Aims:  Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder manifesting with heterogeneous symptom clusters and clinical presentations. The deficit syndrome is the condition defined by the existence of primarily negative symptoms, and patients with the deficit syndrome differ from non-deficit patients on measures of brain structure and function. In the current study, by ...

Recent evidence suggests that children with autism have impaired detoxification capacity and may suffer from chronic oxidative stress. To our knowledge, there has been no study focusing on oxidative metabolism specifically in Asperger syndrome (a milder form of autism) or comparing this metabolism with other psychiatric disorders. In this study, ...

Administering anaesthesia to a patient with chronic schizophrenia is a challenge due to the increased risk of various perioperative complications. Neuroleptic agents are highly effective drugs used for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, but are rarely associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). Here, we describe the successful anaesthetic management of ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The debate on appropriate financing systems in inpatient psychiatry is ongoing. In this context, it is important to control resource use in terms of length of stay (LOS), which is the most costly factor in inpatient care and the one that can be influenced most easily. Previous studies ...

In this article, the authors examine the preponderance of publications pertaining to relationships between allergies and anxiety and mood syndromes. Through a review of the relevant articles in the PubMed and PsycINFO databases, the authors found that the majority of studies (9 of 11 studies on anxiety syndromes, 10 of ...

Catatonia was delineated only as a type of schizophrenia in the many American Psychiatric Association DSM classifications and revisions from 1952 until 1994 when "catatonia secondary to a medical condition" was added. Since the 1970s the diagnosis of catatonia has been clarified as a syndrome of rigidity, posturing, mutism, negativism, ...

The content of a delusion is of special interest to mental health professional and is still expanding. The concept of delusional procreation syndrome (DPS), containing delusions in all possible sequential steps in procreation, has been recently proposed. The authors report the case of a married woman harboring a delusion that ...

22q11.2 Deletion syndrome has become an important model for understanding the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental conditions, particularly schizophrenia which develops in about 20-25% of individuals with a chromosome 22q11.2 microdeletion. From the initial discovery of the syndrome, associated developmental delays made it clear that changes in brain development were a key ...

BACKGROUND:: Basilar impression (BI) is an uncommon condition in which there is upward displacement of the elements forming the foramen magnum, causing translocation of vertebral elements into the brainstem. BI is most commonly a developmental anomaly and is often associated with congenital conditions such as Down's syndrome. Symptomatic BI is ...

Cervical arthroplasty may be justified in patients with Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) in order to preserve cervical motion. The aim of this paper is to report an arthroplasty failure in a patient with KFS. A 36-year-old woman with KFS underwent two-level arthroplasty for adjacent segment disc degeneration. Anterior migration of the ...

We describe a case of asymmetric PRES due to the presence of hyperplastic anterior choroidal artery (AChA) in a man affected by sever hypertension. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) has become synonymous with a unique pattern of brain vasogenic edema and predominates in the parietal and occipital regions, accompanied by ...

Anterior interosseous syndrome (Kiloh-Nevin syndrome) refers to that constellation of signs and symptoms referable to weakness of the pronator quadratus, the flexor pollicis longus, and the flexor digitorum profundus to the index finger.We present our series of 9 patients, affected by AIN Syndrome, and a group of 4 patients affected ...

The goals of the study were the following: 1) to determine the frequency of psychiatric disorders and irritable bowel syndrome in patients with asthma and 2) to compare the frequency of these disorders in patients with asthma to their frequency in healthy controls. Patients with asthma have a higher frequency ...

People with velo-cardio-facial syndrome or 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) have behavioral, cognitive and psychiatric problems. Approximately 30% of affected individuals develop schizophrenia-like psychosis. Glutamate dysfunction is thought to play a crucial role in schizophrenia. However, it is unknown if and how the glutamate system is altered in 22q11DS. People with ...

Here, we report on a patient with pseudoexfoliation syndrome who developed acute angle-closure glaucoma with a marked myopic shift due to anterior dislocation of the posterior chamber intraocular lens almost 16 months after an uneventful phacoemulsification. Examination with a Scheimpflug camera was extremely useful in confirming the diagnosis. This is ...

The term 'focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)' has been applied to many different conditions. All classifications of 'FSGS', including those describing 'variants', perpetuate the misconceptions that the entities included have something in common and that the term 'FSGS' has some value. With a rigorous approach to renal biopsies showing segmental lesions, ...

Hypersensitivity syndrome associated with teicoplanin has rarely been reported. We report a case with a preceding episode of vancomyin-related neutropenia. A 47-year-old female with cervical spine infection was treated with vancomycin. Neutropenia occurred after 17 days of vancomycin therapy. Vancomycin was changed to teicoplanin, and the neutropenia resolved 4 days ...

