There has been a recent explosion of articles in the medical literature and newsbites on television and in the lay press regarding male menopause. Yet, many men are not familiar with the changes in sexuality that accompany aging. Primary care physicians therefore need to be well informed about the concept ...

The use of airguns in attempted suicide is uncommon. In such instances, the surface wounds caused by discharged pellets may be inconspicuous or appear deceptively trivial to the medical examiner. Airgun pellets however are easily capable of penetrating the skull or abdominal cavity when fired at the close ranges involved ...

Computer access to the medical literature has become more convenient than ever with MEDLINE and other bibliographical databases available on CD-ROM. The benefits of literature searching by computer include improvements in the quality of medical decision making and cost effectiveness of patient care. However, the results obtained by physicians with ...

Numerous types of limited intercarpal arthrodeses have been reported in dozens of articles in the English-language medical literature. The nonunion rate varies considerably within and between the different types of arthrodeses. This may be due in part to the small number of cases in most studies. The data on the ...

Differing results of the same search request processed on different hosts led the authors to investigate this issue more thoroughly. Two authors, two journal titles, two drug names, and two topics of a general medical nature were retrieved under identical circumstances and conditions on the hosts DATA-STAR, DIALOG, DIMDI, and ...

This article reports the results of a survey conducted to determine the relationship between Machiavellianism and job satisfaction among radiographers. As predicted by the literature, the survey showed a negative correlation between these two constructs-radiographers with higher Machiavellianism had lower job satisfaction, while those with the lowest Machiavellianism had the ...

Intrathecal methotrexate is a standard and important therapy in acute leukemia. Unfortunately, overdose is a well reported complication of this therapy. We report a fatal event secondary to intrathecal leucovorin. An 11-year-old boy with a 6-month history of treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia received an "overdose" of 20 mg of ...

OBJECTIVE: To present a review of our experience and that of the medical literature in the diagnosis and management of oral pregnancy tumor (pyogenic granuloma), the natural History of the disease, its hormonal etiology, histopathologic features and management strategies. STUDY DESIGN: Medical literature review. RESULTS: This common, benign, hyperplastic oral ...

In a previous article,* Richard Tjiong criticised the Professional Indemnity Review's specific recommendations for reform of professional indemnity insurance. But the Review covered many other issues, particularly to do with identifying, evaluating and reducing adverse outcomes of medical procedures. Charlotta Blomberg highlights some of the key findings (and failings) of ...

Daniel Drake's two volume study, Principal Diseases of the Interior of North America (1850-1854), is examined in the context of the medical geographical and geographical medical literature of the period. His work covers an in-depth examination of the-geography of the interior of the continent as it relates to disease occurrence. ...

A survey of the literature indicates that calcium channel-blocking medications are used for an ever-increasing number of medical problems. Their use may result in gingival overgrowth that can be of concern to the patient and dentist. Four cases are presented that illustrate several relevant points: (1) histologic examination may reveal ...

The Desert Shield/Desert Storm troop deployment included record numbers of women and highlighted the vacuum of planning and information regarding medical care for women deployed to a theater of war. I review the retrievable literature from that conflict and discuss the data regarding resource management and clinical significance. The literature ...

BACKGROUND: No systemic review of skin reactions to alimentary tract medications is available in the literature. OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the reactions to alimentary tract medications reported to the surveillance system of the Italian Group for Epidemiologic Research in Dermatology (GISED). METHODS: Between January 1988 and December 1994, 202 dermatologists in ...

Rosenthal's spiral canal of the modiolus of the cochlea is mentioned numerous times in the literature, but there are few references to both the man who discovered it and the article in which it was first described. Standard medical dictionaries attribute its discovery to the wrong Rosenthal. The correct Rosenthal ...

A 32-year-old man received a left-sided thoracic stab wound, which was primarily treated with percutaneous tube thoracostomy. Ipsilateral empyema appeared 8 weeks later and subsequent investigations revealed herniation of the stomach through the diaphragm. The diaphragmatic rupture and a perforation in the gastric wall were repaired at thoracotomy. The literature ...

Although initially dismissed as an "unlearned healer," D.D. Palmer has proven to be a literate if self-taught writer, editor, author and teacher, who utilized the medical literature of his day in a surprising manner in his many publications. An examination of his work in The Chiropractor's Adjustor demonstrated the exactness ...

