The diagnostic process in a case of dementia associated with physical and emotional dependence is described. The utility of sodium amylobarbitone abreaction is considered. The role of both psychodynamic and organic factors are emphasised in the aetiological work-up. The organic factors discussed include alcohol, sedative tranquillisers, solvents, and metals. The ...

Based on a review of 60 historical cases of dementia infantilis and its synonyms (i.e., Heller's disease, Heller's dementia, Heller's syndrome and disintegrative psychosis) and a report of 2 new cases, the concept and nosology of Heller's syndrome, the most appropriate generic name for such conditions, were studied. In the ...

Some clinical aspects of the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and the nosologic classification of the dementia syndrome are presented. In discussing the definition of the dementia syndrome and its differentation from other organic brain syndromes, the criteria of DSM III are taken into account. Considering the nosological classification of the dementia ...

The effects of the specific serotonin2 antagonist ketanserin on the persistent lateral head shakes, vertical neck dyskinesia, and the random circling behaviors induced by iminodipropionitrile were evaluated. Ketanserin inhibited all these aspects of the behavioral syndrome at all doses tested. These results add further evidence for the involvement of the ...

Nutrition is a major problem for the Rett patient. We have studied 21 girls with Rett syndrome (19 typical, two atypical). We report our experience in this population with the nutritional aspects of Rett syndrome, the typical dietary habits, and various nutritional deficiencies. Further experience with the use of high ...

To clarify the circadian aspects of delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) in 4 patients with DSPS, we recorded polysomnograms and rectal temperature before and after chronotherapy. The time interval (2.7 h) between sleep onset and rectal temperature minimum before chronotherapy was shorter than the time interval after chronotherapy (5.3 h). ...

Dementia is an acquired impairment of intellect produced by brain dysfunction. In the past, dementia was regarded as inevitably chronic, progressive and irreversible. More recently dementia has been viewed as a clinical syndrome that may be produced by both irreversible and reversible conditions. Recognition of the presence of a dementia ...

Subcortical dementia refers to a clinical syndrome characterised by slowing of cognition, memory disturbances, difficulty with complex intellectual tasks such as strategy generation and problem solving, visuospatial abnormalities, and disturbances of mood and affect. The syndrome was first described by Kinnier Wilson, but further progress in development of the concept ...

A patient complaining of dizziness, deafness, and tinnitus often brings a feeling of despondency to the doctor. Together the symptoms may arise from Ménière's syndrome, a condition that eludes firm diagnosis, is without known cause, and cannot yet be cured. Consequently, discussion and disagreement about the disease is common and ...

The incorporation of a cast round clasp into the RPA design has been presented. When properly used, the cast round clasp eliminates the need for blockout of the facial aspect of the terminal abutment normally required with the half-round clasp. This technique includes surveying the refractory cast, which ensures optimal ...

The author found that DSM-III criteria were generally applicable to the diagnoses of a series of new and repeat outpatients studied under field conditions in Botswana, a developing African country. Some problems were encountered, however, with axis II, which was not commonly used. Other clinical aspects of the patients are ...

In the hope of discovering simple disease entities that could permit specific treatment, much effort is currently directed toward the operationalization of psychopathological syndromes. As a necessary supplement to these endeavors, the pathophysiological aspect is emphasized in this study. The nonspecificity of pathophysiological mechanisms with reference to psychiatric syndromes is ...

A sample of 161 schizophrenic and depressive patients were interviewed in a Stockholm hospital to find out whether the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale construction carried out by Maurer et al. [Int. Pharmacopsychiat. 17: 338-353, 1982] and valid for German-speaking areas could be reproduced with a Swedish-speaking sample. Only the superimposed ...

Dementia is a clinical syndrome with reversible and irreversible causes. The differential diagnosis of treatable dementias includes reversible intracranial conditions, systemic disorders, intoxications, and depression. The major obstacles to recognition of treatable dementias are the overdiagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and the incorrect assumption that dementia is an expected development of ...

A syndrome is described in three elderly women who all suffered from cerebral arteriosclerosis, and who in their dependent condition were looked after by their daughters. These women accepted their daughters as their daughters when carrying out directly caring tasks related to them, but spoke of them and addressed them ...

