ABSTRACT: Barefoot running, which was how people ran for millions of years, provides an opportunity to study how natural selection adapted the human body to run. Because humans evolved to run barefoot, a barefoot running style which minimizes impact peaks and provides increased proprioception and foot strength, is hypothesized to ...

Doctors are increasingly seen as key to embedding health service improvements and there has been much international debate over how best this can be achieved. This article takes an international perspective on medical leadership and leadership development through discussion of case study examples and initiatives from around the world.

Integration is an important educational strategy in medical education. Considering this idea, the goal of the present study was to design and implementation of longitudinal and vertical integrated education of anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, neurology and neuropsychiatry subjects of brain's basal ganglia by a multidisciplinary team. Kern's approach to curriculum development ...

This article examines the links between medical professionalism and medical leadership and discusses how the values that are required to be a 'good doctor' are the same as a 'good leader'. The potential of this overlap to inform the debate on developing and assessing both medical leadership and professionalism is ...

<span style="font-weight: bold"> <⁄span> There are public concerns regarding OxyContin (Purdue Pharma, Canada) and charges within the pain medicine community that media coverage of the drug has been biased. <span style="font-weight: bold"> <⁄span> To analyze and compare representations of OxyContin in medical journals and North American newspapers in an attempt ...

As leadership and management are increasingly seen as a vital part of the doctor's daily repertoire, medical schools are starting to implement leadership development programmes as a routine part of the curriculum with opportunities for some students to take extended study in leadership.

OBJECTIVE: Existing investigations on medical error disclosures have neglected the fact that a disproportionately large amount of the meaning in messages is derived from nonverbal cues. This study provides an empirical assessment of the verbal and nonverbal messages physicians communicate when disclosing medical errors to standardized patients. METHODS: Sixty hypothetical ...

Medical leadership is now becoming embedded at all stages of medical education and training. This article summarizes key policy and practice drivers, highlights some of the debates around what constitutes medical leadership and provides examples of leadership development initiatives.

This paper introduces a new algorithm for losslessly compressing voxel-based 3D CT medical images. Firstly, medical data is segmented according to selected ranges of the Hounsfield scale. The data is then arranged into two data streams. The first stream identifies the positions of the remaining data after segmentation. This information ...

The study was conducted to determine whether geographic location, primary specialty, attitudes and knowledge influence the prescribing habits of physicians regarding extended-use oral contraceptives (OC) and medically induced amenorrhea. Practice characteristics, contraceptive prescription habits, menstrual cycle physiology knowledge and attitudes about medically induced amenorrhea of Oregon obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) ...

Medicine is dependent on strong leaders to advance innovation in the clinical care of patients. In most academic medical streams, there is no explicit system-wide approach for succession planning and leadership development. In late 2009, it was clear to the authors' department that they were at risk of losing high-potential ...

Knowledge of the patient's perspective on medical error is limited. Research efforts have centered on how best to disclose error and how patients desire to have medical error disclosed. On the basis of a qualitative descriptive component of a mixed method study, a purposive sample of 30 community members told ...

In this article we study knowledge about HIV/AIDS in Ghana. We investigate inhabitants' medical literacy, focusing on potential misconceptions of transmission mechanisms of the epidemic. Our basic premise is that well-organized health programmes over a longer time span will better prepare and fine-tune the local mentality for scientifically founded messages. ...

This final rule will clarify, expand, and add to the existing enrollment requirements that Durable Medical Equipment and Prosthetics, Orthotics, and Supplies (DMEPOS) suppliers must meet to establish and maintain billing privileges in the Medicare program.

In Germany, the proportion of foreign national residents receiving an invalidity pension is higher than that of Germans. Lower utilization and effectiveness of medical rehabilitation are presumed to be the main reasons. We aimed to examine whether differences in utilization and effectiveness of medical rehabilitation between Germans and foreign nationals ...

A major goal of physical medicine and rehabilitation is the recovery of function after an injury or the underlying medical condition that has caused impairment in one's daily functioning. The rehabilitation process involves a complex interplay of many factors that influence how well a person benefits from medical rehabilitation. There ...

Background/Aims: Our knowledge of safe medication use during pregnancy is limited, due primarily to the lack of rigorous studies evaluating birth outcomes associated with in utero exposure to medications. A collaborative research program, the Medication Use in Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes Program, between the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and ...

Medical programs are valuable tools when they properly align with operational objectives. In counterinsurgency operations, the medical program should promote the capacity of the host nation government and lead to greater self-sufficiency. The Medical Civic Action Program (MEDCAP) often fails to fully integrate host nation providers and officials which may ...