BACKGROUND: The U.S. Air Force (USAF) aeromedical policy regarding incidentally discovered, asymptomatic cholelithiasis required the aircrew to undergo cholecystectomy prior to being considered for return to flying duties. HYPOTHESIS: The merit of continuing this USAF policy was evaluated at the request of the U.S. Air Force Surgeon General. METHODS: A ...

Finding articles in the medical literature involves consulting indexes and abstracts either in print or on computer. Searching the literature involves: defining the information need, selecting the proper database or index, breaking the need into its component parts, identifying synonyms for each concept using a thesaurus and other search aids, ...

Meta-analysis is an epidemiological and statistical tool used to combine the results of independent studies and synthesize their conclusions for the purpose of evaluating therapeutic effectiveness, determining procedural efficacy, or providing a basis for development of treatment protocols. Meta-analysis also may be described as "studying the studies." The process, however ...

Medicine is a literature-based discipline. Ensuring that the literature review which precedes a significant piece of medical research has met predetermined standards is essential. A list of items reviewed carries no guarantees that all appropriate items have been included in the survey of the literature, or that appropriate sources have ...

The source of ideas and information on medicines most important to journalists in the Netherlands, and most commonly consulted by them, is known to be the scientific medical literature. In this study we therefore, explored the relation between the kind of medicines discussed in the scientific medical literature and those ...

This historical review covers the earliest recorded findings and descriptions of lumbar spondylolysis, as well as the century-old etiologic controversy regarding this condition. The importance of the work of Robert zu Coblenz in 1855 is recognized regarding the biomechanical and clinical understanding of the nature of spondylolysis. Other important medical ...

Limited evidence suggests a relationship between the use of antihypertensive medications and reduced salivary function. This article provides a review of the literature concerning the relationship between hypertension, hypertensive therapy and salivary function. A case report is presented to illustrate changes in salivary function in response to different types of ...

Acanthamoeba keratitis, common in soft lens wearers, is not commonly isolated. The reports of Acanthamoeba keratitis in Indian literature are few. We report here a case of Acanthamoeba Keratitis in a medical student using soft contact lenses, initially diagnosed and treated as a bacterial and later as a viral corneal ...

The objective of this review is to establish whether the medical literature validates a causal relationship between upper extremity disorders and work activities. Selected articles were reviewed using a Diagnostic Medical Criteria. Articles meeting this criteria were further reviewed for validity. Only 14 of 52 reviewed articles were felt to ...

A total of 21 therapeutic agents reached the U.S. market for the first time in 1994, representing a continuation of the decline from the record number of 31 new therapeutic agents which were marketed in 1991. This review of the therapeutic agents first marketed in 1994 considers their most important ...

Pseudofolliculitis barbae is a common dermatologic conditions primarily affecting black men who shave closely on a regular basis. Figures cited in the literature indicate 10 to 83% of black men have some form of it. Commonly encountered in the military, pseudofolliculitis barbae has caused significant problems in all commands, both ...

Silicone elastomer has been the standard by which other catheter materials have been judged. In the past ten years, technical advances in polymer research have provided the medical manufacturer with a wide variety of new materials for catheter manufacture. Thermoplastic polyurethane has shown great promise as an alternative to silicone ...

The appeal of laser therapy is rooted in its absence of complications relative to the gold standard of transurethral electroresection. As in any evaluation of a new medical intervention, efficacy must be weighed against the degree of complications that accompany it. Although there has been a relative paucity of literature ...

In order to determine whether there is a significant difference between the medical literature and the surgical literature in terms of their bioethics content, we conducted a computerized search of the MEDLINE database. The journals searched were selected from the 'Medicine' and 'Surgery' sections of the 'Brandon-Hill List', and the ...

Drug smuggling by internal bodily concealment is a well-recognized international problem, particularly in view of the difficulty of its detection and the potential for large financial gains. This mode of transport can have serious medical complications, including drug intoxication--sometimes fatal--as well as intestinal obstruction by foreign bodies (FBs). We discuss ...

Retrobulbar and peribulbar anesthesia remain the principle means of ophthalmic anesthesia. Methods, needles, and medications continue to vary in the search for what works best, and that is a very individual preference as is seen by the literature over the past year. The increased role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is ...

Research was carried out on the medical, i.e. somatic and mental, and social complaints of refugees in The Netherlands. This research consisted of a literature study and a retrospective and prospective, or cross-sectional patient study. The most important assumption which formed the base of the study was: refugees who underwent ...

