A self-regulated epidemic model was developed to describe the dynamics of Salmonella Typhimurium in pig farms and predict the prevalence of different risk groups at slaughter age. The model was focused at the compartment level of the pig farms and it included two syndromes, a high and a low propagation ...

This review presents studies that support an inflammation-immunological model for the pathogenesis of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and highlights recent studies that support a similar disease model in non-post-infectious IBS, in particular, diarrhoea-predominant IBS, as well as in post-infectious functional dyspepsia. These recent studies are highlighted to demonstrate that ...

We report a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome (IMLS) while being treated with methotrexate and infliximab. She suddenly developed intermittent high fever and general fatigue with liver dysfunction, remarkable lymphocytosis and laboratory data suggestive of CMV reactivation. Her clinical symptoms quickly improved after ...

Acute osteomyelitis in neonates, although rare, represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We herein report an extremely rare case of congenital nonsyphilitic iliac bone osteomyelitis caused by methicilline-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and presenting with gluteal syndrome in a near-term infant. To our knowledge, this represents the second report with iliac osteomyelitis ...

A growing body of literature has identified the association between neutrophilic dermatoses and multifocal, aseptic bone lesions in children, termed chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO). Classically, patients present with swelling, pain, and impaired mobility of the affected area, with skin lesions developing concurrently or in the future. Bone biopsy reveals ...

Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck is a rare, life-threatening, soft tissue infection rapidly involving superficial fat and fascia with necrosis of the overlying skin. If septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein complicates a parapharyngeal abscess, the clinical condition is referred to as Lemierre syndrome, also known as ...

The [URE3] and [PSI(+)] prions are infectious amyloid forms of Ure2p and Sup35p. Several chaperones influence prion propagation: Hsp104p overproduction destabilizes [PSI(+)], whereas [URE3] is sensitive to excess of Ssa1p or Ydj1p. Here, we show that overproduction of the chaperone, Sse1p, can efficiently cure [URE3]. Sse1p and Fes1p are nucleotide ...

Skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) arising from the sphenoidal paranasal air sinus infection without associated external otitis is rare. Initially SBO may have headache as the only symptom with cranial neuropathies occurring later. We report a 10-year-old immunocompetent girl with headache and chronic sinusitis, who developed a lateral medullary syndrome following ...

To establish a unified classification system for mandibular osteomyelitis, various diagnostic terms were critically assessed and clinicopathologic findings of the lesions were carefully reviewed. We recommend classifying mandibular osteomyelitis into bacterial osteomyelitis and osteomyelitis associated with the synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome. Other diagnostic terms were excluded ...

Although Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) commonly causes infectious mononucleosis (IM) or IM-like syndromes, other agents can be implicated. In this study, viral and parasitic screening was performed to determine the etiological agent of pediatric IM-like syndromes in 38 children. Adenovirus was the agent most frequently detected (47.3%), followed by EBV (31.5%) ...

Necrotizing fasciitis is characterized by a rapidly progressing necrosis of subcutaneous fat and fascia, which can be life-threatening without prompt recognition, surgical intervention, and immediate antibiotic therapy. Necrotizing fasciitis has been subdivided into type 1, or polymicrobial necrotizing fasciitis, and type 2, or group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis. In addition, ...

OBJECTIVES: To identify and demonstrate necrotizing dermatitis in infancy; an uncommon, puzzling syndrome, in which anecdotal reporting and personal experience indicates that one third of cases may require skin grafting. Much informed discussion about the pathogenesis of this distressing syndrome centres on the role of spider envenomation; and in particular ...

Avian hepatitis E virus (HEV), a novel virus identified from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly (HS) syndrome, is genetically and antigenically related to human HEV. Recently, it was found that avian HEV antibody is also prevalent in healthy chickens. A prospective study was done on a known seropositive but healthy chicken farm ...

OBJECTIVES: To find diagnostic points and to identify the origin of osteomyelitis in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome. METHODS: Fifty-two patients with mandibular suppurative osteomyelitis and 25 patients with mandibular osteomyelitis in SAPHO syndrome were included in the study. Radiographic patterns of the lesion, types of periosteal ...

A 12-month-old boy developed a mild hemolytic uremic syndrome with no acute diarrheal prodrome. The typical clinical, hematological, and serological features of infectious mononucleosis were also noted. The clinical course of both hemolytic uremic syndrome and infectious mononucleosis was uneventful. A review of the literature disclosed that hemolytic uremic syndrome ...

Salmonella osteomyelitis is rare in children and usually occurs in conjunction with haemoglobinopathies. We followed a girl with recurrent salmonella osteomyelitis of both hands from infancy until she was 19 years of age. She was not affected by sickle cell disease, which sometimes accompanies acute swelling of hands and feet, ...

The association of infectious mononucleosis and an immunocompromised host such as occurs in acute leukemia is reported. The most common cause of infectious mononucleosis is Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Patients with mononucleosis syndrome caused by other agents are rare. We report a case of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) ...

Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible is characterized by bouts of intense pain, sometimes associated with trismus and paresthesia, and leads to progressive deformity. It is of unknown etiopathology, but it is suggested to be one manifestation of the synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteomyelitis syndrome, the other features of which ...

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome (papular acrodermatitis of childhood) is considered a nonspecific cutaneous host response to a variety of infectious agents, particularly viruses. Herein we report a case of Gianotti- Crosti syndrome preceded by oral polio vaccine and followed by varicella infection. The present case may support the hypothesis of initial immunization ...

A patient with SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis) was evaluated by combined scintigraphy. (99m)Tc HMDP scintigraphy showed accumulation in the sternum and lumbar vertebrae as well as the right mandible, whereas (67)Ga citrate showed an accumulation in the right mandible, but not in the sternum or lumbar ...

Multifocal subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy affects Simmental and Simmental-cross cattle. First clinical signs are ataxia and hind limb paresis. The characteristic gross lesion is bilaterally symmetrical, grey, depressed to cavitated foci involving nuclei in the brainstem. The caudal olivary nucleus is consistently involved. The etiology of the syndrome remains unknown.

For 12 years, a 26-year-old man had acne conglobata and a non-suppurative diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible as part of a chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of the sternum, the pelvic bones, and the femoral head, and aseptic arthritis of the knee, the fibulotalar, and the sternoclavicular joints. This fulfills ...

Papular acrodermatitis of childhood (PAC), also known as Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, is a self-limited disorder with acute onset generalized lymphadenopathy and monomorphic lentil-sized, dense, nonconfluent, symmetric, flat-topped, non-pruritic papules. We describe 2 patients, one with anicteric hepatitis, lymphocytosis, and positive hepatitis B surface antigenemia, and the other with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) ...

We asked whether UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) gene promoter polymorphism (Gilbert's syndrome) would increase hyperbilirubinaemia in direct Coombs' negative ABO-incompatible neonates, as seen in other combinations with this condition. 40 ABO-incompatible and 344 ABO-compatible controls had an allele frequency of 0.35 for the variant promoter gene. The incidence of hyperbilirubinaemia was ...

Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis may indicate the mandibular localisation of the SAPHO syndrome. Twelve patients with diffuse sclerosis of the mandible were examined for symptoms of the SAPHO syndrome. Nine patients were found to have primary chronic osteomyelitis and eight of these represented a SAPHO syndrome. Results in this series support ...

PURPOSE: To describe the clinical and laboratory features of infectious crystalline keratopathy and endophthalmitis secondary to Mycobacterium abscessus in a patient with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. METHOD: Case report. A 19-year-old man with a history of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and multiple corneal transplants developed white crystalline corneal infiltrates. RESULTS: Anterior chamber aspirate disclosed ...

Necrotizing fasciitis, which is a severe and uncommon infection involving the subcutaneous tissues, is usually caused by group A streptococci. To our knowledge, however, group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) have been reported to cause necrotizing fasciitis in only 4 instances (2 involving neonates) over the past 4 decades. We report ...

Farmed pre-smolt stage Atlantic salmon developed an acute, severe haemorrhagic anaemia, termed haemorrhagic smolt syndrome. The fish were in good condition, but lethargic, and had widespread visceral and muscle petechiation and ecchymoses. The mean (sd) haematocrit of affected fish was 1.4(0.9) per cent and histopathology revealed widespread haemorrhage in all ...

Papular acrodermatitis of childhood (Gianotti-Crosti syndrome) is considered an unspecific cutaneous pattern related to an increasing number of infectious diseases. We report two cases of Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, one of which occurred in the setting of parvovirus B19 primary infection and the other followed poxvirus infection. Parvovirus B19 and poxvirus may ...

Topics covered here include the role of noninfectious and common and uncommon infectious agents in the development of nongonococcal urethritis; the relative usefulness of a variety of laboratory tests for organisms such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae; and complications including acute epididymitis, prostatitis, and Reiter's syndrome.

Twenty-five-day-old broiler chickens were inoculated intramuscularly or orally with a suspension prepared from the livers of chickens naturally affected with hydropericardium syndrome (HPS), and uninoculated chickens were kept in the same room with the inoculated birds. The mortality rates in the chickens inoculated intramuscularly or orally were 100 per cent ...

A case of necrotizing fasciitis in association with hyperimmunoglobulin E (HIE) syndrome is reported. The patient was a 17-year-old Japanese boy with a clinical history of recurrent skin and pulmonary infections and eczematoid dermatitis, markedly elevated serum levels of IgE, and coarse facies. He had a gangrenous swelling on the ...

We isolated Campylobacter jejuni from 2 patients with Fisher's syndrome subsequent to enteritis. Crude lipopolysaccharide fractions were extracted from the bacteria and separated by thin-layer chromatography. Monoclonal antibodies to GQ1b ganglioside (GMR13 and 7F5) reacted with both lipopolysaccharide fractions, indicating that the lipopolysaccharides bear the GQ1b epitope. This is the ...

Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible has been described as a localized disease of unknown origin. We offer evidence that mandibular involvement in the recently described synovitis acne pustulosis hyperostosis osteitis syndrome exactly fits the accepted description for diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible. The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings ...

Progressive necrotic myelopathy is a syndrome characterized by a spotty necrotic degeneration of the whole spinal cord in both anterior and posterior horns. This syndrome was recorded in a man suffering from a lymphoplasmatocytoid lymphoma. Whilst the usual evolution of this neurological syndrome is inexorably fatal, our case had a ...

Two hundred and thirty one miraa chewers and 199 non miraa chewers were assessed for gingivitis, loss of attachment and oral hygiene status. The mean gingivitis score among miraa chewers was 1.6 and 1.7 among non miraa chewers (P less than 0.05). The mean facial gingivitis score among miraa chewers ...

Bilateral white crystalline opacities of the central corneas were found at autopsy in the eyes of a 17-day-old girl with Turner's Syndrome. Corticosteroid therapy had not been used. Histopathologic and electron microscopic evaluation revealed clusters of gram-negative rods between relatively intact stromal lamellae. Inflammation was mild and restricted to the ...

Peripheral blood cultures from children showing symptoms of generic infectious disease have been examined for human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6). Two HHV-6-related isolates have been obtained: one from a child for whom a clinical diagnosis of exanthema subitum has been made when a typical rash appeared, and one from a child in ...

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, a distinctive eruption occurring after hepatitis B infection, is characterized by symmetric, nonpruritic lichenoid papules usually localized to the face, limbs, and buttocks. In North America, hepatitis B antigenemia is rarely associated with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome in infants. Recent reports indicate there are a variety of infectious agents associated ...

Severe hemorrhagic necrotizing enterocolitis was determined to be the cause of death for 4 foals. Toxigenic Clostridium difficile was isolated form the intestine of each foal, and large, gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria lined the surface of necrotic villi. This finding of toxigenic C difficile associated with enteritis in foals adds another ...

A syndrome resulting in increased early deaths, runting and stunting in turkeys is described in 14 flocks at six sites in Ireland. Pathological lesions included bursal and thymic atrophy and mild degenerative changes in the pancreas of the affected poults. Entero-like virus, rotavirus, reovirus and adenovirus were detected in the ...

A detailed clinicopathologic analysis of 30 patients with sporadic fatal infectious mononucleosis and 31 males with fatal infectious mononucleosis and the X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome was performed to determine the extent of hepatic dysfunction in these cases. At death, the median age of patients with sporadic infectious mononucleosis was 10.7 yr ...

Hand-foot syndrome and Salmonella osteomyelitis are characteristic problems in children with sickle cell anemia. Salmonella osteomyelitis presenting as hand-foot syndrome is unusual and causes diagnostic difficulties. A recent case illustrates the diagnostic dilemmas and suggests appropriate screening studies for the child with sickle cell anemia and atypical hand-foot syndrome.

Literature citations show that institutionalized people with Down's syndrome have a significantly higher incidence of positive hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg) than mentally handicapped people who do not have Down's syndrome. A review of 2,136 institutionalized mentally handicapped people in Georgia shows that 27% of residents who have Down's syndrome and ...

The well-recognised neurological complications of infectious mononucleosis include lymphocytic meningitis, encephalomyelitis with convulsions, cranial and peripheral nerve palsies, Guillain-Barré Syndrome and hemiparesis. Cerebellar involvement is very rare, particularly in females and children. We describe a 14-year-old schoolgirl in whom cerebellar dysfunction proved a dominant feature, and who also gave a ...

Day-old broiler chicks were collected while in transit from a hatchery to a farm and reared in isolation. These chicks did not develop clinical signs of infectious stunting syndrome. When they were 14 days old, susceptible day-old chicks were placed in contact with them and these subsequently developed typical signs ...

Observations on a runting and stunting syndrome in broiler chickens in Victoria, Australia, based on general observations from 1980 to 1983 on 2244 chickens from 109 affected broiler chicken flocks, are summarised. The details on 156 of these birds from five affected flocks with varying runting percentages are presented. Typically ...

Because postmortem studies of humans provide little information on the initial pathophysiologic events in asthma, animal models have been developed. Recently the Ascaris-allergic rhesus monkey has provided an opportunity to examine the onset of pathophysiologic changes following challenge and to correlate them with airway structure. These studies have suggested that ...

The mononucleosis-like syndrome due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) has many clinical features in common with classic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) induced infectious mononucleosis (IM). The hematologic and hepatic findings in both diseases are identical. Diagnosis of the CMV-IM syndrome usually can be made on the basis of indirect immunofluorescence for CMV macroglobulins ...

The "mono syndrome" is an acute febrile disease of older children and young adults which involves the lymphatic system and is characterized hematologically by the presence of 50% or more lymphocytes and monocytes and 10% or more atypical lymphocytes. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes over 90% of the syndrome, cytomegalovirus (CMV) ...