INTRODUCTION: Obstetrical hemorrhage is the second leading cause of direct maternal mortality (18% of maternal deaths) in developed countries and is the leading cause of severe maternal morbidity. The rising rate of obstetrical hemorrhage attributed to the repeated cesarean sections and invasive placental disorders, requiring blood transfusion has emphasized the ...

Sorafenib is a chemotherapeutic agent primarily used to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It is a multikinase inhibitor that blocks cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Numerous cutaneous side effects have been reported in association with this medication, including acral erythema, inflammation of actinic keratoses, erythema multiforme, vasculitis, and keratoacanthomas. Up to ...

Purpose. This pilot study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of a text messaging system that allowed teenagers with asthma to generate and control medical reminders sent to their mobile phones. Methods. The 12 teens in the study group were able to create their own reminder text messages, add or ...

Allergic eye disease encompasses a group of hypersensitivity disorders which primarily affect the conjunctiva and its prevalence is increasing. It is estimated to affect 8% of patients attending optometric practice but is poorly managed and rarely involves ophthalmic assessment. Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) is the most common form of allergic ...

Spider silk is a fascinating material, combining remarkable mechanical properties with low density and biodegradability. Because of these properties and historical descriptions of medical applications, spider silk has been proposed to be the ideal biomaterial. However, overcoming the obstacles to produce spider silk in sufficient quantities and in a manner ...

This issue provides a clinical overview of sickle cell disease focusing on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, practice improvement, and patient information. Readers can complete the accompanying CME quiz for 1.5 credits. Only ACP members and individual subscribers can access the electronic features of In the Clinic. Non-subscribers who wish to access ...

Management of stable angina pectoris includes antianginal medications, medications to prevent progression of atherosclerosis, and aggressive treatment of causative risk factors. Antianginal medications commonly used include nitrates, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and ranolazine. Antiplatelet agents, statins, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are used in patients with these problems to prevent progression ...

Objectives. To understand how some of the top pediatric sickle cell centers are transitioning their adolescent patients from pediatric care given the diminished availability and quality of services in adult care. Design. The ethnographic research for this project was carried out over more than seven years. Patients, medical professionals, and ...

A systematic literature review was carried out to study patient security and possible harmful effects, immunity and interferences on medical devices, and effectiveness and transmission problems in healthcare and hospital environments due to electromagnetic interferences. The objective was to determine already-reported cases of patient security, immunity of medical devices, and ...

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a skin eruption of rapid onset and progression that is characterized by the formation of numerous sterile pustules on an erythematous background. Other features may include fever and leukocytosis, with resolution usually in less than 15 days. We present an 83-year-old woman with an ...

Minithoracoscopy, currently defined as thoracoscopy with instruments of a diameter between 2 and 5 mm, is part of the general evolution of endoscopy towards mini-invasiveness. Its most relevant indications in the field of medical thoracoscopy are small effusions, pleural effusions in patients with narrow intercostal spaces and suspected tuberculous pleurisy ...

There have been many advances in the medical world over time that have greatly contributed to ameliorating and prolonging human life. The employment of surgical anesthesia is arguably one of the greatest medical discoveries of all time, and has immensely broadened our ability to treat the ill. While Dr. Henry ...

Previous trials indicate that surgical management of small abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) does not reduce mortality. The medical management of AAA, however, has to a large degree been ignored until recently. Medical management is not only needed to limit the expansion of small AAAs but also to reduce the high ...

This article in the To the Point series will focus on best practices regarding faculty development in medical education in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Faculty development is an essential component in achieving teacher and learner satisfaction as well as improving learner outcomes. The Liaison Committee on Medical Education ...

Since its inception, the NHS has attracted international medical graduates. They come to advance their careers and receive education and training, and they have enriched the NHS with their skills and enthusiasm. They have become essential members of the medical workforce and many have established training links which give the ...

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) continue to be one of the most pervasive and costly of the substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite evidence of clinical effectiveness, adoption of medications for the treatment of AUDs is suboptimal. Low rates of AUD medication adoption have been explained by characteristics of both treatment organizations ...

Driven by scientific progress and economic stimulus, medical diagnostics will move to a stage in which straightforward medical diagnoses are independent of physician visits and large centralized laboratories. The future of basic diagnostic medicine will lie in the hands of private individuals. We have taken significant strides towards achieving this ...

