Objectives- A major pathologic finding in patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome is noninflammatory fibrosis and thickening of the subsynovial connective tissue. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of sonography to depict this thickening by comparing subsynovial connective tissue thickness in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome ...

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerular disorder of childhood. Invasive biopsy remains the diagnostic method of choice for NS. Prognosis correlates with steroid responsiveness, from sensitive (SSNS) to resistant (SRNS). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been demonstrated to be a powerful risk marker of chronic kidney ...

To evaluate the role of oVEMP and multidetector CT scan in patients with superior canal dehiscence syndrome. Prospective study was conducted on nine patients with superior canal dehiscence syndrome (5 females, 4 males) age ranged 19-49 with mean age of 32.7 ± 9.3 years, complaining of intolerance to loud sounds and/or oscillopsia. The ...

RATIONALE: Cross-sectional studies demonstrate an association between metabolic syndrome and impaired lung function. OBJECTIVE: Define if metabolic syndrome biomarkers are risk factors for loss of lung function after irritant exposure. METHODS: A nested case-control study of FDNY personnel with normal pre-9/11 FEV1 and who presented for subspecialty pulmonary evaluation before ...

Cardiovascular regulation is considered today as having three levels: autoregulations, neural regulations and hormonal regulations. We hypothesize that the cardiovascular regulation has an additional (fourth) control level which is outer, hierarchical (adaptive) loop where LF-HRV amplitude serves as a reference input which the neural cardiovascular center detects and responses in ...

The aims of the present study are twofold: (1) to examine cortical morphology (CM) associated with alterations in cognition in fragile X syndrome (FXS); (2) to characterize the CM profile of FXS versus FXS with an autism diagnosis (FXS+Aut) as a preliminary attempt to further elucidate the behavioral distinctions between ...

Irritable bowel syndrome is chronic, uncontrollable, and unpredictable in nature. This study explored how Korean women with irritable bowel syndrome decipher the meaning of their symptoms and implement irritable bowel syndrome health management strategies. Data were collected in 2009 from 14 Korean women in their 20s and 30s through in-depth ...

We aimed to investigate whether interleukin-10 (IL-10) -1082 G/G genotype is associated with lower mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a Chinese population. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 314 cases of ARDS and 210 controls who were admitted to an intensive care unit with sepsis, trauma, ...

Obesity is increasing in prevalence in the United States with over 65% of adults considered overweight and 16% of children with BMI > 95 percentile. The heritability of obesity is estimated between 40% and 70%, but the genetics of obesity for most individuals are complex and involve the interaction of multiple genes ...

Animal studies elucidating the neurobiology of fragile X syndrome (FXS) have led to multiple controlled trials in humans, with the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community (ABC-C) commonly adopted as a primary outcome measure. A multi-site collaboration examined the psychometric properties of the ABC-C in 630 individuals (ages 3-25) with FXS using exploratory ...

Mutations in the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns4,5P(2)) 5-phosphatase OCRL cause Lowe syndrome, which is characterised by congenital cataracts, central hypotonia, and renal proximal tubular dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that OCRL interacts with components of the endosomal machinery; however, its role in endocytosis, and thus the pathogenic mechanisms of Lowe syndrome, ...

Hirvelä, S. & Helkama, K. (2011). Empathy, values, morality and Asperger's syndrome. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. The aims of this study were, first, to re-address the issue of empathy among people with autism conditions; second, to explore the relationships between empathy and values among autistic populations and controls; and third, ...

The purpose of this study is to compare the importance and its superiority of apolipoprotein B (apoB) over conventional lipid profile for predicting risk of acute coronary syndrome in young people of Bangladesh. This case-control study was carried out in Department of Cardiology, of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital within the ...

Guillian-Barre syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis. All age groups can be affected, more common in elderly. Campylobacter jejuni, a major cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide has become recognized as a most frequent antecedent pathogen for GBS. A prospective case-controlled study showed, positive C. Jejuni ...

Recent evidence indicates that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a rare genetically based neurodevelopmental disorder, show abnormalities of parietal and cerebellar regions of the brain that may be involved in the visual control of locomotion. Here we examined whether parietal and cerebellar abnormalities contribute to deficits in spatiotemporal characteristics and ...

