Physicians hold numerous types of leadership positions in academic, executive, and/or clinical environments. To be successful, physician leaders must exert power, or social influence, as power is conceptualized in social psychology. The power of leaders accrues through their positions, expertise, or other factors, such as communication abilities or their ability ...

To provide a review and update on the medical management of pit viper envenomation in dogs. Pit viper snake (Crotalidae) envenomation in dogs is a common emergency in the United States. At least 50 enzymes contribute to snake venom potency that causes soft tissue damage, vasculotoxicity, coagulopathy, cytotoxicity, and necrosis. ...

Intelligent affective computers can have many medical and non-medical applications. However today's affective computers are limited in scope by their transferability to other application environments or that they monitor only one aspect of physiological emotion expression. Here, the use of a wireless EEG system, which can be implemented in a ...

51 inconclusive studies published in 14 Indian medical journals were analyzed for adequacy of power by post hoc power calculation. No study was found to be adequately powered (%80%) at small effect size, only 8 studies were adequately powered for medium effect size and 30 studies were adequately powered at ...

: The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) does not recommend guidelines on authorship position, despite its important role in academic promotion. To identify perceptions of authorship position, the authors performed the first study of authorship position using only open-ended questioning. : Articles with at least 3 authors were ...

Object The Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) criteria were published in 1996 to standardize the reporting and improve the quality of clinical trials. Despite having been endorsed by major medical journals and shown to improve the quality of reported trials, neurosurgical journals have yet to formally adopt these ...

Why do we continue to gather to meet to exchange medical knowledge more than 500 years after the invention of the printing press, 100 years after the telephone, and 20 years after the widespread use of email? We, the human race, have been transmitting information by multimedia--voice, face, and body ...

Over the last five years several scholarly publishing associations have been launched in Africa - the Forum for African Medical Editors (FAME), the Society of African Journals (SAJE), the Consortium of African Scholarly Publishers (CASP), the Africa Journals Partnership Project and the African Association of Science Editors (AASE). What, if ...

This paper presents the methods and results of a study designed to produce the third edition of the "Basic List of Veterinary Medical Serials," which was established by the Veterinary Medical Libraries Section in 1976 and last updated in 1986. A set of 238 titles were evaluated using a decision ...

It has become standard practice in medical journals to require authors to disclose their relationships with industry. However, these requirements vary among journals and often lack specificity. As a result, disclosures may not consistently reveal author-industry ties. We examined the 2007 physician payment information from 5 orthopedic device companies to ...

Adriane Fugh-Berman examines documents unsealed in recent litigation to investigate how pharmaceutical companies promoted hormone therapy drugs, including the use of medical writing companies to produce ghostwritten manuscripts and place them into medical journals.

Vascular surgery has matured to the point that there exists robust bodies of literature exploring many of our therapies. However, this evidence is but one of the factors that dictate medical practice. Others include local patient demographics, the practical implications of healthcare delivery, and an individual surgeon's interpretation of this ...

Volume 1 of the Journal of the National Medical Association (JNMA), published quarterly during 1909, included a good deal of space devoted to 2 key concerns: (1) building and unifying black health professionals in medicine, surgery, dentistry, and pharmacy; and (2) providing a voice for these African American health professionals ...

Hand and wrist radiographs of patient with TODPD: bilateral, symmetrical involvement with shortening of the bones, amorphous ossification and interosseous fusions. See article by Brunetti-Pierri et al. in this issue.

Fast forward 50 years into the future. A look back at what occurred in the field of bioethics since 2010 reveals that a conference in 2050 commemorated the death of bioethics. In a steady progression over the years, the field became increasingly fragmented and bureaucratized. Disagreement and dissension were rife, ...