The metabolic acidosis resulting from poor tissue perfusion is considered to have several significant hemodynamic effects. Correction of the acidosis with sodium bicarbonate seems to be a rational approach to this problem. However, the current medical literature shows little clinical benefit to this tactic. In fact, indiscriminate bicarbonate administration may, ...

By the beginning of the fourteenth century, medicine had acquired a cultural role in addition to its traditional function as a therapeutic art. Medical subject matter infiltrated the religious discourse via the new thirteenth-century encyclopedic literature. Preachers came to employ in their moral analogies a wider range of medical topics, ...

In microvenous prosthetic surgery a continuous search for better patency rates is necessary to enable a clinical application. In this search for better patencies, modifications in the wall structure are being made. Directions found in the literature suggest that pore size plays an important role in achieving better patencies. Thus ...

This focused review contains a suggested core of material that will help residents or practicing physiatrists critically review research papers published in the medical literature. Before accepting the results of a clinical trial, physiatrists must critique the experimental methods and study design carefully to decide whether to include these new ...

Crucifixion, as a method of execution was practiced in many cultures before it was outlawed in the Roman Empire by Constantine in 341 C.E., but it has been used sporadically since then. Recent archeological excavations of the remains of a crucified victim have stimulated studies of the methods used. The ...

It has been established that subject searches of medical full-text databases obtain higher recall than subject searches in a bibliographic database. In this study we attempted to determine if the same rule might apply when searching for a non-subject parameter such as study design. A simultaneous search of bibliographic and ...

We have undertaken a comprehensive review of snail hosts of Paragonimus world-wide exclusive of Africa based on modern malacological data, where available, and with consideration of the phylogeny of the snail groups involved. This is the first comprehensive review since those made by Chen (1979) and Chen et al. (1983), ...

The goal of this study was to assess the usage frequency, user satisfaction, and quality of literature searchers for a multi-application computer workstation in a university-based general medicine clinic. A computer with medical literature searching, textbook searching, and a decision-support program was deployed in the workroom of the clinic and ...

The artistic gifts of Sir Charles Bell (1774-1842) directed the course of his life's work. There is a fairly extensive literature on the discoveries of Bell in neurology and myology but comparatively poorly documented are the ways in which Bell exploited his aesthetic talents and erudition to communicate his findings ...

Coffee is the most commonly used drug in the United States. The medical literature is conflicted regarding the harmful effects of coffee and caffeine. Because the articles that have appeared are so different, a formal meta-analysis is not the ideal way to summarize the data. However, this literature review suggests ...

The United States National Library of Medicine's (NLM) MEDLINE database is the largest and most widely used medical bibliographic database. MEDLINE is manually indexed with NLM's Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) vocabulary. Using MeSH, a searcher can potentially create powerful and unambiguous MEDLINE queries. This article reviews the structure and use ...

Limitation of movement of vocal cords developed in a 38-year-old man after he received a 45% second- and third-degree burn with ossification about the cricoarytenoid joints, which indicated that the lesion had been caused by heterotropic ossification. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in medical ...

Medical Informatics needs a specific terminology that reflects the multi-disciplinary nature of the field and can rapidly change as the discipline evolves. Using the four primary methods of thesaurus construction, a group at the University of Missouri-Columbia is developing a thesaurus that meets these criteria and includes both user and ...

By the end of the nineteenth century, anorexia nervosa had acquired a certain amount of recognition in the medical literature in many countries. In Norway, however, little attention had been paid to this eating disorder. Some anorexic-like conditions can be found in case reports on "hysteria" in children, of which ...

Medical students, when questioned, report a fairly significant rate of abuse during their education. A review of the literature shows the reported frequency of such abuse, as well as the several forms it may take. A review of one campus's experience shows a similar prevalence, as well as the effect ...

Now, almost a century ago since Mendel's work was rediscovered, is a propitious time to review the appearance of mendelian concepts in American dermatology. In our world of instantaneous and sometimes overwhelming dissemination of new information and the apparent rapid incorporation of new knowledge into our specialty, it is useful ...

Controversy exists surrounding the diagnosis of spontaneous perilymphatic fistula. In an effort to help resolve this controversy the author conducted a review of the literature as well as a review of 212 of his patients who underwent surgical exploration for suspected perilymphatic fistula. Interpretation of the literature reviewed was hampered ...