Despite its crucial importance, water receives undesirably low prominence on the political agenda and is often too little featured in the media. The workshop discussed means of boosting awareness and understanding of the issues. Understanding the "unwritten rules" of media and building active relationships will help; a well elaborated strategy ...

To assess the cost and effectiveness of risperidone, olanzapine, and conventional antipsychotic medications under "usual practice" conditions in a large, public mental health system, 108 persons diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to one of these three medication groups and followed prospectively over a 12-month period using ...

The purpose of this study is to describe medical faculty's ratings of learning objectives related to substance abuse. A comprehensive set of learning objectives was drafted. The Associate Dean at each of Ontario's five medical schools was asked to select two faculty members from each clinical discipline who were involved ...

The rising incidence of TB in the UK in the last decade has been attributed mainly to the persistently high TB rates amongst ethnic minority groups. The epidemiology of TB in these groups is presently poorly understood. The aim of this ecological study was to investigate the relationship between TB ...

Contamination of the root canal system by persistent, enteric bacteria via leakage through interim restorations has been well documented. This in vitro study evaluated the ability of interappointment medications to prevent contamination of the root canal system by Enterococcus faecalis. Coronally unsealed, medicated tooth roots fixed in a closed system ...

The identification of trimethylsiloxy-1,2-dioxetane and 2-trimethylsilyloperoxyacetaldehyde and assignment of trimethylsiloxymethyl formate as products of the low-temperature ozonolysis of trimethylsilylethene demonstrate feasibility of migrations of trimethylsilyl group in a dioxygen-centered (oxyperoxy) diradical produced via a homolytic cleavage of each of both O-O bonds in the primary ozonide. The results provide the ...

The United Kingdom (UK) population is diverse with nearly 6% minority ethnic communities. Both patients and doctors experience difficulties when dealing with someone from a different ethnic group. Medical education has failed to keep pace with the changing needs of the diverse population. We report a project in which 12 ...

Taxonomic status of a salamander now identified as Hynobius tokyoensis from Aichi Prefecture, Japan, was assessed by allozymic comparisons with its relatives. All three populations of H. tokyoensis from Aichi formed a monophyletic group with populations of H. nebulosus; this group is substantially diverged from a conspecific population from Kanagawa ...

The purpose of this study was to describe and compare medical and non-medical individuals' violence severity rank for 13 commonly cited events illustrative of workplace violence. One hundred thirty-six college students were provided a short checklist of 13 violent events in the workplace to determine the violence severity rank for ...

This study tests the ability of medical work groups to overcome coordination problems related to group decision-making in allocating clinical resources to inpatients. The study was conducted over a 32-month period in two medium-sized acute-care hospitals located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The data were collected by hand from the medical ...

We investigated production of prostacyclin and the urinary ratio of thromboxane and prostacyclin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The prostacyclin production level was assessed according to the level of urinary 2,3-dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F(1 alpha)measuring by gas chromatography/selected ion monitoring. In patients receiving medication, the prostacyclin level was lower and the thromboxane/prostacyclin ...

OBJECTIVES: To compare and contrast the prevalence of pneumoconiosis in two groups of former migrant mineworkers in southern Africa, and to examine the effectiveness of the South African compensation system for occupational lung diseases. DESIGN: Comparison of two cross-sectional studies and follow-up data on compensation results. SETTING: The village of ...

Latent symmetry of a component of a composite object is defined as that symmetry of a subunit of the component which is not a symmetry of the component but which is a symmetry of the composite. This is illustrated by a geometrical example. A group theoretical procedure is given to ...

BACKGROUND: This review aimed to compare laparoscopic preperitoneal herniorrhaphy (LPPH) using a laryngeal mask airway and local anesthesia with conventional open herniorrhaphy using similar anesthetic conditions. METHODS: A retrospective review of 238 hernia operations was conducted from October 1996 through September 1998. Laparoscopic preperitoneal hernia repairs with the patient under ...

OBJECTIVE: The Working Group on Civilian Biodefense has developed consensus-based recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals if tularemia is used as a biological weapon against a civilian population. PARTICIPANTS: The working group included 25 representatives from academic medical centers, civilian and military governmental agencies, ...

1. The Psychopharmacology RACE is an interactive, innovative game that emphasizes group teaching about psychiatric medications and disorders at the clients' levels of functioning. 2. Implementation of the Psychopharmacology RACE provides the opportunity to structure a medication group, impart information, and facilitate the development of therapeutic group factors. 3. Interactive ...

