Complementary and alternative medications, including the use of herbal medications, have become quite popular in the USA. Yerberias are found throughout the southwest and specialize in selling Hispanic herbal products. The products sold in these stores are not regulated by any governmental agency. Previous reports have found Ayurvedic medications contain ...

James WH. The relevance of the epidemiology of human sex ratios at birth to some medical problems. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2012; 26: 181-189. The human sex ratio (proportion male at birth) shows considerable variation which is central to reproductive epidemiology. For example, it has reportedly shown significant secular trends ...

PURPOSE: To assess the awareness and level of exposure of interventional radiology (IR) among medical students at a Canadian medical school. To understand how IR can be better described and introduced to medical students. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic anonymous surveys were sent to 542 medical students in their first, second, ...

OBJECTIVE:: To describe the investigation of a 2007 occupational coccidioidomycosis outbreak in California, recommend prevention measures, and assess statewide disease burden. METHODS:: We evaluated the worksite, observed work practices, interviewed the workers and employer, reviewed medical records, provided prevention recommendations including risk-based respirator selection, and analyzed statewide workers' compensation claims. ...

In an effort to self-medicate psychological distress stemming from exposure to traumatic life events, at-risk youth may be likely to seek intoxication via substance use. Concomitantly, self-medication with psychoactive substances is theorized to confer risk of developing future psychiatric and substance use disorders. The present study employed structural equation modeling ...

Widely accepted treatment guidelines and performance measures encourage patients to stay on antidepressant medication beyond the acute phase of treatment in order to achieve full remission and reduce risk of relapse. However, many patients discontinue antidepressant medication treatment prematurely for various reasons, including side-effects or nonresponse to the initial medication ...

Removal half-life (RHL) of tritium is one of the best means for optimising medical treatment, reduction of committed effective dose (CED) and quick/easy handling of a large group of workers for medical treatment reference. The removal of tritium from the body depends on age, temperature, relative humidity and daily rainfall; ...

BACKGROUND: Potentially teratogenic medications are frequently prescribed without provision of contraceptive counseling. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether computerized clinical decision support (CDS) can increase primary care providers' (PCPs') provision of family planning services when prescribing potentially teratogenic medications. DESIGN: Cluster-randomized trial conducted in one academic and one community-based practice between October ...

Cases of occupational disease, solvent encephalopathy and occupational asthma are used to exemplify failings of the workers' compensation system in South Africa, that include delays in processing claims, non-response to requests for information, and inadequate assessment of disability. These and other systemic deficiencies in administration of the Compensation for Occupational ...

Background: Clinical practice guidelines have an important role in guiding choices among the numerous medications available to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, but little is known about their quality. Purpose: To assess whether guidelines on oral medications for type 2 diabetes are consistent with a systematic review of the current ...

To compare the skills and knowledge of clinical ophthalmology among medical interns in Enugu, Nigeria, to the recommendations of the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO). A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was conducted of Medical Interns attending the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, from April 2010 ...

A continuous exposure or contact to latex products may sensitize the human body by causing mild to fatal reactions. Despite the availability of the literature, medical personnel are still unaware of the implications of the use of latex materials. The increased awareness to prevent the transmission of infectious blood borne ...

Objectives. We aimed to describe how work exposure and occupational health is assessed for mine workers in Murmansk Oblast, Russia.Study design. A descriptive study based on current practice, laws and available literature.Methods. The information and data were obtained from scientific publications, reports, regional and federal statistics, legal documents, through personal ...

The question is what the mandated medical minimum for all should be. The correct answer is zero. That is to say, the government should not be forcing anyone to pay for anyone. The most popular arguments within the liberal framework, presumed to be shared by all, are briefly surveyed. Health ...

Forensic medical practitioners urgently require credentials and national guidelines.

The Canadian College of Medical Geneticists (ccmg) is a national organization of medical and laboratory geneticists. The mission of the ccmg is to establish and maintain high-quality professional and ethical standards for medical genetics services in Canada and to help to ensure that service of the highest quality is delivered ...

This article identifies the role played by a series of medical scandals in the UK, occurring from the mid-1990s onwards, in ending a collegial model of self-regulation of the medical profession that had endured for 150 years. The state's original motive in endorsing professional self-regulation was to resolve the principal-agent ...

