BACKGROUND: The proportion of medical school graduates who pursue careers other than full-time clinical practice has increased in some countries as the physician's role has evolved and diversified with the changing landscape of clinical practice and the advancement of biomedicine. Still, past studies of medical students' career choices have focused ...

Injectable medicines commonly are used in health-care settings for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various illnesses. Examples include chemotherapy, intravenous antibiotics, vaccinations, and medications used for sedation and anesthesia. Medical injections often are administered in conjunction with surgical procedures, endoscopy, imaging studies, pain control, and cosmetic or complementary and ...

Sodium bicarbonate is central to the treatment of many poisonings. When it was placed on the FDA drug shortage list in 2012, alternative treatment strategies to specific poisonings were considered. Many hospital pharmacies, poison centers, and medical toxicologists proposed sodium acetate as an adequate alternative, despite a paucity of data ...

Allopathic medical professionals in developed nations have started to collaborate with traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) to enquire on the role of religion/spirituality (r/s) in patient care. There is scant evidence of such movement in the Indian medical community. We aim to understand the perspectives of Indian TCAM and ...

A survey of the medical physics and biomedical engineering workforce in Australia and New Zealand was carried out in 2012 following on from similar surveys in 2009 and 2006. 761 positions (equivalent to 736 equivalent full time (EFT) positions) were captured by the survey. Of these, 428 EFT were in ...

In medical emergencies, supplemental oxygen is often administrated routinely. Most paramedics and physicians believe that high concentrations of oxygen are life-saving 1. Over the last century, however, a plethora of studies point to possible detrimental effects of hyperoxia induced by supplemental oxygen in a variety of medical emergencies. This viewpoint ...

Little is known about how medical students view academic medicine. This multi-institutional study explored student perceptions of this career path. During 2009-2010, third- and fourth-year students at three United States medical schools completed a 30-item online survey. In total, 239 students completed the questionnaire (37 % response rate). Significant predictors of ...

George W. Corner (1889-1981) was a pioneer investigator of the menstrual cycle who played a key role in the discovery of progesterone. Regarded as the greatest living anatomist of his day in America and an international leader in reproductive endocrinology for decades, he achieved even more over a long career. ...

The manuscript presents the European Guidelines on medico-legal Methods of Ascertainment and Criteria of Evaluation in cases of suspected subjective "Medical Responsibility and/or Liability" developed by an international working group under the patronage of the European Academy of Legal Medicine. It includes a step-by-step illustrated explanation of approved Flow Charts, ...

The healing potential and description of homeopathic remedies, as determined in homeopathic pathogenic trials (HPTs) and verified by medical experience, are often found to be meaningfully connected with the symbolic content attributed to the original materials (tinctures, metals etc) through tradition or modern semantics. Such a connection is incompatible with ...

Medical knowledge in India began to be introduced to China in earliest from the Later Han Dynasty period to the times of Wei-Qin and South & North Dynasties. This is proved by many Buddhist medical books appeared in those days. Of the contents of Indian medicine, the theory of four ...

BACKGROUND: The treatment of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) has seen significant advances over the last decade. Many medicines have been developed and the survival rates of some patients with IEM have improved. Dosages of drugs used for the treatment of various IEM can be obtained from a range of ...

PURPOSE: To determine-as a guide to assess outcomes of medical education, and for medical workforce planning-whether the great majority of graduates from UK medical schools eventually practice medicine. METHOD: The authors estimated the level of participation in medicine, in selected years after graduation, of nine cohorts (graduating between 1974 and ...

This paper is a revalidation of Oliver Sacks's role in the development of medicine's narrative turn and, as such, a reinterpretation of the history of narrative in medicine. It suggests that, from the late 1960s, Sacks pioneered in his 'Romantic Science' a new medical mode that reunited the seemingly incommensurable ...

Background: Recruitment of trainees into clinical academic medicine remains an area of concern across the globe, with clinical academics making up a dwindling proportion of the medical workforce. To date, few approaches have emphasised early medical student research involvement as a solution to the decline of the clinician-scientist. Aim and ...

Based on an ethnographic study conducted in both biomedical and complementary and alternative medicine settings in north Italy, I explore how people and practitioners make sense of allergy and how patients utilize plural healing options. Despite a wide range of medical modalities, people categorize and use medicine according to whether ...

