BACKGROUND: This study investigated whether serum homocysteine (Hcy) level is associated with metabolic syndrome components, including high waist circumference (WC), hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP), and insulin resistance (IR) in adolescents living in Central Anatolia, Turkey. METHODS: The data of The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome ...

The combination of metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been termed "syndrome Z." The prevalence of both OSA and metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide, in part linked to the epidemic of obesity. Beyond their epidemiologic relationship, growing evidence suggests that OSA may be causally related to metabolic syndrome. ...

This study investigated the association between nephropathy and oxidative stress, by measurement of systolic blood pressure, lipid peroxidation, activities of catalase, manganese- and copper-zinc-superoxide dismutase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and concentrations of nitrates/nitrites in kidneys from rats with Metabolic Syndrome. Weaning female or male rats had 30% sucrose ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Recent studies have begun to evaluate the heterogeneity of insulin resistance in syndromes associated with type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia and associated cardiac, renal and hepatic consequences. These insights are of particular importance in Alström syndrome in which all of these conditions coexist from a young age with ...

BACKGROUND: This study compared prevalent health utilization and costs for persons with and without metabolic syndrome and investigated the independent associations of the various factors that make up metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Subjects were enrollees of three health plans who had all clinical measurements (blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, body mass ...

OBJECTIVES: High-cortisol levels in depressed persons could possibly give rise to the metabolic syndrome. This study investigated cross-sectionally whether depression and high-cortisol levels increased the odds of metabolic syndrome in an older community-based sample. METHODS: In 1,212 participants, aged > or =65 years, enrolled in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, ...

Since its first description by Reavan in 1988, accepted criteria for clinical identification of the components of metabolic syndrome have been promulgated by the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III) and the World Health Organization (WHO) as well as the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and the American ...

High heart rate and metabolic syndrome are risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The relationship between heart rate and risk of developing metabolic syndrome has not been studied in a large cohort. We examined the relationship between heart rate and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome in individuals who ...

The metabolic syndrome is defined by the concurrent presence of at least three metabolic disorders that are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Results from prospective and cross-sectional studies also point to an association between the metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. Visceral obesity and insulin ...

Several components of the metabolic syndrome, particularly diabetes and CVD, are known to be oxidative stress-related conditions and there is research to suggest that antioxidant nutrients may play a protective role in these conditions. Carotenoids are compounds derived primarily from plants and several have been shown to be potent antioxidant ...

Some reports suggest that concentrations of vitamin D are inversely, whereas concentrations of parathyroid hormone (PTH) are directly, associated with prevalent metabolic syndrome. Because of lingering uncertainty about these associations, we examined the cross-sectional associations between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) and PTH with metabolic syndrome in a representative sample ...

BACKGROUND: Several biological markers have been identified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome. We thus compared biomarkers and their association with metabolic syndrome. METHODS: We measured the white blood cell count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), ...

The risk of developing atrial fibrillation is increased in patients with metabolic syndrome, but atrial conduction properties are uncharacterized in patients who have metabolic syndrome without atrial arrhythmia. We used tissue Doppler imaging to evaluate intra- and interatrial synchronicity in such patients. The imaging was performed in 145 patients with ...

The leading cause of mortality in on-duty firefighters is sudden cardiac death. While the reason for this remains unclear, low cardiorespiratory fitness and the metabolic syndrome have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease-related events. To document the levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and the metabolic syndrome, as well as ...

There is some evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and metabolic syndrome may be related, perhaps through systemic inflammation, which is common to both. However, the association between the two conditions has not yet been clearly shown. The present study involved 7,358 adults aged > or =50 yrs from ...

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the prevalence of abnormal liver enzymes suggestive of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and metabolic syndrome in obese adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome. DESIGN: A retrospective chart review. PARTICIPANTS: Patients included 39 obese (body mass index Z score >/= 2) adolescent females with a diagnosis of polycystic ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between thyroid hormones, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in euthyroid women. METHODS: Forty-five women with no past medical history were studied in this cross-sectional study at the Department of Endocrinology, Medwin Hospitals, Hyderabad, India, from August 2008 to September 2008. The body fat was estimated ...