This overview of the Educating for Safety supplement issue explores the context and urgency of the problem of unsafe care, what we have learned about improving both safety and quality in health care, and the implications of this for educators. This supplement issue is a response to the charge of ...

The use of ultrasound contrast media is yet to be validated in children. The rare reports in the scientific literature denote their "sporadic" and "experimental" use. Their most likely use is in the setting of off-label prescription of medications. As there are still no guidelines available in Italy for the ...

According to the court's position, an absence of procedure that flows the medical information between the specialists and the family doctors is considered malpractice on the part of the fund that insures. In the medical practice of the Israel Defense Force, there is an uncompromised system to deal with this ...

From 2001 to 2010, there were 20,522 diagnoses of animal bites among U.S. military members. Of these, 643 (3.1%) were documented during medical encounters in combat theater. The majority of bites were "dog bites" and occurred more in males, soldiers, and those in infantry and law enforcement occupations. A small ...

Although widespread, the use of disease-based employment medical standards is poorly understood or researched. A probabilistic model and threshold value are developed and applied to a military (Canadian Forces [CF]) medical standard for anaphylaxis. Frequency estimates of prevalence, occurrence, and impairing reactions are determined from the literature for military applicants ...

Most American historians of medicine today would be very hesitant about any claim that medical history humanises doctors, medical students or the larger health care enterprise. Yet, the idea that history can and ought to serve modern medicine as a humanising force has been a persistent refrain in American medicine. ...

Self-administration of new biological medications can be difficult for Rheumatoid Arthritis patients with functional impairment and hand and dexterity limitation. Twenty-three Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients participated in this study to compare preferences and injection forces using a conventional syringe and a new ergonomically designed syringe. Injection force measurements were collected ...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic condition with substantial morbidity that can now be treated with disease-modifying biologic agents that target tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or related mechanisms. The anti-TNF biologic agents are available in either intravenous (IV) or subcutaneous dose forms. The biologic agents with an indication for ...

Background. The human being is a self-reflecting, relationship-oriented, goal-directed organism in search of meaning. The process of coordinating and developing knowledge about how experience associated with self-conscience, relationships and values can contribute to development of health and disease is a great challenge for the medical profession. Material and methods. We ...

To develop evidence-based practice guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of opioid abuse and dependence. An international task force of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) developed these practice guidelines after a systematic review of the available evidence pertaining to the treatment of opioid dependence. On the basis ...

Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909) still represents one of the most famous and, at the same time, controversial figures of neuropsychiatry. His idea of the "atavist" criminal, prisoner of his/her biologic inheritance, became extremely popular in Western countries. Unfortunately, Lombroso's theory of a strict connection between epilepsy and the criminal personality exerted ...

Abstract Background: The impacts of use of pharmacotherapy for psoriasis on patient outcomes and medication costs need further examination using up-to-date large nationally representative data. Objective: To examine the impacts of patient demographics and medication use on patient's health status and associated medication costs. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was ...

Health-care information technology and genotyping technology are both advancing rapidly, creating new opportunities for medical and scientific discovery. The convergence of these two technologies is now facilitating genetic association studies of unprecedented size within the context of routine clinical care. As a result, the medical community will soon be presented ...

There are multiple concerns regarding the practice of forced medication of clients with mental illness. Clients often report that side effects outweigh the benefits of psychotropic medication, while mental health clinicians often think the client may become dangerous without medication. Who should have the right to decide whether a client ...

Over the past decade, increasing evidence suggests that pharmaceuticals may continue to be potent beyond their date of expiration. Despite this evidence, we have not yet experienced a change in United States federal policy that would recommend usage of expired pharmaceuticals. While the scientific community and federal regulators continue to ...

The recent report of the AMA Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs (CEJA), "Professionalism in the Use of Social Media," describes the types of social media medical professionals use, outlines ways in which existing AMA policies address issues of online professionalism, and makes a list of recommendations for physicians to ...

Abstract:One hundred years ago, Flexner emphasized the importance of science in medicine and medical education. Over the subsequent years, science education in the premedical and medical curricula has changed little, in spite of the vast changes in the biomedical sciences. The National Research Council, in their report Bio 2010, noted ...

