In the western world, more than 80 million people decorate their skin with tattoos. Tattoo colorants are injected into the skin, like medical drugs. Most tattoo colorants are industrial pigments, and chemical industries have never produced them for human use but only to stain consumer goods. Up to 10% of ...

Spatial repellency of a new multilayer paper strip impregnated with metofluthrin, a newly synthesized pyrethroid, was evaluated in the laboratory and in the field at Kerandangan, Lombok Island, Indonesia, with the use of cow- and human-baited double nets. Spatial repellency was observed in both cow- and human-baited collections. Metofluthrin treatment ...

The aim of this study was to ascertain the distribution in primates of the three possible bony ponticles over the groove for the vertebral artery (ventral, lateral, and dorsal ponticles), in order to attempt to understand the variants observed in humans and to ascertain possible evolutionary trends in primates. The ...

Although Japan is classified as a country with a low prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), domestic sexual transmission has been increasing steadily. Because 70% of the Japanese population expresses HLA-A24 (genotype HLA-A*2402), we wished to assess the effect of the dominant HLA type on the evolution and ...

Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is perhaps the most famous work of medical science fiction. She and her husband, the poet Percy Shelley, were aware of nascent neuroscience experimentation and the effects of electricity on neuromuscular function. Such experiments generated theories of voluntary, involuntary, and unconscious neuromuscular function; animal electricity; and the ...

AIM: To obtain human recombinant Fv-immunotoxin hscFv(25)-mTNFalpha (mutant human TNFalpha fused to human scFv(25)) against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Two relevant sites of enzymatic digestion were added to mTNFalpha by PCR. MTNFalpha was linked to the 3' end of hscFv(25) in pGEX4T-1 vector. This anti-HCC recombinant Fv-immunotoxin hscFv(25)-mTNFalpha was expressed ...

The recent furore regarding the retention of human organs and tissue has resulted in a public outcry about medical practice in this area. Public inquiries have exposed a tradition of practice within the medical profession that was not concordant with contemporary ethical and legal standards. The legal framework governing this ...

Mucoid impaction is defined as the obstruction of proximal bronchi by mucous plugs and exudates. There are striking similarities between patients with mucoid impaction and those with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), often referred to as "mucoid microimpaction." We evaluated three patients with mucoid impaction for diagnostic criteria of ABPA and ...

Fifty adult dry human tali from the Department of anatomy, Nepalgunj Medical College Chisapani, were studied. Observations were made on different types of articular facets of calcaneus for the tali. They were classified into four groups and their percentages of incidences were calculated. These findings were well correlated and compared ...

To develop a program of on-line medical monitoring of human subjects during rotation on a short-arm centrifuge (SAC), which is viewed as a promising method of providing artificial gravity, 153 runs were performed with participation of 17 subjects exposed to +Gz at 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 G up to 40 ...

The dentition is the foundation of the human face and is far more than just a masticatory apparatus. The smile, which is the definition of humankind, crosses all gender, age, cultural, and religious boundaries to express emotion. When enhancing or restoring a smile with aesthetic dentistry, the provisionalization phase is ...

Contrary to the scepticism that characterised the planning stages of the human genome project, the technology and sequence data resulting from the project are set to revolutionise medical practice for good. The expected benefits include: enhanced discovery of disease genes, which will lead to improved knowledge on the genetic basis ...

This study was designed to investigate the cytotoxicity of MMA (methyl methacrylate) and 4-META (4-methacryloyloxyethoxycarbonylphthalic anhydride)/MMA with or without TBBO (tri-n-butylborane partially oxide), an initiator and TBBO alone against human pulp fibroblasts (HPF). Cell viabilities were measured by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of 4-META/MMA-TBBO was comparable with that of MMA-TBBO. ...

In the present study, ethanol was used with a commercially available lipid mixture, NAT 8539, to improve the topical delivery of cyclosporin A (CyA). The vesicles formed from this solution ranged from 56.6 to 100.6 nm in diameter, depending on the amount of ethanol added in the formulation. In-vitro skin ...

Since the 1980's, there has been a prolific growth of medical schools and teaching hospitals in Nigeria. Along with this growth and progress, there have been incessant strikes by health care workers protesting poor remunerations and lack of necessary infrastructures and drugs. This has greatly affected the quality of our ...

Phthalates are a group of multifunctional chemicals used in consumer and personal care products, plastics, and medical devices. Laboratory studies show that some phthalates are reproductive and developmental toxicants. Recently, human studies have shown measurable levels of several phthalates in most of the U.S. general population. Despite their widespread use ...