The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors for atherosclerosis. Although a universally accepted definition is still lacking because available classifications present slightly different diagnostic criteria, the metabolic syndrome is now recognized as a serious public health problem that affects up to 45% of the population >50 years of ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To highlight the metabolic or inflammatory components, deregulated in or pathogenic for the metabolic syndrome, that may, directly or indirectly, modulate hepatic fibrogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS: Advanced glycation end products signal profibrogenetic transformation of hepatic stellate cells. Altered adipocytokines favor insulin resistance and steatosis. They participate to the ...

BACKGROUND: Large artery stiffness is a major determinant of pulse pressure (PP), and PP at baseline has been associated with future coronary events. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the metabolic syndrome on aortic PP and ascending aortic pulsatility (AP) in patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. METHODS: Forty-two patients ...

Alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism frequently cluster with overweight, obesity as well as hypertension in the clinical condition known as metabolic syndrome. The "cardiometabolic clustering" is characterized by well-known alterations that increase cardiovascular risk profile such as insulin-resistance, endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffening, cardiac hypertrophy, and sympathetic activation. The present ...

Circulating concentrations of soluble cell adhesive molecules are useful predictors for the risk of development and progression of atherosclerosis. This study was initiated to investigate the association between soluble intercellular adhesive molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels and traditional and emerging cardiovascular risk factors, as well as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, in ...

We examined the relationship between low bond mass and metabolic syndrome in 2,475 Korean women. After adjustment for all covariates, mean vertebral BMD was significantly lower in women with metabolic syndrome. Moreover, age and weight adjusted vertebral BMD was significantly decreased with additional components of the metabolic syndrome. Obesity-induced chronic ...

Metabolic Syndrome is a cluster of vascular risk factors which has been related to dementia and cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to describe the neuropsychological profile of metabolic syndrome patients. An extensive neuropsychological protocol was administered to 55 patients and 35 controls assessing memory, executive, visuoperceptual and ...

BACKGROUND: The metabolic syndrome is a condition frequently found among individuals > 60 years of age. It predisposes affected individuals to systemic inflammation and physical inactivity. Systemic inflammation and physical inactivity are relevant extrapulmonary markers of morbidity and mortality in patients with COPD. Here, we studied the following: (1) the ...

PURPOSE: In this study we investigated the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms as defined by the American Urological Association symptom index and the metabolic syndrome, and determined the relationship between individual symptoms comprising the American Urological Association symptom index and the metabolic syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Boston Area ...

Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although some data suggest that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), the factors related to this increased risk are not well elucidated. We therefore examined whether peripheral white blood cell ...

Limited information is available on the relationship between metabolic syndrome and stroke in the Chinese population. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Chinese population and the relationship between stroke and metabolic syndrome in that population. 2,173 subjects aged 45 years and ...

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1), one of the isoforms of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes, acts as an oxo-reductase to reactivate cortisone to cortisol, plays a critical role in tissue-specific corticosteroid reactions, and is therefore a key molecule associated with the development of metabolic syndrome. We investigated whether variations in the ...

Obesity hypertension and metabolic syndrome have become major public health concerns. Nowadays, aldosterone is recognized as an important mediator of cardiovascular and renal damage. In the kidney, aldosterone injures glomerular visceral epithelial cells (podocytes), the final filtration barrier to plasma macromolecules, leading to proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists ...

OBJECTIVES: Chemerin is a recently discovered adipokine that regulates adipocyte differentiation and modulates chemotaxis and activation of dendritic cells and macrophages. Given the convergence of adipocyte and macrophage function, chemerin may provide an interesting link between obesity, inflammation and atherosclerosis in humans. We sought to examine the relationship of i) ...

Metabolic syndrome represents a constellation of hypertension, abdominal obesity, impaired fasting glucose, and dyslipidemia, and it has been shown to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The components of metabolic syndrome are rapidly emerging as epidemics of the twenty-first century, and reduction of these underlying causes, such as obesity, ...

The objective of this study was to measure bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged men with and without the metabolic syndrome according to the International diabetes federation (IDF) definition from 2005. We studied 80 men (mean age: 51.9 +/- 9.0 y, mean body mass index (BMI): 32.0 +/- 1.7 kg/m2) ...