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Special Warfare Training Group, Airborne (SWTG)(A) at Fort Bragg, NC began a bilateral partnership in 2009 to enhance medical training, care and innovation in austere environments. As a result of this partnership, instructors from the Joint Special Operations Training Center ...

Relevant literature demonstrates the absolute necessity of Special Operations Forces (SOF) clinical narratives to the medics they teach and care they deliver, and discusses the concept of narrative pedagogy via review of extant literature and also SOF-specific clinical literature. SOF clinicians (medics, physicians? assistants, physicians, etc.) provide advanced trauma, clinical, ...

The use of Fresh Whole Blood (FWB) transfusions can be a powerful tool for the Special Operations Forces (SOF) medic to treat uncontrolled hemorrhage. In fact, it may be the only tool currently available for hemostatic resuscitation, which along with hypotensive resuscitation, forms the basis for Damage Control Resuscitation (DCR). ...

Afghanistan has the highest perinatal mortality rate in the entire world. One Afghani woman dies every 30 minutes from perinatal- related event. One of eight Afghani women will die from perinatal events. Maternal mortality is (use percentage, not fractions) 1600/100,000 vs 13 /100,000 in the United States. Afghanistan is one ...

This essay provides a summary of my professional activities. My interest in renal physiology started as a medical student in Vienna, when I became acquainted with Homer Smith's essays on kidney function. After moving to the United States in 1951, I was fortunate to be mentored by Robert Pitts, in ...

Changes in the cortisol awakening response (CAR) were studied in women participating in a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program after completion of their medical treatment for breast cancer. Thirty-three women completed questionnaires pre- and post-MBSR pertaining to: stress, depressive symptomatology, and medical symptoms. The CAR was assessed on 3 days ...

Games are a significant and defining part of human culture, and their utility beyond pure entertainment has been demonstrated with so-called 'serious games'. Biotechnology - despite its recent advancements - has had no impact on gaming yet. Here we propose the concept of 'biotic games', i.e., games that operate on ...

Bryostatin is a natural product that has many medically promising biological activities. Understanding how bryostatin is assembled by the producting symbiotic bacterium has been hampered by the limited availability of genetic information. In the new report, Buchholz et al. (2010) circumvented this issue by using surrogates to replace missing catalytic components.

Medical applications frequently contain a wide range of functionalities. Users are often unaware of all of the functionalities available. More effective ways of delivering information about available functionalities to the users are needed. We conducted a pseudo-randomized controlled trial to determine whether interruptive alerts will increase utilization of several functionalities ...

Recent theoretical and empirical work suggests that while unmedicated, children with ADHD have a deficit in subcortical processing that leads to greater and more varied prefrontal cortical (PFC) activation, compared to (a) age-matched control participants and (b) their own brain activity while on stimulant medication. This pattern has been described ...

As the 21st century dawns, I reflect on the history of humankind with growing concern about the need to understand the underlying biological and cultural roots of ethnic conflict and warfare. In the many studies of human conflict, innate biological predispositions have been neglected. This article is the third part ...

AIMS: Cognitive function in the elderly has a significant impact on prognosis and functional ability during an acute illness requiring hospital admission. METHODS: This prospective review was designed to measure how well cognitive function in the elderly was documented by medical staff at admission to hospital. Over a 2-week period, ...

We present a novel technique to produce narrow-band X-rays by preparing (161)Ho from the bombardment of dysprosium foil by 11.6 MeV protons. The activated foil produces predominantly 45-55 keV X-rays, which are suitable for activating iodinated radio-sensitizing agents (e.g. IUdR) for oncological therapy. We demonstrate that clinically useful quantities of ...

Gait analysis technology can collect a subject's gait data when walking through motion capture systems, force plates, electromyography (EMG), and sensors. It can now be applied to a variety of medical applications. The authors review the recent advances in gait analysis technology and its current clinical application in hip arthroplasty.

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed students' awareness of radiation exposures and determined the impact a curriculum in clinical radiology (CICR) had on awareness. METHODS: Six hundred seventy medical students at one medical school were studied. CICR was delivered in yearly modules over the 5-year programme. Five hundred twenty-three students (years 1-5), ...

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) take more medicines, other than those for anti-dementia agents, than healthy people and are sensitive to anticholinergic medications. There are only a few reports, however, on the relationship between cognitive function and anticholinergic activity in AD patients, which is caused by taking prescribed ...