We review the evolution of human bipedal locomotion with a particular emphasis on the evolution of the foot. We begin in the early twentieth century and focus particularly on hypotheses of an ape-like ancestor for humans and human bipedal locomotion put forward by a succession of Gregory, Keith, Morton and ...

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) was first described as an inherited highly lethal disorder in 1960. There has since been significant progress in the clinical management, identification of MH susceptible (MHS) persons, and understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. When patients are known to be MHS prior to surgery, an MH episode can ...

In its recently published report 'Sex Selection: Options for Regulation', the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) concluded that sex selection for non-medical reasons should not be permitted in the United Kingdom. The HFEA's recommendation to ban sex selection for any but the most serious of medical reasons clearly reflects ...

The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority's report on sex selection is criticized because its recommendation to prohibit all techniques for social sexing is based on unsupported allegations. As a body with a scientific status, the Authority should allow the application of some methods of sex selection for non-medical reasons in ...

Being able to hire the right team members, keeping them engaged ina professional and productive environment, and avoiding litigation help keep the team functioning and meeting the everyday goals of providing quality patient care. Although these topics may seem complex, medical providers and professionals have resources available to them, such ...

The prehistoric colonisation of the Canary Islands by the Guanches (native Canarians) woke up great expectation about their origin, since the Europeans conquest of the Archipelago. Here, we report mitochondrial DNA analysis (HVRI sequences and RFLPs) of aborigine remains around 1000 years old. The sequences retrieved show that the Guanches ...

Human babesiosis, caused by parasitic protozoa of erythrocytes, has escaped usual associates--lower mammals. Thriving in tick guts, it has spread inland from the coasts of America, adopting mankind as a host. Babesia spp. threaten life quality of unsuspecting humans in quickly expanding territories worldwide, including the state of Pennsylvania, USA. ...

Ginkgo biloba, an extract of the ginkgo tree, may prevent or lessen symptoms of acute mountain sickness in humans. The mechanism of this effect is poorly understood. One hypothesis is that ginkgo alters nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, possibly by scavenging NO or altering nitric oxide synthase expression and thereby lessening ...

Medical ethicists have assumed a role in justifying public voyeurism of human "curiosities." This role has precedent in how scientists and natural philosophers once legitimized the marketing of museums of "human curiosities." At the beginning of the twentieth century, physicians dissociated themselves from entrepreneurial displays of persons with anomalies, and ...

Fluconazole (FCZ) is a potent inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated metabolism of the anti-epileptic agent phenytoin (PHT), a well-known human and animal teratogen. It has been postulated that phenytoin must be bioactivated via the CYP system to initiate teratogenesis. In contrast with this view, FCZ pretreatment has been previously ...

Human infections due to opportunistic molds are on the rise. This is due to recent advances in medical technology that have led to increased numbers of patients who are immunosuppressed, receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics, or have indwelling medical devices. In this article, human infections caused by four hyalohyphomycoses, Acremonium spp., Paecilomyces ...

Hypertrophic scarring occurs after deep dermal wounds. Our understanding of the etiology is poor; one reason is the lack of an animal model. In 1972, Silverstein described scarring in the Duroc pig but the model was never confirmed nor disproved. Another reason, as we previously suggested, is that hypertrophic scarring ...

The Centre for Medical Humanities is based within the Royal Free and University College Medical School. With a student body of more than 2,000, this large United Kingdom medical school benefits from being a fully integrated component of University College London. With its strong humanities and science faculties, University College ...

Bioethics has developed against a backdrop of increased concern for human and civil rights, including the rights of patients to decide about their own treatment. The recent case of Laleh and Ladan Bijani, the twenty-nine-year old Iranian conjoined twins who died in a Singapore hospital on Jul 8, after more ...

While doing a structural analysis of minor component N-glycans linked to 350-kDa royal jelly glycoprotein (RJGP), which stimulates the proliferation of human monocytes, we found that a Galbeta1-3GlcNAcbeta1-4Man unit occurs on the insect glycoprotein. The structure of the fluorescence-labeled N-glycan was analyzed by sugar component analysis, IS-MS, and (1)H-NMR. The ...

The objective of the study was to report the first occurrence of the parasitoid Brachymeria podagrica in pupae of Ophyra aenescens, a fly of medical-sanitary importance. Human feces was used as bait to collect the insects. In the study 20 pupae of Ophyra aenescens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Muscidae) were obtained, of ...

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the human prevalence, elucidate possible risk factors and present other epidemiological parameters of human alveolar echinococcosis in the south-eastern region of Turkey. DESIGN: A retrospective study. SETTINGS: South-eastern region (Anatolia) of Turkey by two medical centres: Dicle University Medical Faculty in Diyarbakir and Harran University Medical Faculty ...