Eight patients with crush syndrome were treated in our department during the Lebanon War, 1982. They arrived after having been trapped under fallen masonry for 4 to 28 h. They all had injuries of the lower limbs, with neurological deficiency and myoglobinuria. The local and general aspects of the syndrome ...

To study the pathogenesis of tropical splenomegaly syndrome, we compared immunologic findings in patients from Flores, Indonesia, with those obtained in local residents without splenomegaly and in controls. Villagers with tropical splenomegaly syndrome had markedly elevated levels of total IgM, higher titers of IgM antibodies to Plasmodium vivax, and reduced ...

The impingement syndrome is an important source of shoulder pain that occurs when the bony and soft-tissue structures of the superior aspect of the shoulder encroach upon the coracoacromial ligamentous arch during abduction of the arm. Subacromial bursitis, bicipital tendinitis, and rotator cuff disruptions are common sequelae of this abnormality. ...

The details of the various clinical syndromes are presented in the text, with further expansion by the various references. I attempted to summarize these in Tables 1 and 2. As in all aspects of medicine, the ultimate disease problem is a blend of various factors. Probably no single syndrome can ...

In clinical perception, the syndrome has evolved from a neuropsychiatric disorder to a medical disease with an anatomic basis. Still unanswered is whether the autonomic and adrenergic dysfunctions that occur in some patients are an intrinsic part of the syndrome or of an unrelated anxiety neurosis. Pending clarification, both medical ...

A systematic review of the more than 2,000 genetic loci of man cataloged by McKusick indicated that approximately 7% may play a role in modulating the rates of development of various aspects of the senescent phenotype. Assuming an upper limit of about 100,000 loci in man, numerous alleles at approximately ...

An antivenom to the Sydney Funnel-web Spider, Atrax robustus, developed in rabbits, passed exhaustive quality control studies and was subsequently tested in monkeys. It was shown to reverse the syndrome that follows envenomation in both a conscious unmonitored monkey and in two anaesthetised, monitored monkeys. This paper reports the results ...

The emergence of tropical splenomegaly syndrome as a distinct entity in tropical medical practice has been briefly described, together with its link with malaria. The clinical and haematological aspects of the syndrome have been reviewed with some emphasis on local experience. No attempt has been made to give details of ...

Literature was critically reviewed on the grounds of the ultrastructural and clinical observations made on three subjects carriers of Kartagener's syndrome. The relationship between the various ultrastructural aspects (lack of dynein arms and casual orientation of the central microtubular doublet) and the clinical evidence elicited in all the sites lined ...

Unlike females, the endocrine gonadic syndrome in males usually accompanies the disorders of the excreting apparatus. Interpretation of the lesions as uro-genital tuberculosis has been commonly accepted in practice. Researches carried out in males, much fewer than in females, have showed a number of particular aspects of the syndrome. This ...

Massive splenomegaly is common in Northern Zambia. Nearly 40% of 344 patients were diagnosed as Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome of malarial origin. Portal hypertension, lymphoreticular and haemopoietic malignancies, and schistosomiasis accounted for another 46%. The common causes of splenomegaly show differences of frequency within Zambia and also between Zambia and other ...

The Mini-Mult and 16PF-E were administered to a heterogeneous sample of 216 clients. Several multivariate analyses were conducted to specify the common and unique information that these two brief instruments generate. While the 16PF-E provides a global estimate of the client's overall level of emotional adjustment, as well as information ...

In a discussion of two reviews of the literature on borderline conditions by Liebowitz (1979) and Rieder (1979), the author briefly describes his own research on clinical aspects of the borderline syndrome. Each of the investigators involved in the study of borderline conditions seems to have his own theoretical position ...

The authors present a clinical study on twenty six cases of a painful syndrome affecting the distal quadriceps tendon complex, popularly known as "jumper's knee". They review the diagnostic aspects and discuss the treatment. In particular, they suggest a surgical approach that is not limited to the inflammatory or degenerative ...

