Background Medication surveillance is not commonly performed for cytotoxic agents. Cytotoxic agents generally have a narrow therapeutic range and therefore it might be necessary to adjust the dose. Interactions may not only cause supratherapeutic ranges, but can also lead to subtherapeutic levels. Up till now, only a few studies have ...

Different compound feeds have to be manufactured in the same production line. As a consequence, traces of the first produced feed may remain in the production and get mixed with the next feed batches. This "carry-over" is unavoidable, and so non-medicated feed can be contaminated with veterinary drugs like antibiotics ...

Cytotoxicity measurements are often performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of medical device materials. Here, we describe the use of a real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) system for the investigation of biocompatibility of medical devices by comparing RTCA results to two distinct methods described in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) guidelines. ...

Hydrocortisone (cortisol) is used daily in the practice of medicine and hand surgery. It has an effective use in a number of orthopedic conditions, including tendinitis, tenovaginitis, bursitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and joint inflammation. But are surgeons aware of how this important pharmaceutical agent was discovered and prepared for clinical ...

AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a commercial antimicrobial formulation, Byotrol(™) G32, as a potential coating for impeding biofilm formation on medical devices such as urinary catheters. METHODS AND RESULTS: The antimicrobial activity of Byotrol(™) G32 and its individual constituents have been tested on planktonic and biofilm ...

Tetrabenzoporphyrins have attracted considerable worldwide attention over the last few decades. Since the discovery of these pigments, chemists, biologists, medical professionals and material scientists have devoted pronounced efforts in order to develop synthetic methods and discover useful applications for these compounds. Nowadays, tetrabenzoporphyrins occupy a prominent position in porphyrin chemistry, ...

The depot antipsychotics are synthesized by esterification of the active drug to a long chain fatty acid and the resultant compound is then dissolved in a vegetable oil, with the exception of some molecules of new generation characterized by microcrystalline technologies. The absorption rate constant is slower than the elimination ...

Pediatric healthcare, to include compounded medications, is a challenge for healthcare providers. Although current studies have provided important new information about drug safety and effectiveness for children, carrying out studies in children is difficult. Age-appropriate equipment and medical techniques, along with specialists who are sensitive to a child's concerns, are ...

Prosthetic medical device-associated infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality rates. Novel improved materials and surfaces exhibiting inappropriate conditions for microbial development are urgently required in the medical environment. This study reveals the benefit of using natural Mentha piperita essential oil, combined with a 5 nm core/shell nanosystem-improved surface ...

The full text of the Preface is given in the PDF file. References [1] Nagayam B A et al 2012 J. Neural Eng. 9 065001 [2] Wise A K et al 2012 J. Neural Eng. 9 065002 [3] Davis T S et al 2012 J. Neural Eng. 9 065003 [4] ...

The objective of this case report was to review acquired canine urethral incontinence in a case of a 2-year-old beagle that presented for inappropriate urination. Commercially available medications, as well as compounded medical therapeutic options, were reviewed. Diagnostic results revealed cystitis, which responded to the prescribed antibiotics. The incontinence issue ...

Innovative CMC-based hydrogels with great potentials for usage in medical area were principally synthesized as per two strategies .The first involved reaction of epichlorohydrin in alkaline medium containing silver nitrate to yield silver nano-particles (AgNPs)-loaded CMC hydrogel. While CMC acted as stabilizing for AgNPs, trisodium citrate was added to the ...

A satellite compound of an International Security Assistance Force Patrol Base came under assault during OP HERRICK 12 resulting in eight casualties. Multiple fragmentation type injuries were sustained over a short period of time which tested the locations medical capacity. This account describes the events that occurred in extracting and ...

Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome (ADS) occurs after abrupt discontinuation of an antidepressant medication. A 23-year-old man with right hippocampal agenesis demonstrated sexual crime (hypersexuality) since the age of eight and had been successfully treated with carbamazepine since the age of 13. He had required increased doses of paroxetine and carbamazepine owing ...

Many new medications were approved throughout 2011. This article will cover a variety of drugs that will be useful in nurse practitioner practice.

ABSTRACT:: It seems obvious that if a significant increase in occupancy occurs in the immediate vicinity of any radiation room a reexamination of the adequacy of the shielding should be performed. We discuss a facility where a new building was constructed in close proximity to an existing medical linear accelerator ...