SEPT8 (KIAA0202) is a member of the highly conserved septin family. Septins are membrane-associated GTPases which are involved in cytokinesis and cellular morphogenesis. Using the yeast two-hybrid system and the glutathione-S-transferase pull-down assay we previously had identified the SEPT8 (KIAA0202) as interaction partner of the human septin SEPT5 (cell division ...

Listening to music has rarely been used by educators as a tool to teach humanism to medical students and residents. The authors present the argument that music embodies the characteristics of medical humanism (i.e., caring, empathy, human dignity, compassion, and the fostering of relationships) and that listening to music is ...

OBJECTIVE: Accounts of bony human horns originating from the cranium are found peppered throughout the early medical literature. This study reviews the extant literature regarding these entities to elucidate their authenticity. METHODS: We reviewed both historical and current literature as well as osteological material from our anatomy laboratories for accounts ...

Current models for meiotic recombination require that crossovers derive from the resolution of a double-Holliday junction (dHJ) intermediate. In prokaryotes, enzymes responsible for HJ resolution are well characterized but the identification of a eukaryotic nuclear HJ resolvase has been elusive. Indirect evidence suggests that MUS81 from humans and fission yeast ...

Ginsenoside, the major active component in Panax ginseng, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine, contains a series of derivatives of the triterpene dammarane being attached by some sugar moieties. To clarify the relationship between the structure of ginsenoside and its properties, 11 individual ginsenosides, along with the central ...

The question of the moral status of human nature is today being posed above all under the influence of medical and biotechnological aspects. These facilitate not only an increasing number of, but also increasingly far-reaching interventions and manipulations in humans, so that the perspective of a gradual "technologization" of his ...

NMR has progressed relatively recently from a technique used almost exclusively by chemists and physicists to a viable tool for medical diagnosis. NMR applications have developed from analysis of cells, tissues, and biological fluids, to in vivo analysis. We discuss some examples of its clinical successes, as well as some ...

In Egypt, Scarcoptes scabiei is the most prevalence mites of medical importance infesting man. This is true in overcrowded and poorly hygienic areas. Many effective acaridical regimens are available, but being compounds used as insecticides. With the success of camphor oil in treated human demodicidosis, it was applied for treating ...

Human Rights traditionally refer to rights and freedom that are inherent to every human being. They are based on Human Rights Law and concern the respect for dignity and worth of a person. These rights are universal, inalienable, indivisible, inter-related and interdependent. Members of Societies are detained for varied reasons ...

This article examines a series of experiments involving the deliberate infection of human subjects with syphilis that were performed in Paris in 1859 by Dr. Camille Gibert and Dr. Joseph Alexandre Auzias-Turenne. Using the scientific literature on syphilis, the contemporary reaction in the French medical press to Gibert's and Auzias-Turenne's ...

Research was conducted in sheep to determine an effective preparation method for high-purity sorting of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. The efficacy of sorting frozen-thawed spermatozoa was then investigated in several non-human primate species. An aliquot of each ejaculate (three rams, three ejaculates per ram) was processed as a fresh control (FRESH). Frozen ...

Anatomy studies normally precede physiology. While the anatomy of the penis and the biochemical and molecular regulation of erection are largely known, the exact anatomical description of the human clitoris was produced in 1998, the taxonomy of female sexual dysfunctions classified in 1999, and biochemistry of female excitation described only ...

Daniel Sennert was a well-known and influential representative of early 17th-century atomism. He used Aristolelian hylomorphic terminology to put forward medical new ideas on the relationship between matter and soul. His belief in a mere multiplication of preexistent forms/souls since the Creation and in a coexistence of dominant and subordinate ...

Medication is used in all intensive animal productions. However, the increasing problems with resistant bacteria in all animal productions and in humans are supported by a number of reports. Special attention is given to the risk for transmitting food-borne (multi) resistant zoonotic agents to humans due to failure in antibiotic ...

Laminin-5, a major adhesive ligand for epithelial cells, undergoes processing of its gamma2 and alpha3 chains. This study investigated the mechanism of laminin-5 processing by keratinocytes. BI-1 (BMP-1 isoenzyme inhibitor-1), a selective inhibitor of a small group of astacin-like metalloproteinases, which includes bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP-1), mammalian Tolloid (mTLD), ...

The ratio of the length of the second digit (2D) to the length of the fourth digit (4D) is greater in women than in men. Since androgens are involved in most somatic sex differences and since the sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D is stable from 2 years of age in humans, ...

There is a complex and dynamic interrelationhip between hermit crabs, humans and the coastal environment. Hermit crab homes (shells) are often hard to come by, but humans are helping out by piling middens of shells and rubbish on beachers. Hermit crabs are useful to humans as fishing bait, pets and ...