BACKGROUND: Many medical schools require a student thesis before graduation. Publishing results in a peer-reviewed journal could be an indicator of scientific value and acceptability by the scientific community. The publication pattern of theses published by medical students in Peru is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess ...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of inappropriate use of arithmetic scales to present relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) data in figures among a group of high-profile general medical journals. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Articles presenting RR or OR data in figures and published in one of five journals ...

A comparison of the results of pivotal trials on three new medicines for advanced breast cancer published in medical journals with those presented in the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviews showed that analyses reported in journals were of lower quality and were given a favorable interpretation by minimizing ...

Note the the hypoplasia of middle phalanges, syndactyly of fingers and toes, and bilateral preaxial polydactyly on feet in the upper panel and the syndactyly of fingers and toes and postaxial polydactyly of hands and feet in the lower. See article by Alessandri et al. in this issue.

Biparietal foramina, characteristic of Potocki-Shaffer syndrome, are evident on the skull X-ray images; Exostoses of the diaphyseal portion of the right humerus are seen on the radiograph. See article by Swarr et al. in this issue.

OBJECTIVE: Medicine is a discipline where there are still pronounced gender imbalances. Whereas worldwide about 50% of beginners in medical schools are female, only few of them reach leading positions. Our aim was to analyze how this situation is reflected in a peer-reviewed general medical-scientific journal. METHODS: We screened all ...

Variations in length of the incisura. See article by Hunter in this issue.

Peer-reviewed journals remain important vehicles for knowledge transfer and dissemination in health informatics, yet, their format, processes and business models are changing only slowly. Up to the end of last century, it was common for individual researchers and scientific organizations to leave the business of knowledge transfer to professional publishers, ...

BACKGROUND: Claims made in advertisements in medical journals might not always be supported by high-quality evidence, and referenced studies may have been sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry itself. We studied to what extent randomised controlled trials (RCTs) support the claims in advertisements in leading medical journals. METHODS: Consecutive unique advertisements ...

Oral findings in the patient with a novel syndrome. Note nummular scars, high palate, and gingival synechiae. See article by Castori et al. in this issue.

For the article "Improvement of Active Rheumatoid Arthritis After Etanercept Injection: A Single-center Experience" that was published in the Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 2009;72(11):581-7, the "Received" date was wrongly listed as "April 279, 2009". The date is corrected to "April 27, 2009".

Defined as reviews of clinical aspects of a specific health problem published in peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed medical journals, offered without charge, continuing medical education (CME) articles form a key strategy for translating knowledge into practice. This study assessed CME articles for mention of evidence-based information on benefits and harms of ...

BACKGROUND: Journal clubs are active at many universities and they involve many specialties and subspecialties. There is a surprising dearth of journal clubs which deal with articles related to the science of medical education. AIMS: In an effort to expose medical educators to the outstanding benefits of medical education journal ...

Most published articles are not cited and citation rates depend on many variables. We hypothesized that specific features of journal titles may be related to citation rates. We reviewed the title characteristics of the 25 most cited articles and the 25 least cited articles published in 2005 in general and ...

Influential medical journals shape medical science and practice and their prestige is usually appraised by citation impact metrics, such as the journal impact factor. However, how permanent are medical journals and how stable is their impact over time? We evaluated what happened to general medical journals that were publishing papers ...

Impact factor (IF) is a commonly used surrogate for assessing the scientific quality of journals and articles. There is growing discontent in the medical community with the use of this quality assessment tool because of its many inherent limitations. To help address such concerns, Eigenfactor (ES) and Article Influence scores ...

Editors from a number of medical journals lay out principles for journals considering publication of Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER). In order to encourage dissemination of this editorial, this article is freely available in PLoS Medicine and will be also published in Medical Decision Making, Croatian Medical Journal, The Cochrane Library, ...

PURPOSE: Exploration of Howard Atwood Kelly's contributions to gynecologic brachytherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Review of contemporary journals, texts, newspaper accounts, and the memoirs of Kelly's associates. Information from unpublished material, including Kelly's handwritten notes and diaries, was culled from the Alan Mason Chesney Archives of the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. ...

