenosis or repeated microtrauma of the vein. Correct management involves imaging, anticoagulation and a combination of interventional radiology techniques with or without surgery.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is universally accepted as a potential lifesaving therapy for neonates suffering severe cardiorespiratory failure, with survival reported as 81% weaning off ECMO and 69% to hospital discharge in this population. Although ECMO may reduce mortality in certain neonatal patients, it is associated with significant complications. Air ...

Primary cilia are almost ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells where they function as sensors relaying information either from the extracellular environment or between two compartments of the same cell, such as in the photoreceptor cell. In ciliopathies, a continuously growing class of genetic disorders related to ciliary defects, the modified ...

A 21-year-old Kuwaiti man had cerebral palsy, retinitis pigmentosa, hypertension, and renal failure. His younger brother and sister displayed similar findings. Ocular motility examination disclosed aperiodic alternating skew deviation in the patient and his younger brother. Magnetic resonance imaging showed hypoplasia of the superior cerebellar vermis with a "molar tooth" ...

Patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) experience severe retinal degeneration as a result of impaired photoreceptor transport processes that are not yet fully understood. To date, there is no effective treatment for BBS-associated retinal degeneration, and blindness is imminent by the second decade of life. Here we report the development of ...

Background: Microvascular changes have been associated with the metabolic syndrome. Method: We included 869 participants aged ≥ 40 years from the High-risk for Diabetes Changfeng Study, who had gradable fundus photographs. On digital photographs sum retinal arteriolar and venular calibers were measured with a semi-automated system. Metabolic syndrome was defined ...

We report an 18-year old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), who developed fever, pancytopenia, abdominal pain, and watery diarrhea. Computed tomography (CT) and bone marrow aspirate revealed lupus mesenteric vasculitis (LMV) and hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS). Serologic tests for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) indicated its reactivation. This case demonstrates that ...

This report describes a 68-year-old Chinese man who was diagnosed with Good syndrome 6 years after initial presentation when he underwent thymectomy. He presented with recurrent pneumonia, diarrhoea, weight loss, and visual symptoms. Extensive examination for anaemia and neutropenia was done, yet no conclusive diagnosis could be derived. During his ...