Medical Education 2012: 46: 143-152 Context  The clinical workplace in which doctors learn involves many social groups, including representatives of different professions, clinical specialties and workplace teams. This paper suggests that medical education research does not currently take full account of the effects of group membership, and describes a theoretical ...

Purpose An initiative to improve procedures and safeguards for inpatient oral contraceptive use at an academic medical center is described. Summary A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine patterns of oral contraceptive use and potential areas for quality improvement. During the six-month period covered by the chart review, a ...

Medical Education 2012: 46 : 153-162 Context  Aphorisms are succinct sayings that offer advice. They have permanently coloured medical culture and inhabit it in the same way as uncertainty; they are acknowledged, but rarely explored. Little has been written analytically or critically about the meanings and purposes of aphorisms in ...

OBJECTIVE: To review the scientific literature on pharmaceutical advertising aimed at health professionals in order to determine whether gender bias has decreased and the quality of information in pharmaceutical advertising has improved over time. METHODS: We performed a content analysis of original articles dealing with medical drug promotion (1998-2008), according ...

This article describes the strategies used by physicians to interact with Internet-informed patients, alongside illustrating the motives underlying such strategies. Semistructured interviews were conducted with a sample of 17 physicians from primary care and medical specialist practices in the Italian part of Switzerland. The sample was diversified in terms of ...

Clevidipine butyrate is the first intravenous antihypertensive drug to be approved by the FDA over the last decade. This medication is approved for use in the USA, Australia and New Zealand, but is still pending for approval in Europe. It is a new agent that might change the current management ...

BACKGROUND: Rural settings challenge health care providers to provide optimal medication services in a manner that is timely and of high quality. Extending the roles of rural health care providers is often necessary to improve access to medication services; however, there appears to be a lack of pharmacy-based involvement and ...

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the effects of medical notes (MD) in an electronic medical records (EMR) system on doctors' work practices at an Emergency Department (ED). METHODS: We conducted a six-month qualitative study, including in situ field observations and semi-structured interviews, in an ED affiliated ...

Background: The current focus on patient safety and evidence-based medical education has led to an increased interest in utilising virtual reality (VR) for medical training. The development of VR-based systems require experts from different disciplines to collaborate with shared and agreed objectives throughout a system's development process. Both the development ...

As part of the Mini-Sentinel pilot program, under contract with the Food and Drug Administration, an effort has been made to evaluate the validity of algorithms useful for identifying health outcomes of interest, including suicide and suicide attempt. Literature was reviewed to evaluate how well medical episodes associated with these ...

The aim of this study was to examine how the adoption of PACS has affected the professional relationships among radiologists and referring providers and to evaluate the effect of PACS on perceptions of radiologists' roles in patient care. A medical anthropologic approach was used to assess the impact of PACS ...

Nocturnal enuresis can be discomfiting and troublesome. There is increasing evidence that as a side-effect of second-generation antipsychotics, particularly clozapine, it may be underrecognised. Direct but sensitive questioning may be required to elicit this side-effect. We briefly review possible mechanisms of this problem, and management and treatment options.

The acquisition of sums of knowledge and mastery of sophisticated technologies by medical graduates is insufficient for their responsibilities to recognise and adapt to people's evolving needs. A Global Consensus on Social Accountability for Medical Schools brought together 130 organisations and individuals from around the world with responsibility for health ...

There is growing medical consensus in a unifying concept of human death. All human death involves the irreversible loss of the capacity for consciousness, combined with the irreversible loss of the capacity to breathe. Death then is a result of the irreversible loss of these functions in the brain. This ...

An increased understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the process of addiction has led to unique molecular targets and strategies for pharmacotherapies against addiction. However, the successful translation of these discoveries will require: 1) a more active engagement of the pharmaceutical sector, 2) partnership with regulatory agencies to arrive at ...

Patient and provider safety is paramount in all aspects of emergency medical services (EMS) systems. The leaders, administrators, and policymakers of these systems must have an understanding of situations that present potential for harm to patients or providers. This study analyzed reports to a statewide EMS safety event reporting system ...

Medical Education 2012: 46: 80-88 Context  For the last 30 years, developments in cognitive sciences have demonstrated that human behaviour, beliefs and attitudes are shaped by automatic and unconscious cognitive processes. Only recently has much attention been paid to how unconscious biases based on certain patient characteristics may: (i) result in ...