BACKGROUND: Previous reports have indicated an association of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) with risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). Because some of these risk factors form components of metabolic syndrome, in the present study, we investigated the association of an important promoter region polymorphism of MCP-1, A-2518G, ...

BACKGROUND: Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia often occur in drinkers regardless of obesity. Thus, the diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome (MS) may judge some drinkers as having MS even when typical MS is absent. MATERIAL/METHODS: To verify this, 1,346 Japanese men aged 40 to 65 were divided into four groups based ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adult Qatari population according to the revised criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), assess which component contributed to the increased risk ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its risk factors, Mongolian people from Inner Mongolia were studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: 2536 participants aged 20 years or above from Tongliao city in Inner Mongolia were selected for a cross-sectional study. Lifestyle risk factors, body weight, height, waistline, hipline, ...

BACKGROUND: There are three commonly used definitions of the metabolic syndrome, making scientific studies hard to compare. The aim of this study was to investigate agreement in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome defined by three different definitions and to analyze definition and gender differences. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study ...

BACKGROUND: The main components of metabolic syndrome (obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia) have become prevalent worldwide, and excess glucocorticoid levels have been implicated in patients with these symptoms. 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) is an enzyme involved in glucocorticoid regulation through catalysis of the conversion of inactive cortisone to ...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome at baseline and after 6 months of lifestyle modification among obese adolescents referred to a multidisciplinary weight management program. A total of 165 obese adolescents were evaluated at baseline, and measurements were repeated in 57 subjects ...

OBJECTIVE: Hypothesising that metabolic syndrome may be associated with or useful in the prediction of pre-eclampsia, we investigated the association between all components of metabolic syndrome and C-reactive protein (CRP) in women with and without pre-eclampsia. METHODS: A case-control study was performed. Cases had gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia and controls ...

Metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease (CAD) are increasing in urban black South Africans during their transition from a rural to a western lifestyle. Inflammation is frequently associated with metabolic syndrome and CAD. This study evaluated markers of inflammation in black CAD patients, some of whom had metabolic syndrome. Metabolic ...

Inflammatory factors, adipocytokines, and the metabolic syndrome are important determinants of cardiometabolic disease. It remains unclear how physical activity is related to these risk factors. Our objective was to investigate single and joint associations of physical activity with inflammatory factors, adipocytokines, and the metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and older Chinese ...

CONTEXT: Chemerin is a novel adipokine previously associated with metabolic syndrome phenotypes in a small sample of subjects from Mauritius. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine whether plasma chemerin levels were associated with metabolic syndrome phenotypes in a larger sample from a second, unrelated human population. DESIGN, ...

This is a study of a cohort of 117 men aged between 34-69 years, with plasma testosterone levels between 5.9-12.1 nmol/L (N>14.0 nmol/L) who were treated with administration of testosterone undecanoate for 1 year as the sole intervention. There was a remarkable improvement of body weight, BMI and waist size ...

OBJECTIVE: Metabolic abnormalities contribute to increases in the mortality rate of patients on hemodialysis. Here, we estimate the importance and influence of metabolic syndrome and malnutrition on mortality rate. DESIGN: This was a follow-up study. METHODS: We examined the demographic characteristics of time on dialysis, body mass index, indications for ...

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was approximately 50% for Puerto Rican elders living in Massachusetts. Diet is known to be associated with metabolic syndrome. Little information exists regarding the dietary intakes of Puerto Ricans. We aimed to characterize the dietary patterns of 1167 Puerto Ricans (45-75 y) using principal components ...

To perform a case-control study to test the association between metabolic syndrome features and prostate cancer. The metabolic syndrome refers to a cluster of conditions serving as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The metabolic syndrome is prevalent in the United States, and the spectrum of specific features has been shown ...

INTRODUCTION: Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived hormone controlling lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, has been suggested to be a biomarker for metabolic syndrome in the general population. This study investigated the association between adiponectin levels and metabolic syndrome in patients treated with atypical antipsychotics. METHODS: Anthropometric and metabolic parameters and serum adiponectin levels ...

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, regarded as an important risk factor for coronary artery disease and stroke, is growing. However, the association between the metabolic syndrome and stroke, particularly in patients following coronary revascularization, remains unknown. Therefore, the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and stroke was examined among ...