More than 22 million Americans are living with addiction, including nearly seven million who misuse prescription medications. However, most medical schools and residency programs provide little to no education addressing alcohol and drug addiction. Implementation of a new addiction medicine curriculum at a single internal medicine program provided an opportunity ...

MODERATOR: Randall B. Griepp, MD, New York, NY. PANELISTS: Joseph S. Coselli, MD, Texas Heart Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; John Elefteriades, MD, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Gabriele Di Luozzo, MD, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY; Hazim J. Safi, MD, University ...

To introduce diagram of Nine-mansions in which another diagram named Xian-Tu is nested together with the mathematical knowledge hidden in them. Exploring with algebraic method the diagram of Nine-mansions and diagram of Xian-Tu nested in it and comparing the diagrams with the eight-pointed-star veins. It widely exists in the Neolithic ...

The present study provided a group learning activity called "Ambulatory Medicine Tutorial-AMT" for 5th year medical students in order to facilitate learning experience at ambulatory setting and to improve medical students' clinical performance. This research aimed specifically to study the effect of AMT. Two groups of twenty 5th-year medical students ...

Introduction Emergency medical care in Pakistan has not been a priority of medical education and training because of the country's need to address its lack of primary care. Resources and trained personnel are scarce. Despite these challenges, the value of emergency medical care is gaining attention. The objective of this ...

Confusions about the place of race in medicine result in part from a failure to recognize the plurality of race concepts. Recognition that the ordinary concept of race is not identical to the racialist concept of race makes it possible to ask whether there might be a legitimate place for ...

In this paper we (1) define and describe the practice of narrative medicine, (2) reveal the need for narrative medicine by exposing the presuppositions that give rise to its discounting, including a reductive empiricism and a strict dichotomy between scientific fact and narrative value, (3) show evidence of the effects ...

Underwater and hyperbaric medicine focuses on diving physiology, prevention and treatment of health problems related to the exposure to high ambient pressure and therapeutic use of hyperbaric oxygen for several medical conditions. Adequate educational standards should be developed for physicians working in the field of underwater and hyperbaric medicine. In ...

Because of its ethical and social implications, preimplantation sex selection is frequently the subject of debates. In 2006, we surveyed specialists in reproductive medicine in Germany using an anonymous questionnaire, including sociodemographic data and questions regarding ethical problems occurring in the practice of reproductive medicine. Most questions focused on preimplantation ...

The practice of medicine is an art as well as a science. As doctors diagnose illness and treat patients day after day, they constantly interweave the social, psychological, ethical and scientific aspects of clinical practice. However, the humanistic values necessary for this approach are generally perceived to be lacking in ...

Palatal myoclonus (PM) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by involuntary movements of the soft palate musculature causing objective clicking tinnitus. Two forms are recognized as distinct clinical entities, with poorly understood pathogenesis: essential and symptomatic PM. The intrusive nature of the tinnitus prompts patients to seek medical advice. Conventional ...

The evidence on the effectiveness of alternating antipyretics in fever management is scarce and indicates clinically negligible differences. The present study aimed to describe therapeutic procedures and the use of alternating antipyretics in children, and to evaluate associated factors. This was a cross-sectional study with 692 children aged 0 to ...

Mass casualty events and disasters, both natural and human-generated, occur frequently around the world and can generate scores of injured or ill victims in need of resources. Of the available medical supplies, oxygen remains the critical consumable resource in disaster management. Strategic management of oxygen supplies in disaster scenarios remains ...

Although acupuncture theory is a fundamental part of the Huangdi Neijing, the clinical application of the needle therapy in ancient China was always a limited one. From early times there have been warnings that acupuncture might do harm. In books like Zhang Zhongjing's Shanghanlun it plays only a marginal role. ...

This article presents an overview of alternative therapies for skin disorders including traditional Chinese medicine (acupuncture and Chinese herbs), homeopathy, and Western herbs and plant extracts. The medical and veterinary literature on the aforementioned modalities will be reviewed with a focus on reduction of inflammation and pruritus of the skin ...

Gender medicine, which takes a differentiated look at human beings as individuals and aims to provide targeted, gender-specific medical care, is slowly gaining recognition and acceptance. Nevertheless, this medical science that cuts across all medical disciplines has been only marginally incorporated into medical education curricula. The authors will look at ...

