Aims:  There is limited study on patient-centred attitudes with regards to the patient-physician relationship in physicians. The objective of this study was to examine and compare physician attitudes toward patient-centredness in four different medical settings. Methods:  The present study utilised a cross-sectional survey design and purposive sampling to recruit physicians ...

Emergency healthcare is one of the emerging application domains for information services, which requires highly multimodal information services. The time of consuming pre-hospital emergency process is critical. Therefore, the minimization of required time for providing primary care and consultation to patients is one of the crucial factors when trying to ...

PURPOSE: To identify the factors associated with perceived relevance and reported frequency of weight counseling among medical students. METHOD: The authors surveyed all medical students in the Class of 2003 at 16 U.S. medical schools during first-year orientation (1999), orientation to wards (2000-2001), and fourth year (2002-2003). RESULTS: Across the ...

PurposeMoral orientation can affect ethical decision-making. Very few studies have focused on whether medical education can change the moral orientation of the students. The purpose of the present study was to document the types of moral orientation exhibited by medical students, and to study if their moral orientation was changed ...

The Flexner Report of 1910 transformed the nature and process of medical education in America with a resulting elimination of proprietary schools and the establishment of the biomedical model as the gold standard of medical training. This transformation occurred in the aftermath of the report, which embraced scientific knowledge and ...

The importance of empathetic communication in the context of patient care has been suggested as a crucial element in the delivery of high-quality medical care. Although some countries have measured empathy among medical students, little is known formally about the state of affairs regarding empathy in the UK with regard ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The importance of fostering the development of empathy in undergraduate students is continuously emphasized in international recommendations for medical education. Paradoxically, some studies in the North-American context using self-reported measures have found that empathy declines during undergraduate medical training. Empathy is also known to be gender dependent- (highest ...

To enhance diversity of applicants to University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, a Summer Medical Program for High School Students was started in 2009. This comprehensive pipeline program included sessions on applying to medical school, interaction with a panel of minority physicians and health care professionals role models, clinically oriented ...

The hydrolytic degradation of oriented poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) 85L/15G (PLGA 85/15) sample materials with various amounts of lactide monomer was monitored in vitro at 37 °C. The materials were manufactured from medical grade PLGA 85/15 by a two-step melt extrusion-die drawing process. Results showed that the hydrolytic degradation rate depended highly on the ...

The relevance of the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) concept to medically ill patients is becoming increasingly clear. Some medical conditions (e.g., rheumatologic diseases) are likely related to PTSD indirectly. Others, such as myocardial infarction and critical illness/intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, are likely traumatic stressors. Importantly, PTSD seems to be ...

The preservation of medical data privacy and confidentiality is a major challenge in eHealth systems and applications. A technological solution based on advanced information and communication systems architectures is needed in order to retrieve and exchange the patient's data in a secure and reliable manner. In this paper, we introduce ...

Male lower urinary tract symptoms, benign prostatic hyperplasia, enlargement of the prostate, and bladder outlet obstruction are common among aging men and will increase in socioeconomic and medical importance at a time of increased life expectancy and aging of the baby boomer generation. This article reviews the epidemiology, management, and ...

This article argues that early Chinese physicians had already related female ailments to their sexual frustration. Moreover, many physicians paid more attention to non-reproductive women – nuns, widows, and unmarried women – as if they were more prone to suffer from unfulfilled desires and sexual frustration and, as a result, ...

The basal ganglia represents a key component of the pathophysiological model for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This brain region is part of several neural circuits, including the orbitofronto-striatal circuit and dorsolateral prefronto-striatal circuit. There are, however, no published studies investigating those circuits at a network level in non-medicated patients with OCD. ...

A retrospective chart review of 21 patients meeting core clinical criteria for behavioral or aphasic variants of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) was conducted. Data recorded included Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, medications prescribed, and subjective reports of behavioral symptoms from each visit. Behaviors were graded on a scale from ...

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) alleviates the cardinal Parkinson disease (PD) symptoms of tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. However, its effects on postural instability and gait disability (PIGD) are uncertain. Contradictory findings may be due to differences the in stimulation site and the length of time since DBS surgery. This prompted us ...

The aim of the study was to identify physical, psychological, and social risk factors associated with opioid medication misuse among community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain. Using a cross-sectional research design, a confidential survey was administered at 11 outpatient clinics affiliated with the Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the ...