Individuals with a history of heroin dependence are overrepresented in American correctional facilities and 75% of inmates with a drug use disorder do not receive treatment during incarceration or after release. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) with opiate agonists, such as methadone or buprenorphine, constitutes standard of care; to guide planning for ...

OBJECTIVE: To explore medical professionals' and trainees' experiences and views of behavior change talk in various health care settings to develop current understanding of the challenges that underlie this phenomenon. METHODS: Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with medical professionals and trainees (n=29). Grounded theory principles informed sampling, data collection and ...

This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity and the related demographic data and health behaviors of Thai medical students. A cross-sectional study of 5441 medical students from all the 13 medical schools in Thailand was conducted in 2006 by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Demographic data, health ...

One of the major needs for medical schools and health systems in less affluent countries is system strengthening through the training and development of faculty, doctors, nurses, and other skilled health care workers. Partnering with medical schools in more affluent countries such as the United States is one potential approach ...

Objective. In this article, we adopt a syndemic approach to immigrant tuberculosis (TB) in Canada as a way of challenging contemporary epidemiological models of infectious diseases that tend to racialize and medicalize the risk of infections in socio-economically disadvantage populations and obscure the role of social conditions in sustaining the ...

This article examines the history of the Seattle school clinic (1914-21) and the efforts of public school administrators to institutionalize a full-service medical program for poor and working class children. At its height, thirty-six volunteer physicians and thirteen partially paid dentists organized within nine departments performed a range of diagnostic ...

This study explores patients' and physicians' perceptions of the use of medical terminology in patient-physician communication. Perceptions of time emerge as an overarching theme and the relationships between perceived time pressures and medical terms are analyzed. Data for this qualitative exploratory study were collected in 28 semistructured interviews with native ...

Since the 1980s, Islamic scholars and medical experts have used the tools of Islamic law to formulate ethico-legal opinions on brain death. These assessments have varied in their determinations and remain controversial. Some juridical councils such as the Organization of Islamic Conferences' Islamic Fiqh Academy (OIC-IFA) equate brain death with ...

The association between the laryngeal saccule and a laryngocele is an important clinical relationship. Here, we describe this and other clinical correlations of the saccule including infection and carcinoma and suggest that these should be discussed in medical gross anatomy courses. We also briefly present some descriptive information on the ...

Two toddlers presented to their primary medical providers with anasarca and severe anemia. Laboratory evaluation revealed iron deficiency along with hypoproteinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Both children were diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia and were suspected to have an associated protein-losing enteropathy. A brief review of the literature is provided, and data ...

Serious mental illness (SMI) is associated with high rates of tobacco and other drug dependence, poor treatment compliance, obesity and low levels of physical activity, which have severe medical and psychosocial consequences. Interventions that effectively reduce these health risk behaviors among people with SMI are urgently needed. Published reports from ...

PURPOSE: Clinicians rely on a large amount of medical knowledge when performing clinical work. In clinical environment, clinical organizations must exploit effective methods of seeking and recommending appropriate medical knowledge in order to help clinicians perform their work. METHOD: Aiming at supporting medical knowledge search more accurately and realistically, this ...

Central venous access has become a mainstay of modern interventional radiology practice. Its history has paralleled and enabled many current medical therapies. This short overview provides an interesting historical perspective of these increasingly common interventional procedures.

In this paper we articulate a growing awareness within the field of the ways in which medical humanities could be deemed expressive of Western cultural values. The authors suggest that medical humanities is culturally limited by a pedagogical and scholarly emphasis on Western cultural artefacts, as well as a tendency ...

This paper suggests a novel approach concerning the medical treatment of human beings, which appears to be economically and practically superior to either biomedicine or traditional medicine. A brand new medical system-Hehe () medicine, has been proposed based on a preventive-biomedical-psycho-social treatment model. This is characterized by a dual approach ...

Dear Editor, By focussing on the details of the Watson case, I believe Bryan Walpole has missed the thrust of my earlier letter. I agree this was a complex case, which is why I deliberately avoided the murky specifics in order to consider the 'big-picture' ramifications of the judgement. My ...

The development and distribution of mobile applications, or apps, designed for medical professionals and patients is quickly expanding, and within this group are apps designed specifically for orthopedic use. Currently, the most popular mobile apps are sponsored by private companies and focus on delivering device-specific information. If this trend toward ...