We report 2 cases of toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) resulting from impurities in generic trypan blue that was administered intracamerally to improve visualization of the capsule. Histology of the corneal buttons revealed foci of inflammatory response and complete loss of endothelial cells. Cell culture analysis showed that the generic ...

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is characterized by various dermatological manifestations and osteoarthropathy frequently localized to the anterior chest wall. Dermatologists should be familiar with this syndrome. Its early diagnosis is important to avoid prolonged antibiotic treatments and unnecessary invasive procedures. We report a new case of ...

We report a case of an 82-year-old female with an anomalous left inferior vena cava. The left inferior vena cava ascends parallel and to the left of the descending abdominal aorta. At the level of the celiac trunk, the inferior vena cava courses anteriorly and to the right to reach ...

We assessed pregnancy outcomes for patients with HELLP syndrome (hemolysis; elevated liver enzymes; low platelet count) with and without concurrent eclampsia. We performed a retrospective investigation of data spanning three decades of patients with class 1 or 2 HELLP syndrome with concurrent eclampsia (HELLP + E) and patients with HELLP ...

Objective. This study was performed to determine the incidence, symptomatology, complications, mode of delivery, treatment modalities, and risk factors for maternal outcome and perinatal outcome in women with HELLP syndrome. Methods. A total of 303 pregnancies with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome diagnosed antenatally were ...

Exploding head syndrome is a rare phenomenon but can be a significant disruption to quality of life. We describe a 39-year-old female with symptoms of a loud bang and buzz at sleep onset for 3 years. EEG monitoring confirmed these events occurred in transition from stage 1 sleep. This patient ...

Experimental data have revealed the critical role played by 2-methoxy-estradiol, a metabolite of 17β-estradiol, in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. We used gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to measure a whole panel of hormonal steroids in the plasma from women during the third trimester of their pregnancy. The population study consists of 24 ...

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a potentially life-threatening delayed hypersensitivity reaction characterized by the triad of fever, rash and multiorgan involvement, which usually occurs within the first weeks of introduction of an antiepileptic drug. It mimics several life-threatening diseases, which makes it potentially difficult to recognize. We describe the case of ...

We report a case of 71-year-old man who developed a hypersensitivity syndrome associated with terbinafine. He was placed on terbinafine (250 mg/d) for the treatment of tinea pedis due to diabetes mellitus. Following the treatment with terbinafine, he developed drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS). Systemic corticosteroid led to transient improvement of ...

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a severe, potentially life-threatening, reaction to the aromatic anticonvulsant medications. Reported here is a case of anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome secondary to phenobarbital in a 2-year-old boy; he responded to drug withdrawal, corticosteroids, and intravenous immunoglobulin. The literature regarding treatment of this syndrome is reviewed.

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is a severe systemic reaction with several herpesvirus reactivations. Multiple organ failures appear during the course of the disease. The severity of DIHS is determined by the degree of visceral involvement. Autoimmune diseases also develop several months to years after the apparent clinical resolution of DIHS.

BACKGROUND: HELLP syndrome is defined as an association of hemolytic anemia, raised liver enzymes and thrombocytopenia. It is a severe manifestation of pre-eclampsia. AIM: We tried to specify the epidemic factors and the best management of HELLP syndrome Methods: A retrospective study held during 6 years in the department of ...

The involvement of the placenta in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome is well established, and placental lesions are also similar in these two syndromes. Here we aimed to examine the placental transcriptome and to identify candidate biomarkers in early-onset preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. Placental specimens were obtained at ...

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are rare and life-threatening conditions that may be precipitated by anticonvulsive agents. We describe a patient with overlapping features of these hypersensitivity syndromes.

Allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome is a severe adverse reaction characterized by rash, fever, and internal organ involvement. We report a case of fatal allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with acute pancreatitis.A 46-year-old man was treated by allopurinol for asymptomatic hyperuricemia. The patient developed a diffuse erythrodermic maculopapular eruption and fever. Laboratory analysis ...

BACKGROUND: Hemolysis-elevated liver enzymes-low platelet counts (HELLP) syndrome is a clinical condition occurring in middle and late stage pregnancy. It is characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet counts. This study involves the analysis of the diagnosis, clinical characteristics and treatment of 59 cases of HELLP syndrome as ...

Protein Z (PZ) was found to be associated with pregnancy complications. There are no data implying an association between hemolysis (H), elevated liver enzymes (EL), and low platelet counts (LP) (HELLP) syndrome and changes in plasma levels of PZ. The aim of this study is to investigate whether HELLP syndrome ...