Research has clearly established the efficacy of pharmacotherapy and cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for depression. There is less literature addressing cessation of treatment, such as relapse during withdrawal from antidepressant medication. The current study examines the role of psychological constructs that may influence relapse or fear of relapse and lead ...

There has been considerable focus on the burden of mental illness (including post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD) in returning Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans, but little attention to the burden of medical illness in those with PTSD. (1) Determine whether the burden of medical illness is higher in women ...

Sore throat is a common medical complaint seen by the emergency practitioner, internist, pediatrician, and otolaryngologist. The differential for sore throat is vast. However, with a directed history this can often be narrowed down to 2 to 3 possible diagnoses. By paying particular attention to the associated symptoms and duration ...

Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) affects ~50% of postmenopausal women. Unfortunately, it often goes undiagnosed because both patients and health-care providers may be reluctant to bring it up at an annual office visit. FSD encompasses both physical and emotional components, all of which are often intermingled. Exhaustion, anxiety, stress, interpersonal relationship ...

Psychosomatic medicine may be defined as a comprehensive, interdisciplinary framework for: assessment of psychological factors affecting individual vulnerability as well as course and outcome of illness; biopsychosocial consideration of patient care in clinical practice; specialist interventions to integrate psychological therapies in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of medical disease. Current ...

To investigate the association between disability and personal/lifestyle, medical, and psychosocial risk factors for upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms and disorders (UEMSDs) in medical transcriptionists. A web-based survey involving the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Overall Job Satisfaction (OJS) questionnaires of all medical ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the frequency and determinants of self-medication for symptoms of sexually transmitted infections (STI) in a female sex worker (FSW) population. To present a methodology exploring the best predictors as well as the interactions between determinants of self-medication. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 4153 FSW carried out in ...

Self-medication has been proposed as an explanation for the high rates of comorbidity between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders; however, knowledge of self-medication in PTSD is scarce. We describe the prevalence and correlates of self-medication in PTSD in the general population. Data came from the National Epidemiologic ...

: This study explored the experience of first-episode psychosis from the patients' perspective and the meanings they attach to the illness and their recovery. : A qualitative methodology was used based on a focus group. Audio tapes were transcribed verbatim and three researchers participated in a content analysis that identified ...

BACKGROUND: Case reports in which abrupt clozapine discontinuation led to a return of psychosis, autonomic instability, or catatonia have been previously presented in the literature. OBJECTIVE: The authors report on symptom presentation and resolution in a case of abrupt withdrawal of clozapine medication. METHOD: The authors describe the condition and ...

A survey was conducted in the northern district of Yamaguchi, Japan to determine the relationship between neurological diving accidents and risk factors among commercial breath-hold divers (Ama). A questionnaire was distributed to 381 Ama divers who are members of the Ama diving union. We sought information on their dive practices ...

A 65-year-old male with a history of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, gout, Barrett esophagitis, and chronic gastritis developed acute pancreatitis after taking one week of the herbal medicine, saw palmetto, for symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Ultrasound and computed tomography ruled out cholelithiasis and obstruction, triglycerides were normal, and ...

The aim of this research was to develop a pamphlet that would enable patients with diabetes, rheumatic diseases, chronic respiratory disease, and dialysis treatment to be aware of changes in their physical conditions at an early stage of a disaster, cope with these changes, maintain self-care measures, and recover their ...

Our objective was to study the use of opioid and other medication at the end of life for patients with ALS/MND under specialist palliative care. A retrospective study looked at the medication received by 62 patients with MND/ALS in the last 72 h of life in six hospices in the ...

INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication offers significant improvement in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptom severity and frequency. This study was undertaken to determine the impact of preoperative medical comorbidities on the outcome and satisfaction of patients undergoing fundoplication for GERD. METHODS: Prior to fundoplication, patients underwent esophageal motility testing and 24-h ...

Friedrich Nietzsche developed dementia at the age of 44 years. It is generally assumed that the cause of his dementia was neurosyphilis or general pareisis of the insane (GPI). Others have proposed frontal-based meningioma as the underlying cause. We have reviewed Nietzsche's medical history and evaluated the evidence from the ...

Continuous delivery of antiparkinsonian medication during a perioperative period is desirable to avoid 'off'-symptom complications in surgical patients with concomitant Parkinson's disease (PD). Fourteen PD patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were switched from oral dopaminergic medication to transdermally delivered 24-h rotigotine (median dose 12 mg/24 h) for the perioperative ...

