Corneal haze is a recognized complication of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy. When severe, it can result in the formation of a dense corneal scar, with a reduction in best corrected visual acuity. In extreme cases, medical treatment and repeated phototherapeutic excimer ablations may fail to restore corneal transparency. In these ...

Prostaglandin (PG) analogs are some of the most recent additions to the list of ocular hypotensive medications. Two analogs of naturally occurring PGs are available commercially, isopropyl unoprostone (Rescula [Ciba Vision, Atlanta, GA]) and latanoprost (Xalatan [Pharmacia & Upjohn, Bridgewater, NJ]). Presently, latanoprost 0. 005% is the only PG analog ...

Dorzolamide is the first commercial topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of glaucoma. In a prospective, open label, uncontrolled study on 245 glaucoma patients, dorzolamide significantly lowered the intraocular pressure at least 14% when used alone or in combination with one, ...

Two types of artifacts may appear in virtual computed tomographic endoscopic views of the aorta rendered at different threshold levels: pierced surface and floating shape artifacts. A positive correlation was found between mean attenuation of the aorta and the threshold levels at which these artifacts appeared. The correlation was statistically ...

AIMS: To evaluate the effect of trans scleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in the eyes retaining intravitreal silicone oil with medically uncontrolled secondary glaucoma following intravitreal silicone oil injection. METHODS: Medical records of 11 eyes of 11 patients who underwent TSCPC for medically uncontrolled glaucoma without pupillary block ...

PURPOSE: To examine factors associated with use of glaucoma medications in a population of older people. METHODS: The Blue Mountains Eye Study examined 3654 people aged 49-97 years. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire which included information on current medication use. Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) was diagnosed if matching glaucomatous visual field ...

A 12-year old 573-kg (1,261-lb) Quarter Horse gelding was referred with colic of 12 hours' duration and with poor response to medical treatment. On the basis of physical and laboratory findings, a pelvic flexure impaction was suspected. The horse was treated medically. Because signs of mild abdominal pain persisted and ...

PURPOSE: To study the medium and long-term efficacy of primary argon laser trabeculoplasty in open angle glaucoma with especial emphasis on avoidance of additional medical therapy. METHODS: Records of 168 patients with chronic open angle glaucoma or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma who underwent primary argon laser trabeculoplasty between 1987 and 1995 were ...

Ciliary block or malignant glaucoma is thought to be caused by the misdirection of aqueous into the vitreous. It is refractory to medical treatment and often requires vitreous aspiration. We present a case of ciliary block glaucoma caused by sodium chondroitin sulfate-sodium hyaluronate (Viscoat) gaining access to the vitreous through ...

There is no consensus as to how treatment of open-angle glaucoma should be initiated. Medical therapy, laser trabeculoplasty, and filtration surgery each have their advocates as the best modality for initial treatment. The advantages and disadvantages of these three options are discussed here. It is pointed out that there may ...

Medication classes historically used in the management of glaucoma include beta blockers, miotics, sympathomimetics and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Because topically applied medications are more site specific, they are preferred in the treatment of glaucoma. Compared with oral medications, topical agents are associated with a decreased incidence of systemic side effects. ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of latanoprost 0.005% given once daily to simplify a patient's glaucoma medical regimen. METHODS: We reviewed 527 charts of which we included 61 patients (61 eyes) with either ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma who were prescribed latanoprost for the purpose of simplifying their glaucoma ...

We compared the effects of intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) of the lateral wall of the intraparietal sulcus (LIP) with those of ICMS of the frontal eye field (FEF) on monkeys performing oculomotor tasks. When ICMS was applied during a task that involved fixation, contraversive saccades evoked in the LIP and FEF ...

PURPOSE: To study the clinical effectiveness of viscocanalostomy in a population of black African patients with open-angle glaucoma that was uncontrolled on medical treatment. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Southern Africa, Medunsa, South Africa. METHODS: In this prospective study viscocanalostomy was performed in 214 eyes of 157 black ...

All individuals, whether healthy or ill, have bodily 'expectancies'. Symptoms recognized as deviations from these expectancies necessitate interpretive activities. The behavioral implications of symptom interpretations are explored using data from a psychosocial study of the adaptation to HIV illness among late middle-aged and older men and women. Thematic analysis revealed ...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of contact transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation on intraocular pressure (IOP), vision, number of medications, and complications in a heterogenous population of patients with refractory glaucoma. METHODS: Clinical data for all patients undergoing contact transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation for refractory glaucoma at the Medical College of Georgia between ...

Intraocular medications, solutions, and instruments are an integral component of intraocular surgery. The ionic composition, pH, and osmolality should approximate aqueous humor to prevent damage to the corneal endothelium. Intraocular medications should be evaluated for their intrinsic properties and presence of vehicles or preservatives. Many new cleaning procedures and promising ...