OBJECTIVE: To provide benchmarking information for a large national sample of patients receiving inpatient rehabilitation after a stroke. DESIGN: Analysis of secondary data from 893 medical rehabilitation facilities located in the United States and contributing information to the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation from 2000 to 2007. RESULTS: Variables ...

Medical necessity is a legal, not medical, term. Depending on the stakeholder's point of view, it may seem less about human need and dispensing medical care and more about a web of rules, rulings, regulations, and manuals, especially for Medicare patients, who use the lion's share of rehabilitation services. In ...

The myocytes comprising the ventricular mass are arranged so as to function in antagonistic fashion, the walls having the capacity to generate both constrictive and dilatory forces. This dualistic activity is organized on the basis of a site-specific morphologic pattern, permitting marked regional specificity for mural motion and providing a ...

Recent work in speech perception has demonstrated that listeners are able to rapidly adapt to foreign- accented speech (Clarke and Garrett, 2004). However, it is not clear whether adaptation to an unfamiliar regional accent operates in the same way. Although some studies have shown that listeners are able to adapt ...

U.S. Navy Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program B-reading reports were analyzed for variability in identifying pneumoconiosis in 278,944 chest radiographs done from 1990 to 2004 using commercial database and statistical software. Reported presence of pneumoconiosis by 33 B-readers ranged from 1.85 to 32.28%. The reported presence of parenchymal abnormalities ranged from ...

After an annual introduction of new Fellows one of them viewed the neckties on display and, referring to their sagittary motif, was heard to say, 'I suppose it is the College crest.' Of course, it is precisely not that. The only crest the College has is that of its arms, ...

The demand for soft power tools to positively influence stability and security has increased interest in Humanitarian Medical Assistance. Current medical manpower determination processes for staffing medical missions are based on the Required Operational Capabilities in the Projected Operational Environment. These platforms are designed to support combat casualty, disaster relief, ...

INTRODUCTION: Medical colleges both in public and private sector in Nepal have been supporting national TB control program (NTP) in its effort to control TB and its eventual elimination. Official collaboration between Nepalganj Medical College (NGMC), a private sector medical college and NTP was developed in 2000; a joint private-public ...

This study compared patterns of poststroke depression (PSD) detection among veterans with acute stroke in eight U.S. geographic regions. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical and pharmacy data as well as Medicare data were used. International Classification of Diseases-9th Revision depression codes and antidepressant medication dispensing were applied to define ...

The information content of visible spectra has been evaluated, by means of some selected chemometrical techniques, for its ability to trace the geographical origin of extra virgin olive oils coming from several Mediterranean regions. Special attention was paid to extra virgin olive oil produced in West Liguria, a North Italy ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the new set-up of our Master of Science program in medical informatics that started in September 2006 at the University of Amsterdam-Academic Medical Center, The Netherlands. METHODS: To harmonize with the Bologna declaration, we transformed our former medical informatics program from a 4-year course into a 3-year ...

Casual observation of gluteal region fat thickness on computed tomography (CT) of the pelvis leads to the hypothesis that, in some individuals, intended intramuscular injections are not properly deposited in the gluteal muscle. We gathered and analyzed data to determine whether this hypothesis was true. CT scans of the pelvis ...

Haptics, namely the sense of touch, has been playing an important role in medical simulation. However, most medical practitioners, who are best suited to create the training environments, do not have the engineering expertise necessary for programming a haptic environment. We propose a user-friendly interface that allows surgeons to arbitrarily ...

We theoretically study channel plasmon-polaritons (CPPs) with a geometry similar to that in recent experiments at telecommunication wavelengths [Bozhevolnyi et al., Nature 440, 508 (2006)]. The CPP modal shape, dispersion relation, and losses are simulated by using the multiple multipole method and the finite difference time domain technique. It is ...

Adulteration of extra virgin olive oil with sunflower oil is a major issue for the olive oil industry. In this paper, the potential of total synchronous fluorescence (TSyF) spectra to differentiate virgin olive oil from sunflower oil and synchronous fluorescence (SyF) spectra combined with multivariate analysis to assess the adulteration ...

PURPOSE: To describe the framework for medical rehabilitation in Croatia and to discuss its influence on the practice of the specialty. METHODS: Collection, analysis and interpretation of data pertaining to the need for medical rehabilitation in the country and to its elements of structure, process and outcome of care. RESULTS: ...