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the comfort of two bimaxillary custom-fitted mouthguards. One type was made with silicone rubber and the other with methyl-methacrylate (acrylic). METHODS: The study was a within-subject crossover clinical trial with 52 high-school rugby players who were randomly allocated to one of two groups. The first group ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine the rescue of mouse embryos from 2-cell blocks by the microinjection of maturation promoting factor (MPF) extracted from matured Xenopus eggs into one of the blastomeres of 2-cell stage mouse embryos. DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study. SETTING: First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toho University School of Medicine, ...

CONTEXT: Enacting state laws to regulate firearm use, availability, or manufacture is one plausible strategy for preventing firearm-related injuries. Organizations that use a wide range of advocacy tactics may be successful in promoting gun control policies. OBJECTIVES: To describe tactics commonly used by groups that advocate for state gun control ...

People with intellectual disability (ID), like other patient groups, are known to have a limited knowledge of medication. Leaflets are seen as an appropriate means of providing patient information. To test the hypothesis that medication information leaflets would improve the knowledge and care of the target group, the present authors ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We undertook a telephone questionnaire to determine current fluid prescribing practices and relevant knowledge among surgical preregistration house officers (PRHOs) and senior house officers (SHOs) working in 25 British hospitals. METHODS: One hundred PRHOs were surveyed within 10 days of starting their first job (Group A). Fifty ...

In May 1999, 21 leaders and representatives from major medical education and professional organizations attended an invitational conference jointly sponsored by the Bayer Institute for Health Care Communication and the Fetzer INSTITUTE: The participants focused on delineating a coherent set of essential elements in physician-patient communication to: (1) facilitate the ...

During a 3-day meeting at Bellagio in January 2001, a group of 20 editors from 12 countries in 5 continents met to map out a strategy for the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)'s continued development in the service of medical editors over the next several years. The group: 1) ...

This study investigated selected acoustic cues in the speaking voices of five professional singers; cues that may have enabled naïve listeners to differentiate them from nonsingers and other trained singers who were not consistently identified from their speaking voices. Subjects were divided into three groups based on listeners' perceptual judgments. ...

This field survey assessed the effect of the natural trace element silicon, the active ingredient in Silicol Skin, on moderate to severe acne. Members of the Acne Support Group used Silicol Skin for 6 weeks, completing identical questionnaires on the type and severity of acne before and after treatment. A ...

Preliminary experiments have shown that dibutyl and tributyltin can be decomposed by the electrochemical treatment of sediment. Two different process pathways have been described and compared. A slurry electrolysis of the suspended sediment seemed to be more efficient than column leaching followed by electrolysis. Tributyltin was destroyed under oxidising as ...

This study presents the results of a novel paradigm for characterizing abnormal coordination in subjects with hemiparesis. Subjects generated maximum voluntary torques (MVTs) isometrically in four randomly ordered blocks consisting of elbow flexion/extension, shoulder flexion/extension, shoulder abduction/adduction, and shoulder external/internal rotation. A 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) load cell was used to measure ...

Sixty patients with moderate and severe burns were randomly assigned to receive topical silver sulfadiazine (SSD) alone (n=30) or SSD combined with cerium nitrate (SSD-CN) (n=30). There were four deaths in the SSD group and one in the SSD-CN group; more patients with higher risk severity survived in the SSD-CN ...

We have previously reported the access control mechanism and audit strategy of the "patient-doctor relation and clinical situation at the point-of-care" model with multi-axial access control matrix (ACM). This mechanism overcomes the deficit of ACM in the aspect of data accessibility but does not resolve the representation of the staff's ...

Patients with dysthymia have been shown to respond to treatment with antidepressant medications, and to some degree to psychotherapy. Even patients successfully treated with medication often have residual symptoms and impaired psychosocial functioning. The authors describe a prospective randomized 36-week study of dysthymic patients, comparing continued treatment with antidepressant medication ...

The problem of antidote application for treatment of acute poisoning is related to epidemiology and characterization of poisoning cases, and possibilities for supplying antidotes to health care institutions. To investigate the situation in Russia we have analyzed reports by poisoning treatment centers for 1997-1999, comparison of medical aid standards for ...

Ternus stimuli give rise to two mutually exclusive visual experiences: with long interstimulus intervals (ISIs) the elements in the stimulus are perceived as moving together as a group ('group movement'), while at shorter ISIs only a single element appears to be moving ('element movement' or 'end-to-end movement'). It has been ...

In the early seventies of the last century, in a temporary building called "Sukkertoppen" at Bispebjerg Hospital, a group of devoted, young medical doctors and a couple of students together with a team of highly skilled laboratory technicians gathered around the "senior" Jens F. Rehfeld, who had barely turned thirty ...