Cerclage wires have been used to stabilize proximal femoral cracks after stem insertion in cementless total hip arthroplasty. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal number and orientation of cerclage wires necessary to prevent stem subsidence and crack propagation. The crack was stabilized by 1, 2, or ...

The aim of this study was the assessment of physiological venous reflexes in 40 glaucoma patients treated with topically applied timolol maleate 0.50% and betaxolol HCL 0.50%. They were divided into two groups of twenty each; one group being given timolol and the other betaxolol. The assessment of the venous ...

A survey of medical treatment patterns for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) was mailed to all United States members of the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (ASCRS) in March 1998; 21.2% responded. Demographic information pertinent to glaucoma care was also obtained. The use of diagnostic ancillary tests, as well ...

Recently, James Bowie addressed the question of how to normalize correctly the distribution of observed helix-helix packing angles in proteins (Bowie, Nature Struct. Biol. 4:915-917, 1997). A hitherto unrealized yet significant bias toward crossed packing angles was revealed. However, the derived random reference distribution of packing angles requires that helices ...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine whether patients with glaucoma have different functional status and well-being than patients without glaucoma. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. PARTICIPANTS: The study population was recruited from 2 university-based glaucoma clinical practices and a university-based general ophthalmology clinic and consisted of 121 patients with open-angle glaucoma, ...

PURPOSE: Enhance recognition by the external disease specialist of the conjunctival changes associated with glaucoma therapy and the reported association with glaucoma filtration surgery. METHODS: Literature search with emphasis on the cellular and subcellular changes induced by antiglaucoma medications, the definition and diagnosis of drug-induced cicatricial conjunctivitis (DICC), and the ...

To describe eyelid changes in ocular leprosy, 74 patients (148 eyes or 296 eyelids) were examined, focusing on eyelid abnormalities. The adnexal examination included evaluation of the upper eyelid crease pattern, qualitative assessment of the orbicularis oculi muscle function, measurement of the distance between the corneal reflex and the upper ...

Glaucoma is fast emerging as a major cause of blindness in India. In order to estimate the prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) in an urban South Indian population, we examined 972 individuals aged 30-60 years, chosen using a cluster sampling technique from ...

PURPOSE: To describe a distinct and unusual superficial dendriform keratopathy that can be seen in postkeratoplasty eyes. METHOD: Three Caucasian women in their sixth decade of life were referred to the Corneal and External Disease Service at the University of California, Davis, and underwent penetrating keratoplasty for different diagnoses. After ...

PURPOSE: To describe the manifestations of infectious crystalline keratopathy caused by Candida guilliermondii in a corneal transplant performed for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: Candida guilliermondii was identified as the causative organism of an indolent infectious crystalline keratopathy. Incisional lamellar biopsy provided diagnostic culture and histopathologic results. Histopathology ...

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to describe patterns of glaucoma medication use among people who self-report a history of glaucoma in a population-based study of age-related eye disease. METHODS: The present study was comprised of a population-based cluster stratified sample of 5000 Victorians aged 40 years and ...

The Scottish ophthalmologist Douglas Argyll Robertson (1837-1909) is best known for his description of the syphilitic pupil. He also made important contributions concerning the ocular effects of physostigmine and to filtration surgery for glaucoma. Outside of his medical practice, he was club champion at the Royal and Ancient Golf Club, ...

A 41-year-old man who had photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia developed corneal haze. After intensive treatment with topical corticosteroids, he developed elevated intraocular pressure and optic nerve damage. Because of an inadequate response to steroid discontinuation and medical treatment, the patient required a glaucoma filtering procedure. Corticosteroid-induced glaucoma is a ...

The subcutaneous reservoir is a new vascular access for patients on regular hemodialysis (HD). A double chamber in Titanium- Pirolytic Carbon with siliconic boreable superior caps is inserted in to a subcutaneous subclavian side, and always in subcutis connected to two siliconic catheters located in the right jugular resulting in ...

The torsion angle of the Japanese femora of the early modern Edo (early and late series) and modern periods were measured. In the modern period, this angle is in males and females significantly larger than in the early series of the early modern Edo period and shows a gradual increase ...

PURPOSE: To present a case of recurrent postoperative endophthalmitis with a scleral-tunnel abscess and adjacent microbial keratitis. METHODS: A 76-year-old woman with microbial keratitis and recurrent endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was referred to a tertiary care center for further management. The medical chart of the patient was reviewed. RESULTS: The ...

OBJECT: Direct coaptation of intercostal nerves (ICNs) to the musculocutaneous (MC) nerve was performed to restore elbow flexion in 25 patients with brachial plexus root avulsions. METHODS: Seventy-five ICNs were transected as close as possible to the sternum to obtain sufficient length and then tunneled to the axilla and coapted ...

Combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy has become a common procedure in the management of coincident cataract and glaucoma. As the medical options to treat glaucoma continue to improve, more patients may not require surgical intervention until the time of cataract extraction. Current techniques using small-incision phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy with antimetabolites have ...

BACKGROUND: Therapy for the glaucomas is dynamic, with changes evolving as new medications or modalities are discovered. In comparing the method(s) of treating open-angle glaucoma today, as compared to treatment in the 1980s, clear differences emerge. While topical beta-blockers remain the mainstay for treatment of open-angle glaucoma, other medications and ...

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence indicates that long-term use of topically administered medication can induce changes in the conjunctiva and lachrymal function. METHODS: In order to evaluate changes in the conjunctiva and lachrymal response after prolonged use of topically administered antiglaucoma medications and preservatives found in antiglaucomatous medication solutions (benzalkonium chloride), we ...

A retrospective analysis was made of the first 19 eyes of 19 patients with intractable glaucoma treated with contact diode cyclophotocoagulation. We assessed intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of glaucoma medications. The mean follow-up was 4 months (range 1 to 11 months). Mean IOP's decreased from 31.7 +/- 14.6 pre-diode ...

The purpose of this study was to use a noninvasive method to determine the effect of pelvic tilt on the lumbar spine geometry in the sagittal plane. Five healthy male subjects were instructed in performing active forward and backward pelvic tilt manoeuvres in the standing position. The lumbar spine geometry ...

PURPOSE: To develop a Physicians' Guide to assist clinicians in the concomitant use of glaucoma and systemic medications. METHODS: The records of 100 consecutive patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma were retrospectively studied to determine the most common systemic medications that are prescribed in this population. The ten most common drug ...

Stunning and slaughter trials were conducted to evaluate the influence of carcass orientation (inverted or supine), angle of feather extraction (parallel or perpendicular to the carcass surface), and slaughter method (exsanguination without or with spinal cord transection) on feather retention force (FRF) in commercial broilers sampled ante-, peri-, and post-mortem. ...

PURPOSE: Previous observations in rats caused us to speculate whether the injection of iotrolan, a nonionic dimeric contrast medium (CM), would increase urine viscosity enough to obstruct urine outflow in the collecting duct. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The urine viscosity in dogs was measured directly with a viscosimeter after injections of ...

OBJECTIVE: To document clinical signs and gross pathologic changes associated with naturally acquired cantharidiasis (blister beetle poisoning) in equids. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 70 equids with laboratory-confirmed blister beetle poisoning. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed to obtain history, physical examination findings, feeding practices, and diagnostic test and necropsy results. RESULTS: ...

New and potent medications such as alpha 2-adrenergic agonists, topically active carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and prostaglandin analogs, are now available for use in the treatment of glaucoma. These ophthalmic medications have the potential to cause serious drug interactions and systemic side effects. The primary care physician should be able to ...

Drug-induced uveitis is a relatively rare occurrence. For example, the patient database at the tertiary referral Uveitis Clinic at the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University records an incidence of less than 0.5%. Despite this, the frequency of uveitis secondary to rifabutin therapy in AIDS patients has brought greater ...

Scant attention has been paid to the effectiveness of chemomechanical displacement of the gingiva prior to impression making for fixed partial dentures. The closure of the gingival crevice following removal of medicated retraction cord was observed using a miniature video camera. Sulcular widths were measured at time intervals at the ...

Medical management was unable to prevent the development of an extrapulmonary abscess in a 10-year-old Thoroughbred gelding with anaerobic pleuropneumonia. Intercostal thoracostomy achieved drainage of the abscess. Resolution of the abscess and subsequent bronchopleural fistulas was monitored by ultrasonography and video-endoscopy. The horse returned to training 4 mo after discharge.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to compare the efficacy and safety of transconjunctival needling and medical treatment in eyes with encapsulated blebs. DESIGN: A randomized, prospective study. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred eighty-two eyes that underwent a guarded filtration procedure between January 1994 and January 1996 at the Glaucoma Service ...

PURPOSE: We report the first case of an ocular infection with the fungus Colletotrichum graminicola causing keratitis in a 27-year-old man. METHODS: Twenty-four months after a postoperative course complicated by recurrent fungal keratitis requiring two penetrating keratoplasties, two anterior chamber washouts, a conjunctival flap, and medical treatment with topical natamycin, ...

This study investigated the kinematics and kinetics of the carpus during the stance phase. Five Standardbred horses trotted on a treadmill at 8.9 m/s. The kinematics of the horses were filmed and hoof reaction forces (HRF) were recorded. The carpus was overextended throughout most of the stance. There were 2 ...