Not all medical injuries are the result of negligence. In fact, most medical injuries are the result either of the inherent risk in the practice of medicine, or due to system errors, which cannot be prevented simply through fear of disciplinary action. This paper will discuss the differences between adverse ...

The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires that emergency medicine (EM) residency graduates are competent in the medical knowledge (MK) core competency. EM educators use a number of tools to measure a resident's progress toward this goal; it is not always clear whether these tools provide a valid ...

ABSTRACT: Islamic medicine is regarded as a comprehensive medical school with a long, glorious and worldwide reputation. Some of the physicians of this school are famous worldwide and have contributed valuable services to the scientific world. Given the dramatically increasing prevalence of cancer and the relative inefficacy of current medications, ...

Few can forget the chaos that took place in 2007 with the introduction of Modernising Medical Careers (MMC) and the Medical Training Application Service (MTAS) recruitment process for doctors. Bayne et al (2007) described the waves of anger that ran throughout the medical profession, partly as a result of the ...

With the passage of the Air Commerce Act in May 1926, civil aviation safety became a federal responsibility under the Department of Commerce (DoC). In November of that year, Louis Hopewell Bauer (1888-1964) became the DoC's first Aviation Medical Director. After earning his medical degree at the Harvard School of ...

Many predict a takeover (seen by some as hostile, and by others as inadvertent) of professional virtues and values by government and capitalism. One source of professional virtues and values consists of lessons from the history of medicine as taught and mentored by Sir William Osler. Some medical schools have ...

Long term care facilities are important sites of care for elderly adults. Despite a growing need and interest in medical direction in nursing homes, there have been limited educational opportunities in this area for geriatric medicine fellows. This article describes a novel medical director's curriculum for first-year geriatric medicine fellows ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There have been a few but not precise surveys of the current status of traditional Japanese Kampo education at medical schools in Japan. Our aim was to identify problems and suggest solutions for a standardized Kampo educational model for all medical schools throughout Japan. METHODS: We surveyed all ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), usually along with other medical care. This study aimed to determine associations of ASD diagnostic category, co-existing conditions, and use of medications with use of CAM. METHODS We used the Autism Speaks ...

PURPOSE: To investigate the common side effects of topical antiglaucoma medication, factors affecting compliance, and the utilization of herbal medicine for glaucoma treatment in South Korea. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional multicenter hospital-based study. In-depth interviews using a structured questionnaire were conducted with 581 individuals diagnosed with glaucoma. Additional eligibility ...

Joseph Gensoul is considered an important figure of the 19th century Lyonnais Medical School. His contribution to maxillofacial surgery and his legendary abilities secured him a place in the history of Medicine.

Charles Preston and colleagues use case studies to describe how regulatory systems for medical products and medicines must be strengthened in low and middle income countries to assure adequate quality, safety and efficacy.

The issue of how to incorporate the individual's first-hand experience of illness into broader medical understanding is a major question in medical theory and practice. In a philosophical context, phenomenology, with its emphasis on the subject's perception of phenomena as the basis for knowledge and its questioning of naturalism, seems ...

BACKGROUND: Hereditary angioedema is a potentially life-threatening disorder, because edema occurring in the mucosa of the upper airways can lead to suffocation. The management of HAE consists of avoiding the triggering factors, prophylaxis, and the acute treatment of edematous episodes. Medical procedures can also provoke edematous attacks, and therefore, short-term ...

The historiography of medicine in South Asia often assumes the presence of preordained, homogenous, coherent and clearly-bound medical systems. They also tend to take the existence of a medical 'mainstream' for granted. This article argues that the idea of an 'orthodox', 'mainstream' named allopathy and one of its 'alternatives' homoeopathy ...

BACKGROUND: Medication reconciliation process has proved to be an effective tool to improve the safety of drug use. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of an intervention aimed to decrease unintended discrepancies between patient's usual treatment and medications prescribed on admission to the Department of Internal ...

The chronicity of chronic disease, and its associated uncertainties and fluctuations in health status, pain and/or discomfort, often leaves those so diagnosed feeling that they have lost control. Treatment can exacerbate this sense of loss of control, as people surrender to the expertise of their biomedical providers and interventions. In ...

Acupuncture has had a successful story in Brazil. With its use in the public health system supported by legislation since 1988, its recognition as a medical specialty in 1995 enabled the introduction of an annual board examination and the creation of an official Medical Residency Programme. Since then, medical acupuncture ...