The response of the venous hum of the Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome (CBS) to respiration, the cardiac cycle, and changes in posture is not predictable. The Valsalva maneuver may result in an increase in intensity of the hum rather than a decrease. The Cruveilhier-Baumgarten venous hum (CBH) is virtually diagnostic of portal ...

We studied the cognitive and communicative deterioration of two patients who were treated by maintenance dialysis and developed a fatal progressive encephalopathy, "dialysis dementia." Detailed language, speech, and psychological evaluations support the contention that this neurologic syndrome is in fact a dementia. Stuttering and intermittent mutism characterize the disorder and ...

A focal aphasic syndrome was the first and outstanding manifestation of a degenerative, presenile dementia in a 67 year old man. Computerised axial tomography showed a strikingly dilated left Sylvian fissure--particularly in its posterior aspect--in the presence of moderate diffuse cortical atrophy. The radiographic findings correlated well with the clinical ...

Koro is a syndrome consisting of fears that the male organ is withdrawing into the abdominal cavity and ultimately this will lead to death. The syndrome is observed among inhabitants of South East Asia and seems to be extremely rare outside that geographical area. In this paper one case of ...

The effects of total (T-NSB) and subtotal (S-NSB) destruction of the nigrostriatal bundle were compared with the effects of large lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions on various aspects of the lateral hypothalamic syndrome. The T-NSB and LH lesions produced equivalent decreases in caudate and telencephalic contents of dopamine and norepinephrine, while ...

1) Geophagia characterized by, severe, anaemia, dwarfism, hypogonadism and hepatosplenomegaly is sometimes seen in young patients (and children) in Iran. 2) Haematological aspects of the syndrome are those of, severe, iron deficiency anaemia. 3) Gastric biopsies and histological findings revealed superficial or atrophic gastritis showing some resemblance to those seen ...

Twenty-four patients have been found who appear to have endemic tropical sprue, with malabsorption on biochemical, radiological and histological grounds. Patients with the tropical sprue syndrome responded equally well clinically and biochemically to folate and tetracycline. Jejunal histology responded least well to treatment. It is suggested that as more Gastrointestinal ...

After the remission of symptoms and reduction in spleen size while on proguanil therapy four patients with the tropical splenomegaly syndrome defaulted from treatment. The withdrawal of proguanil caused a recrudescence of original symptoms, splenomegaly, and a return of the initially raised serum IgM. Complete return to normal values was ...

Twenty members of an immigrant Rwandan kindred were all found to have tropical splenomegaly syndrome compared with 29 out of 50 matched neighbour controls. Splenomegaly among the controls tended to cluster within families. IgM levels were significantly raised in the kindred compared with the control subjects without splenomegaly but were ...

The results of bacteriological and histological examinations of the organs of mice infected in the footpad with human leprosy bacilli by the Shepard method are summarized. The periods of observation ranged from a few days to 2 years. The disease developed in mice as a chronic infection with a lengthy ...

Nineteen Zambian patients with the tropical splenomegaly syndrome and sinusoidal lymphocytosis on liver biopsy were studied. The association of macrobulinaemia with the tropical splenomegaly syndrome has again been confirmed. Sixteen patients were treated with antimalarials-12 with cycloguanil pamoate alone, 3 with cycloguanil and proguanil, and 1 with proguanil alone. Twelve ...

A controlled, randomized, double-blind trial of malaria prophylaxis in tropical splenomegaly syndrome showed a significant reduction in spleen size and an improvement of anaemia and symptoms in patients treated with antimalarials compared with control subjects receiving placebo. This study confirms the observations from West Africa and provides further indirect evidence ...

Thesis (M. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2005.

An immunological evaluation carried out in eight patients with the tropical splenomegaly syndrome showed no evidence of impairment in cellular or humoral immunity, though raised levels of macroglobulins were noted in four patients. Hence gross immunological deficiency cannot be associated with the intense lymphoreticular proliferation observed in this disorder.

THREE THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES HAVE PROVED EFFECTIVE IN THE TREATMENT OF DEPRESSIVE SYNDROMES: electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. ECT gives the most reliable and most rapid results but may be contraindicated in certain cases. Psychotherapy is limited in its application to the reactive aspects of a depression. Pharmacotherapy is currently ...