Unusual behaviours not normally seen in the wild were studied in 52 captive agile (Hylobates agilis albibarbis) and 23 Müllers gibbons (H. muelleri spp) at three locations within the Kalaweit Gibbon Rehabilitation Project. Unusual behaviours included stereotypic behaviour (SB), human-directed masturbation and posterior presenting. These data were collected over 18 ...

The barrier to global health most often noted in Western discourse is the enduring disparity of access to medical technologies. This assessment of the circumstances in global health fits well within a bioethic centered on the equitable distribution of access to medical goods. Yet through an interrogative consideration of two ...

Organochlorine (OC) residues were measured in eggs and blood of different subspecies of the lesser black-backed gull, Larus fuscus, on the Norwegian coast: a) increasing L. f. intermedius in the North Sea; b) endangered L. f. fuscus near the Arctic Circle; c) L. f. fuscus and greyish-mantled gulls, with a ...

This report describes the subjective and objective socio-medical rehabilitation success of a cohort of patients with a primary musculoskeletal or cardiovascular diagnosis 1 year after medical rehabilitation. Furthermore, the predictive value of patients' motivation, expectations and subjective need for rehabilitation, at time of application, on rehabilitation success are examined. Data ...

In this paper, we propose an unbalanced three-dimensional (3-D) coefficient tree structure for 3-D region-of-interest (ROI) coding of medical volumetric data. We compare the proposed coding scheme against 3-D SPIHT and a recent technique that employs optimal tree construction shown to improve the performance of the 3-D SPIHT algorithm. For ...

Synaptopodin is an actin-associated molecule found in a subset of telencephalic spines. It is an essential component of the spine apparatus, a Ca(2+)-storing organelle and has been implicated in synaptic plasticity (Deller et al. [2003] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:10494-10499). In the rodent hippocampus, Synaptopodin is distributed ...

Fireflies emit flashes in the green-yellow region of the spectrum for the purpose of sexual attraction. The bioluminescence color is determined by the luciferases. It is well known that the in vitro bioluminescence color of firefly luciferases can be shifted toward the red by lower pH and higher temperature; for ...

OBJECTIVE: Most developed countries have medical surveillance programs for some of the workers (typically miners) exposed to silica, but the impact of these programs is not documented. METHODS: Clinical data from 1388 compensated silicotic workers in Quebec, Canada, were used. The severity of disease at compensation was compared between workers ...

A better understanding of gastric accommodation and gastric perception requires knowledge of regional gastric geometry and local gastric tension throughout the stomach. An analytic method based on medical imaging data was developed in this study to describe the three-dimensional (3D) rat stomach geometry and tension distribution. The surface principal radii ...

Secondary prevention of strokes is an important issue during the admission to the inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). There are many clinical practice guidelines with strong levels of evidence that address the secondary prophylaxis of strokes. The Post-Stroke Rehabilitation Outcomes Project (PSROP) database was used to describe the frequency that antiplatelet ...

We have investigated the behavior of surface plasmon polariton of a left-handed material (LHM) nano-slab. The LHM slab is chosen to operate in visible region, that is, it has negative permittivity and permeability within a frequency range of visible light. The dispersion curves of the LHM slab and the corresponding ...

The structured social security scheme established in Germany is clearly reflected in the configuration of the German rehabilitation system. For medical rehabilitation the institutions of statutory pension insurance and statutory health insurance are of particular importance. Within the past decades differentiated supply structures were built up and re-built within the ...

Regional Medical Center is a 400-bed hospital located in the affluent northern suburbs of a medium-sized metropolitan area in the Midwest. Regional's revenues are approaching $200 million annually and have been increasing by an average of 10 percent per year for the past five years. Regional's operating margin has ranged ...

This final rule responds to public comments on the September 9, 2003 proposed rule, and revises the classification criterion, commonly known as the "75 percent rule," used to classify a hospital as an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). This final rule also modifies and expands the medical conditions listed in the ...

Physician manpower issues have been of interest to Canadians and government officials for several decades. Since the first otolaryngology manpower survey was completed by Dr. Percy Ireland in 1962, there have been progressive declines in the physician-to-population ratio across Canada from 1 in 42 000 in 1962 to approximately 1 ...

The practice of neurorehabilitation is unique in that it supplements treatments with medications which complement and expedite the rehabilitation process. In stroke rehabilitation, medications can be used not only to treat poststroke secondary complications but also to facilitate recovery. Since only thrombolytics have been demonstrated to be effective in minimizing ...