Exposure to hand-arm vibrations is a known cause of the Hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), a progressive syndrome beginning with sensory loss and leading to gangrene, making timely diagnosis essential. Assessment of the usefulness of 9 diagnostic parameters claimed as being of greatest value in the diagnosis of HAVS, and examination ...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition which requires gradually increasing doses of dopaminergic substances for adequate motor control. Some vulnerable patients increase their doses beyond those required for motor control. This may result in a pattern of compulsive drug taking which may be associated with typical behavioural changes ...

Environmental dependency phenomena refer to the symptoms initially described by Lhermitte (1983, 1984) under the terms of "utilization behavior" and "imitation behavior". These clinical signs are linked to essential notions such as free-will and human autonomy, and seem to be specific of the frontal pathology. Surprisingly, few studies have addressed ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of an information film on making an informed choice regarding Down syndrome screening, and women's knowledge and experiences of information. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial including 184 women in the intervention group and 206 controls recruited from maternity units in Stockholm, Sweden. The intervention was an ...

PURPOSE:: To test the hypothesis that uveal effusion syndrome is caused by reduced transscleral albumin permeability. METHODS:: Surgical scleral specimens were obtained from a 55-year-old patient with nanophthalmic uveal effusion syndrome. Specimens were clamped in a modified Ussing chamber, and the rate of transscleral diffusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate-albumin was measured ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of J-point elevation among the relatives of sudden arrhythmic death syndrome (SADS) probands. J-point elevation is now known to be associated with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. We hypothesized that this early repolarization phenomenon is an inherited trait responsible for a proportion ...

Objective:Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma is a ligand-dependent transcription factor with an important role in insulin resistance and obesity. We investigated the associations between the Pro12Ala polymorphism of this receptor, obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome and hyperlipidaemia risk factors, in a Chinese cohort.Subjects and methods:We recruited 420 obstructive sleep apnoea ...

One of the most compelling features of Williams syndrome (WS) is the widely reported excessive sociability, accompanied by a relative proficiency in expressive language, which stands in stark contrast with significant intellectual and nonverbal impairments. It has been proposed that the unique language skills observed in WS are implicated in ...

The extent to which the socioemotional impairments of Asperger syndrome (AS) might be extreme manifestations of individual differences within the general population remains under-explored. We compared the trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) profiles of 30 individuals with AS against the profiles of 43 group-matched controls using the Trait Emotional Intelligence ...

It is known that the glutamatergic pathways are hyperfunctioning during alcohol withdrawal syndrome. It has been demonstrated that hyperfunctioning of this system causes a great damage to the superior cortical activity, the ability to concentrate and the control of impulses. Recent studies show that the cations zinc and magnesium modulate ...

The relationship between telomere length (TL) and predisposition to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains unclear. We compared peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) TL among cases of histologically confirmed MDS (n = 65) who were treatment-naive with no prior cancer history to age-matched controls (n = 63). Relative TL was measured in PBLs and saliva by quantitative ...

Background  Somatostatin analogues are the mainstay of therapy for malignant carcinoid syndrome. There is clear evidence that the once monthly intramuscular formulation, Octreotide LAR, controls symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, and recent data also suggests an antitumour effect. There is limited data on prolonged release Lanreotide (Somatuline Autogel, Ipsen Pharma Biotech, ...

Aim:  To compare the frequency of the metabolic syndrome and its components in a sample of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and controls. Methods:  This case control study was performed on 188 women over 18 years old: 92 RA patients and 96 healthy controls, from 2006 to 2008. Blood pressure, height, ...

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromes (RCVS) comprise a group of disorders characterized by prolonged, but reversible vasoconstriction of the cerebral arteries, usually associated with acute-onset, severe, recurrent headaches, with or without additional neurological signs and symptoms. Various complications of this condition have been observed, such as cortical subarachnoid hemorrhages (cSAH), intracerebral ...

Purpose. To report transient vitreomacular traction (VMT) syndrome following acute blunt trauma associated with incomplete posterior vitreous detachment. Methods. The authors present the analysis of 2 eyes of consecutive patients with acute VMT following mild blunt trauma. Both patients reported a sudden decrease in visual acuity and metamorphopsia. Spectral domain ...

We report two unusual presenting manifestations of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), recurrent acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI); a form of cutaneous vasculitis and hyperostosis of the tibia. Though cutaneous vasculitis is known to occur in WAS, presentation in early infancy and as AHEI is extremely uncommon. Hyperostosis is not a ...

Antiphospholipid syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease with thrombotic tendency. Consensus guidelines for pregnancy with antiphospholipid syndrome recommend low-dose aspirin combined with unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin because antiphospholipid syndrome causes habitual abortion. We report a 36-year-old pregnant woman diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome receiving anticoagulation treatment. The patient developed left abdominal ...