To summarize physiological and psychological characteristics that are common among women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and provide evidence suggesting that addressing psychological disturbances can reduce or alleviate physical symptoms of PCOS through behavioral pathways and physiological pathways. Empirical studies and expert consensuses pertaining to physiological, psychological, and medical ...

The purpose of this secondary analysis was to describe medication use and examine the relationship between medications and postoperative symptoms/problems in the first 3 months after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS). The sample consisted of older (≥65 years) men and women (n = 232) who had undergone CABS. Medication data ...

Current guidelines treat palliative sedation to unconsciousness as an effective medical treatment for terminally ill patients who need relief from severe symptoms, yet also restrict its use in ways that are extraordinary for medical treatments. A closer look at the kinds of cases in which palliative sedation is used suggests ...

Allergies in Latin America is the first cross-national survey that describes the symptoms, impact, and treatment of nasal allergies (NAs) in individuals >or=4 years old in Latin America (LA). In total, 22,012 households across the Latin American countries of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela were screened ...

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) occur commonly in older men and can have a significant effect on quality of life. Symptoms can be categorized as voiding, storage, or postvoiding in nature. A variety of symptom screening scales are available to categorize the nature and severity of the urinary symptoms. Erectile ...

OBJECTIVE: Deep brain stimulation is an alternative treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease. Levodopa medications are usually discontinued the night before surgery to localize the optimal response site to intraoperative macrostimulation. However, abrupt withdrawal of medication may result in side effects. We report a case of parkinsonism-hyperpyrexia syndrome (PHS), a rare ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the time course and characteristics of an insecticide-associated incident and highlight potential risks from similar outbreaks that may occur in other areas to enhance the preparedness of emergency physicians and other healthcare providers to deal with the sequelae of these events. STUDY DESIGN: Outbreak investigation METHODS: From ...

CASE: Scott, a 13-year 7-month old white male with no prior psychiatric history, presented to the emergency department after three days of decreased attention span and increased distractibility. An initial examination revealed that he was internally preoccupied (focused on responding to auditory hallucinations), displayed thought blocking (sudden interruption in the ...

The aetiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of ME/CFS are controversial. Doctors and sufferers often have opposing perspectives, leading to problematic clinical interactions. We use discourse analysis to explore ME/CFS sufferers' descriptions of interactions with medical professionals taken from an asynchronous, online sufferers' support group. Participants described themselves as experiencing limited ...

Nausea and vomiting are relatively common in advanced cancer and is dreaded more than pain by patients. The history, pattern of nausea and vomiting, associated symptoms, and physical examination provides clues as to etiology and may guide therapy. Continuous severe nausea unrelieved by vomiting is usually caused by medications or ...

OBJECTIVES: Recent research shows a high rate of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among persons with mental disorders, although correlates and patterns of CAM use are relatively unknown. This study tested whether CAM use is associated with perceived effectiveness of conventional treatment (i.e., psychotropic medication and psychotherapy) and medication ...

The Symptom Validity Scale (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-FBS [MMPI-2-FBS]) is a standard MMPI-2 validity scale measuring overstatement of somatic distress and subjective disability. Some critics assert the MMPI-2-FBS misclassifies too many medically impaired persons as malingering symptoms. This study tests the assertion of malingering misclassification with a large sample of ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe possible changes in physical and psychologic symptoms among outpatients completing a 12-week mind-body medical symptom reduction program related to chronic medical conditions. DESIGN: The cornerstone of the program is elicitation of the relaxation response, and the curriculum also incorporates trainings on ...

BACKGROUND: Delirium frequently accompanies acute illness. With treatment of the illness, some individuals recover from delirium while for others the symptoms persist. It is not understood why some individuals improve but others do not. The purpose of this paper is to review systematically what is known about the factors associated ...

Supporting safe self-management interventions for symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) may reduce the personal and societal burden of this increasing health concern. Self-management interventions might be even more beneficial if symptom control were accompanied by decreased medication use, reducing cost and potential side effects. Guided imagery with relaxation (GIR) created especially ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mental and general health of infertile women who had not sought medical advice for their recognized infertility and were therefore not represented in clinical populations. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Population based. PATIENT(S): Participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health aged 28-33 years in ...