OBJECTIVE: The pathogenesis of the HELLP (hemolysis, enzyme liver, low platelets) syndrome is unknown. Recently soluble endoglin (sEng) was identified as a cause of the appearance of schistocytes and liver pathology in an animal model of preeclampsia (PE). STUDY DESIGN: We explored the value of sEng in 82 women who ...

Patients having a generalised rash with severe liver dysfunction associated with exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) have been reported mainly in Asian countries. However, no case has been reported in Japan since the 1990s. Here, we describe a case of hypersensitivity syndrome (HS) caused by TCE in a 30-year-old Japanese man. ...

Preterm parturition is a syndrome caused by several mechanisms of disease, including intrauterine infection/inflammation, uteroplacental ischemia, uterine overdistension, cervical disease, maternal/fetal stress, abnormal allogeneic responses, allergic reactions, and unknown insults. An allergic-like mechanism was proposed as a potential etiology for the preterm parturition syndrome, based on the observation that eosinophils ...

The isolated or prominent weakness of cervical extensor muscles is a relatively rare clinical sign known as "dropped head syndrome". It occurs in a variety of neuromuscular diseases. Here, we report the case of a 53 year old woman whose main symptom was a dropped head syndrome that led to ...

The HELLP syndrome is a serious complication in pregnancy characterized by haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count occurring in 0.5 to 0.9% of all pregnancies and in 10- 20% of cases with severe preeclampsia. The present review highlights occurrence, diagnosis, complications, surveillance, treatment, mode of delivery and risk ...

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), scleroderma renal crisis (SRC), and hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and a low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome display common symptoms that include microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure. Therefore, it is important to distinguish between them because their treatments vary: however, the differential diagnosis is ...

BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown overexpression of leptin in microarray experiments in pre-eclampsia (PE) and in hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome. We decided to study four leptin receptor (LEPR) SNP polymorphisms in HELLP syndrome patients by using quantitative real-time PCR and melting curve analysis. METHODS: DNA was ...

Baclofen withdrawal syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition manifesting with autonomic dysreflexia, high fevers, spasticity, seizures, and multiorgan failure. Reversible cardiomyopathy due to this condition is extremely rare. A high level of suspicion is needed to recognize this condition and start an early intervention to improve patient outcome. ...

Preeclampsia is a systemic syndrome that occurs in 3 to 5% of pregnant women and classically manifests as new-onset hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The only known cure is delivery of the placenta. Recent discoveries, ...

To ascertain the characteristics, clinical features, and maternal fetal outcome in HELLP (hemolysis elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) syndrome at a tertiary referral center. This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Dicle University between January 2004 and December 2008 in which the charts of 126 cases were retrieved retrospectively ...

Introduction. Brugada syndrome accounts for about 4% of sudden cardiac deaths (SCD). It is characterized by an ST-segment elevation in the right precordial electrocardiogram (EKG) leads. Case Presentation. We describe a 39-year-old healthy Caucasian man who was admitted to the intensive care unit after being cardioverted from ventricular fibrillation (VF) ...

An 82-yr-old man was presented with fever and cough accompanied by generalized erythematous rash. He had taken mexiletine for 5 months, as he had been diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and ventricular arrhythmia. Laboratory studies showed peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated liver transaminase levels. Chest radiographs showed multiple nodular consolidations in ...

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate whether clinical and laboratory variables differ between former patients who had HELLP syndrome and former patients who had preeclampsia (PE) without HELLP. STUDY DESIGN: We compared early-onset HELLP (n = 75) with early-onset PE (n = 40) with respect to clinical features during the hypertensive ...

Hypersensitivity or allergic inflammatory processes can affect the cardiac structures during allergic insults. The myocardium, the conduction system and the coronary arteries can be the targets of these insults resulting in Kounis syndrome (hypersensitivity coronary syndrome) or hypersensitivity myocarditis. Kounis syndrome and hypersensitivity myocarditis can be clinically indistinguishable and masquerade ...

For many years patients with chronic cough have been investigated in an attempt to diagnose the cause of the cough. Here I suggest that the overwhelming majority of patients with chronic cough have a single diagnosis: cough hypersensitivity syndrome. This is demonstrated by the homogeneous nature of the clinical history ...

We describe an unusual case of inflammatory myopathy with rimmed vacuoles associated with dropped head syndrome. Muscle biopsy in our patient revealed variations in fiber size with fiber necrosis and regeneration, accompanied by many rimmed vacuoles and areas of endomysial cell infiltration. Electron microscopy demonstrated autophagic vacuoles and tubulofilamentous inclusions. ...