: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of childbearing age, and it seems better to consider it as an ovarian manifestation of metabolic syndrome. The aim of the current study was to evaluate early atherosclerotic findings in patients with PCOS. We enrolled 46 women with ...

OBJECTIVES: The pelvic floor muscles are sensitive to androgens, and due to hyperandrogenism, women with polycystic ovary syndrome can have increased mass in these muscles compared to controls. The aim of this study is to compare reports of urine leakage and quality of life between women with and without polycystic ...

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common disorders diagnosed by gastroenterologists and a common cause of general practice visits. Although this disease is not life threatening, patients with IBS seem to be seriously affected in their everyday life. The study was designed to explore the pattern of ...

The main complication of cerebral cavernous angioma is hemorrhage. Ischemic stroke as a complication of cerebral cavernous angioma has rarely been described, and hemorrhage after ischemic Wallenberg's syndrome has not been reported before. A 45-year-old woman presented with perioral numbness, hoarseness, dysphagia, and worsening of her previous sensory symptoms. The ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive aged women. It is typically characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Women with PCOS often experience dermatologic manifestations of hyperandrogenism, including hirsutism, acne vulgaris, and androgenic alopecia. This article will review the treatments for acne due ...

Although major advancements have been made in the treatment of HIV infection, graft-versus-host reactions, and autoimmune diseases, an unexpected consequence of treatment has been the emergence of a devastating inflammatory syndrome, termed the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). The pathophysiology of the syndrome is poorly understood, and the syndrome poses ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) appears to be an ancient disorder, which has persisted in human evolution despite reduced fecundity because of the benefits to affected women such as greater sturdiness and improved energy utilization, a rearing advantage for their children and kin, and a reduction in the risk of perinatal ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and disordered gonadotropin secretion, often associated with insulin resistance. The syndrome, which modulates both hormonal and metabolic processes, is the most common endocrinopathy in reproductive-age women and increases a woman's risk of infertility, endometrial pathology, and cardiometabolic disease. As ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder, involving primarily ovarian hyperandrogenism in females and linked with insulin resistance in the majority of cases. Clinical features are widely variable and include a combination of menstrual irregularities, acne, hirsutism, and alopecia. Although it typically presents around puberty, several risk factors during ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine disorder that has been associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Evidence has suggested that PCOS may be associated with the appearance of certain types of cancer, particularly endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer. The objective of this review was to collect ...

Hyponatremia, in its most severe form, requires urgent infusion of hypertonic saline to correct cerebral edema. However, overly rapid correction of chronic hyponatremia can cause osmotic demyelination syndrome. The authors review the treatment of hyponatremia in order to provide clinicians with a sound approach in a variety of settings in ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Although genetic linkage analyses have demonstrated a susceptibility locus for PCOS mapping to the fibrillin-3 gene, the presence of fibrillin proteins in normal and polycystic ovaries has not been characterized. This study compared and contrasted fibrillin-1, -2, ...

Tourette's syndrome is a chronic neurobehavioral disorder that can demonstrate refractoriness to conservative treatments, or to invasive nonsurgical treatments such as botulinum toxin infiltration, or to psychobehavioral treatments. In these cases, the surgical option is often proposed, either with lesional interventions, or more recently with deep brain stimulation (DBS). This ...

To explore a novel approach, associated balancing surgical treatments of the first and second branchial arch syndrome and to supply an array of practical, efficacious, and relatively shorter course of treatments for clinics. For microtia with severe ipsilateral facial dysplasia with the first and second branchial arch syndrome, auricular reconstruction ...

A review of the history, incidence, presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of propofol infusion syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by laboratory and/or clinical features consisting of hyperandrogenism with chronic anovulation and is currently one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of fertile age. PCOS is associated with a variety of endocrine and metabolic disturbances. It was demonstrated that the prevalence of autoimmune ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in reproductive aged women. Although genetic linkage analyses have demonstrated a susceptibility locus for PCOS mapping to the fibrillin-3 gene, the presence of fibrillin proteins in normal and polycystic ovaries has not been characterized. This study compared and contrasted fibrillin-1, -2, and ...

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is associated with poorer treatment outcomes, but more help seeking, for alcohol use disorders (AUDs); however, associations of ASPD with AUD treatment in the general population have not been studied prospectively. To examine prediction of treatment over 3-year follow-up among adults with AUDs by baseline ASPD ...