The aim of this study was to examine whether intracanal medication prior to root canal obturation has an inhibitory effect on corono-apical penetration of bacteria. 93 single rooted teeth were instrumented and sterilized with ethylene oxide. They were assigned to three control groups and four test groups with n = ...

Interatrial septum pacing (IASP) reduces interatrial conduction time and consequently may interfere with atrioventricular delay (AVD) optimization. We studied 14 patients with an implanted BEST Living system device able to measure peak endocardial acceleration (PEA) signal. The aims of our study were to compare the (1) optimal AVD (OAVD) in ...

The TcmG or ElmG oxygenase-catalyzed triple hydroxylation of tetracenomycin (Tcm) A2 to Tcm C proceeds via a novel monooxygenase-dioxygenase mechanism, deriving the 4- and 12a-OH groups of Tcm C from two molecules of O(2) and the 4a-OH group of Tcm C from a molecule of H(2)O. These results suggest a ...

As claims data for physicians and groups of physicians has improved in quality and quantity, health information vendors have begun marketing information about medical groups' productivity, utilization, and quality. Based on interviews with product developers and our understanding of the evolution of their products, several methodological and practical issues remain. ...

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate self-assessment of first aid knowledge, readiness to make use of it in case of a medical emergency and judgement of a 1-day CPR course by cardiac arrest survivors, their family members and friends as compared to the general public. BACKGROUND: the recurrence rate of a cardiac arrest ...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the readmission rate, and the level of patient disturbance and community care associated with readmission following Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) in New South Wales, Australia. METHOD: The readmission rates of all patients given CTOs within a 4-year period and a matched ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess attitudes about career progress, resources for career development, and commitment to academic medicine in physician faculty at an academic medical center who spend more than 50% of their time in clinical care. DESIGN: Faculty survey. SETTING: Academic medical center and associated Veterans Affairs medical center. RESULTS: A ...

Continuing Medical Education (CME) for Irish general practitioners (GPs) has become synonymous with peer review small group activities. The network of CME small groups has grown steadily over the past 20 years and is available throughout the country. These CME groups are run under the auspices of the Irish College ...

The study described in this article measured and compared the attitudes of groups of Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) ambulatory care staff and physicians toward adopting an electronic medical record (EMR) system, using the Perceived Characteristics of Innovating (PCI) scales developed by Moore and Benbasat (1991). The PCI scale ...

Preliminary psychometric properties of a new instrument, Angie/Andy Cartoon Trauma Scales (ACTS), are presented. Angie/Andy features a cartoon-based methodology, measuring trauma-related sequelae of prolonged, repeated abuse. A sample of 208 children comprised intrafamilial trauma, extrafamilial trauma, combined trauma, and nontrauma groups. Angie/Andy demonstrated high internal consistency, with coefficient alphas from ...

The effectiveness of medication with doxycycline in feed in the control of pleuropneumonia in pigs was tested using an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 aerosol challenge model. Two groups of 10 animals were used for the challenge, a 'medicated group' and an 'unmedicated group'. A third group of four animals was ...

BACKGROUND: Obstruction of the St Jude Medical valve (St Jude Medical, Inc, St Paul, Minn) is a rare but serious complication. METHODS: Cineradiographic and echocardiographic evaluations of aortic St Jude Medical valves were simultaneously performed on 54 patients, with no signs of prosthetic valve dysfunction late after surgery. RESULTS: Although ...

The tolerance of Onchocerca volvulus-infected individuals to diethylcarbamazine (DEC)-medicated salt (0.33% w/w) was assessed in 1996 in Tanzania in a double-blind placebo-controlled hospital-based trial involving 4 groups, each of 10 adult males. Groups I and II had O. volvulus microfilariae (mf) only, group III had both O. volvulus and Wuchereria ...

This comparative study by groups assesses the profiles of TMD (temporomandibular dysfunction) and bruxism patients and TMD-nonbruxing patients regarding chief complaint, previous medical and dental consultations, duration of the chief complaint, previous medication, and use of splints. The sample consisted of a group of 340 TMD patients, 275 of whom ...

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a common complication following kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis). In a prospective study in a village in the endemic area for kala-azar in the Sudan, 105 of 183 (57%) kala-azar patients developed PKDL. There was a significantly higher PKDL rate (69%) in those who received inadequate and ...

Although coordinating medical care at the Super Bowl is something that we look forward to and have a lot of fun doing, we take it very seriously and understand the importance of delivering medical care at what many people consider to be the greatest sporting event in the world. It ...

BACKGROUND: A massive intraocular hemorrhage in the course of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a devastating event. We set out to determine the role of anticoagulant therapy prescribed for vascular or cardiac indications in the development of a massive hemorrhage. METHODS: A retrospective case-controlled study was conducted of 50 cases ...