The concept of editorial freedom or independence is examined in the light of the editor-owner relationship. Like individual and national freedom or independence, it is a rhetorical concept whose realisation flows from internal achievement as much as it depends on external validation. This freedom entails roles and responsibilities embodied in ...

Portrait of J. Langdon Down, circa 1870. See article by Neri and Opitz in this issue.

BACKGROUND: Data reliability in original research requires collective trust from the academic community. Standards exist to ensure data integrity, but these safeguards are applied non-uniformly so errors or even fraud may still exist in the literature. OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and consequences of data errors, data reliability safeguards and ...

CONTEXT: Conflicts of interest (COIs) may influence medical literature. However, it is unclear whether medical journals have consistent policies for defining and soliciting COI disclosures. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of author COI policies, requirements for signed disclosure statements, and variability in COI definitions among medical journals. DESIGN: A cross-sectional ...

The acceptance of a paper in a top-ranked journal depends on the importance of the study, and should not depend on its country of origin. If the papers' citation rate is a proxy for their importance, and the threshold for acceptance is unrelated to the country of origin, papers from ...

Introducing a new disclosure form for member journals of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

The girl with progeroid syndrome and scleroderma-like skin changes at the age of 18 months. See article by Madej-Pilarczyk et al. in this issue.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the perception of honorary coauthorship among medical academics and to determine whether a potential effect of honorary coauthorship exists on patient care. METHODS: Corresponding authors of every fourth primary research paper published in JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association (2001-2003), Canadian Medical Association Journal (2001-2003), British ...

We examine the impact that medical research published in peer-reviewed journals has on the practice of medicine. We exploit the release of a recent New England Journal of Medicine article which demonstrated that the risks of attempting a vaginal birth after having a previous C-section birth (VBAC) were higher than ...

This study aimed to identify and categorize publications about themes related to medication administration in Brazilian nursing journals between 1987 and 2008. From a survey in the main health databases, we reviewed literature about the theme in six Brazilian journals, classifying the articles into care, teaching, research, technique, medication errors, ...

Health Estate Journal discusses with medical auction specialist Hilditch Group how Trusts and other healthcare providers can safely and gainfully dispose of, at auction, equipment no longer required, discovering how both buyers and sellers can benefit.

BACKGROUND: This study examined the methodologic quality of medical education research published in The American Journal of Surgery (AJS) relative to other journals and in AJS itself over time. METHODS: Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) scores were determined for 198 education studies published in 2003 in 13 peer-reviewed ...

This study was done to observe the accuracy of references in articles published in indexed journals of Nepal. There were 30 references randomly selected from three indexed journals of Nepal published between January 2007 and December 2008. Nepal Medical College Journal (NMCJ), Journal of Nepal Medical Association (JNMA) and Kathmandu ...

OBJECTIVES: Objective and indirect evidence was used to determine whether required author contribution forms were associated with a decrease in author counts in four major general medicine journals (British Medical Journal [BMJ], Journal of the American Medical Association [JAMA], Canadian Medical Association Journal [CMAJ], and the Lancet). The number of ...

OBJECTIVES: The current study evaluates the results of a previously reported method for creating a core medical electronic journal collection for a new medical school library, validates the core collection created specifically to meet the needs of the new school, and identifies strategies for making cost-effective e-journal selection decisions. METHODS: ...

Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) is multidisciplinary databases of bibliographic information gathered from thousands of scholarly journals. Our purpose was to select high quality and currently published journal of cardiology and cardiovasology, and SCIE is generally recognized by the world. As a general rule, the journals with high impact factors ...

Medical journals hold an exalted position in medicine, but have many shortcomings. This perspective reviews some of the shortcomings of medical journals which are primarily related to inexperience, bias, and commercialism. The issues discussed include the uncertain mission of the traditional medical journal in the modern digital age, the inherent ...