The American College of Medical Quality is a national organization of health care professionals who are interested in the advancement of medical quality as a field. Composed primarily of doctorate-level individuals in medicine, dentistry, and podiatry, it also includes affiliate members in preprofessional training as well as nursing. Origins of ...

This chapter presents a system, called DiscoCini, assisting the biology experts to explore medical genomics data. First, it computes all the correlations (based on ranks) between gene expression and bioclinical data. The amount of generated results is huge. In a second step, we propose an original visual approach to simply ...

The lipid droplet (LD), an organelle that exists ubiquitously in various organisms, from bacteria to mammals, has attracted much attention from both medical and cell biology fields. The LD in white adipocytes is often treated as the prototype LD, but is rather a special example, considering that its size, intracellular ...

Quality assurance (QA) guidelines for medical display systems in Japan, JESRA X-0093, were published in August 2005 and have been used in many medical fields to maintain image quality on medical displays. This report offers detailed explanations of terms and testing methodologies in the guidelines, taking into account users with ...

Abstract:Although he did not write extensively about professionalism, Abraham Flexner clearly understood its critical role in medical practice. In discerning the basics of medical education he characterized scientific methodology as the instrumental minimum. He left open to future generations the task of defining its necessary complement, the "noble behaviors and ...

Hughlings-Jackson coined the concept of dreamy state: According to him, one of the sensations of a "dreamy state" was an odd feeling of recognition and familiarity, often called "deja vu". A clear sense of strangeness could also be experienced in the "dreamy state" ("jamais vu"). Jackson himself did not use ...

Few NPs are exposed to the topic of male infertility during the course of their training. There are medical and surgical treatment options for many of the most common diagnoses that contribute to decreased fertility in men. Recognizing these etiologies can help patients receive cost-effective treatment.

Over the past 50 years hormonal contraceptives have gradually developed to be cost-effective medical treatment modalities for primary and secondary therapy of endometriosis/adenomyosis. This is particularly true for the various estrogen/progestogen combinations as monophasic - particularly progestogen-dominant - preparations in cyclic, long-cyclic and continuous treatment forms. An alternative is the ...

The emerging field of neuroimmune pharmacology (NIP) is the confluence of three distinct disciplines: neuroscience, immunology, and pharmacology (Gendelman and Ikezu 2008). NIP was born from the realization that inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS) plays a crucial role in many neurological pathologies and as such offers a rich ...

Conservative surgical treatment for symptomatic endometriosis is frequently associated with only partial relief of pelvic pain or its recurrence. Therefore, medical therapy constitutes an important alternative or complement to surgery. However, no available compound is cytoreductive, and suppression instead of elimination of implants is the only realistic objective of pharmacological ...

After a radiological dispersal device (RDD) event, it is possible for radionuclides to enter the human body through inhalation, ingestion, and skin and wound absorption. From a health physics perspective, it is important to know the magnitude of the intake to perform dosimetric assessments. From a medical perspective, removal of ...

Cocaine dependence continues to be a significant public health problem in the United States. The number of regular cocaine users has not declined significantly in the United States since 1992. Although counseling remains the treatment of choice for cocaine dependence, many cocaine-dependent patients do not respond completely to standard drug ...

The low rate of response to antidepressants in treatment resistant depression (TRD) justifies studies of next-step therapies following a treatment failure. In TRD clinical trials, it is important to verify the accurate diagnosis of treatment resistance for all enrolled subjects using a reliable and valid instrument. Self-rated scales can reduce ...

Tinnitus is a debilitating condition that affects a broad range of patients. Despite thorough and extensive research, the cause of tinnitus has yet to be determined. Also, there has never been a single intervention identified that can consistently eliminate the symptoms of tinnitus. However, despite our inability to 'cure' tinnitus, ...

We present a model of contracting between a purchaser of health services and a provider (a hospital). We assume that hospitals provide two alternative treatments for a given diagnosis: a less intensive one (for example, a medical treatment) and a more intensive one (a surgical treatment). We assume that prices ...

Objective: To explore factors important to patients considering medical antiaging treatments. DESIGN: Ten-minute online survey using a global opinion panel. Setting: Survey of existing and prospective patients cosponsored by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery and Dermik Laboratories, a business of Sanofi-Aventis U.S. LLC. Participants: 383 women aged 35 to ...

In recent years, catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) has evolved in tandem with the results from many large-scale randomized clinical studies with antiarrhythmic drugs. The current situations seem to be a concerted move from pharmacological to non-pharmacological treatment. However, the clinical studies with medications have revealed an important viewpoint ...

Acute sinusitis is a very common entity that leads to a significant financial medical burden, as well as serious complications when treatment is inadequate. This article investigates the clinical criteria for making the diagnosis of acute sinusitis, the common causative pathogens, and the current treatment and referral guidelines. In addition, ...

Tics are intermittent, repetitive, patterned but usually nonrhythmic motor movements or sounds performed in response to urges or involuntarily. They are the cardinal symptom required for a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of Tourette's disorder (TD). Many children with TD present with mild tics that cause no significant impairment. However, when tics cause ...

To evaluate the evidence base for the pharmacologic treatment of anaphylaxis. In this review, we focus on four classes of medications (the alpha/beta-agonist epinephrine (adrenaline), H1-antihistamines, H2-antihistamines, and glucocorticoids) that are used in healthcare settings for the initial treatment of anaphylaxis. Epinephrine and many H1-antihistamines and glucocorticoids were introduced before ...

The ADNI (Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative) is a large longitudinal study of patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy elderly controls followed for at least 2-3 years. Many participants in the ADNI are being treated with medications, and these may have beneficial or ...

With the new law of living will which came into force on September 1 (st) 2009 the legislator has ended a long-lasting discussion about the erection, the range and the putting into action of living wills. This essay describes the new regulations in the German Civil Code (BGB) and discusses ...

Various pathologies can affect the bladder and/or urethral contractility causing signs of urinary incontinence. In this second part of a three-part review, the pathophysiology of impaired urethral contractility (including urethral hyper- and hypotonicity) in the bitch and in women is discussed. Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) is the most common ...

Endocrine research in the 1930s increased and extended the use of sex hormones as medical therapies in an unprecedented way, especially for female ailments. In the 1950s the therapeutic use of sex hormones extended to the treatment of 'tall' girls. Ambiguity in the definition of the 'tall' girl, the arbitrary ...

This report describes a case of prolactinoma that presented acutely with a third nerve palsy without evidence of apoplexy. The third nerve palsy resolved within 48 h on medical therapy. This is an atypical clinical presentation that highlights a successful and novel medical approach to treatment.

BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of medical treatments and to identify factors to predict clinical outcome of intestinal Behçet disease (BD) during medical treatment. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of the medical records of 93 patients who were diagnosed and medically treated with ...

Akinetic mutism is a rare, complex neuropathologic disorder. The pharmaceutical treatment of akinetic mutism typically includes dopaminergic agents, but the resulting therapeutic effects are often unsatisfactory, and it remains unclear whether late treatment using these medications is effective. We present a case study of a 53-year-old male patient who developed ...

Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) occurs when a woman experiences distress due to the inability to attain or maintain adequate vaginal lubrication. Many treatments are still under investigation, and at this time, there are no FDA-approved medications available for the treatment of FSAD. Treatment options include "off-label" medications, vaginal estrogen, ...

PURPOSE: We undertook a study investigating whether immigrants from Turkey, Pakistan and Yugoslavia received adequate medical treatment with beta-blockers and statins after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) when compared with Danish-born residents and explored whether associations between patient origin and medical treatment were mediated by socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS: This register-based ...

Professor J. Russell Ramsey has written a short book aimed at practicing mental health clinicians, describing various non-medication approaches to the treatment of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It includes a variety of strategies, some of which are validated and others of which are currently being developed but do not yet ...

BACKGROUND: The etiology of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in adolescents is similar to that of adults. Patients resistant to medical treatment may undergo pancreatectomy. Diazoxide is the mainstay of medical treatment. Rarely bone marrow suppression is reported due to diazoxide. PATIENT: An adolescent with severe hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia was referred for pancreatectomy after ...

PURPOSE: To report a surgical technique for aqueous misdirection refractory to medical treatment consisting of combined pars plana vitrectomy, hyaloido-zonulectomy, and peripheral iridectomy. DESIGN: Noncomparative case series. METHODS: The charts of 5 pseudophakic patients who sought treatment for aqueous humor misdirection refractory to medical treatment from May 2008 trough February ...

Excess oral secretions or sialorrhea is a common problem affecting children and adults with neurological disorders, as well as those approaching the end of life because of a variety of underlying illnesses. Systemic anticholinergic medications are often prescribed in an attempt to improve quality of life and reduce complications; yet, ...