OBJECTIVES: Our aims were to investigate family medical history taking in general practice, and to evaluate the value attached to the family medical history as an aid to decision making in general practice. METHOD: A postal questionnaire survey was conducted among all 291 GPs working within the Calderdale and Kirklees ...

Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism is a rare disorder characterized by normal serum parathyroid hormone, calcium, and phosphate and skeletal abnormalities (referred to as Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy) that include short stature, short digits, and heterotopic calcifications. Since each military recruit cannot be screened for every medical condition, unusual requests regarding fitness for duty might ...

An athletic 26-year-old black male soldier presented with a 5-week history of intermittent fever up to a maximum of 102 degrees F (38.9 degrees C), 10-lb weight loss, and malaise. He denied any localizing signs or symptoms. At the time of admission his medical, surgical, and travel histories were unremarkable; ...

I propose that Alexander the Great died of acute pancreatitis secondary to heavy alcohol consumption and a very rich meal. The cause of death of prominent historic or artistic figures attracts considerable interest of historians and researchers. This is especially the case for Alexander the Great. More than 20,000 publications, ...

Current medical history forms are sometimes confusing, have questions that are not relevant to all patients, or contain medical terminology that is unknown to them. Patients filling these forms can waste time reading irrelevant questions, and might have to ask a nurse or their physician to clarify confusing questions or ...

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is common among people with severe mental retardation who may also have multiple complex medical problems coupled with communication difficulties. This combination of factors sometimes makes it difficult to obtain accurate and detailed medical histories. In this exploratory descriptive study of 25 patients with SIB, 28% had ...

A cross-sectional prevalence survey of asbestosis, including all 1,140 employees of a diversified asbestos products manufacturer, was conducted in 1932 by Drs. Anthony J. Lanza and Frank V. Meriwether. Occupational histories were obtained from workers in order to identify job tasks with exposure to asbestos and other fibrogenic dusts. Abbreviated ...

Even though for most of medical anthropologists, history of medicine is far from their professional interest, that is not the case in South European and specially in Latin American medical anthropology. For us, history of medicine is a seminal point of academic discussion in the last two decades particularly in ...

Organized psychoanalysis has a long history of discussing and formulating policies on retirement, but follow-through has been lax and few analysts retire unless forced by illness. Institutes tend to avoid and deny the problem of the impaired analyst. Procedural guidelines are needed for assessing competency and imposing involuntary retirement. The ...

Recent publications [American Journal of Nephrology (1985-1995)] have contributed much to our understanding of the history of nephrology. Whether the earliest medical knowledge of the kidney was kindled in Egypt, by the Hindus in India, in ancient China, or by Assyro-Babylonians we cannot determine with certainty. What is known is ...

Video defecography is a dynamic investigation which can influence surgical decision making in constipated patients. A study was therefore undertaken to assess the inter and intraobserver variability in video defecography. Specifically, we sought to assess the interpretation of video defecographies by a group of observers with the same training, guidelines ...

Departing from the latest academic research into Nazi medicine in Germany, the author looks at theoretical and ideological concepts in German history that left their mark on the formation of race hygiene. He argues that the overdramatization of the economic burden caused by the special requirements of the chronically ill ...

Spanish influence in the New World was particularly acute in the areas of medicine and medical education. From the time of Columbus forward prominent medical experts journeyed to Latin America establishing medical schools and research centers. This essay chronicles the history of Latin America with a strong focus on the ...

Spanish influence in the New World was particularly acute in the areas of medicine and medical education. From the time of Columbus forward prominent medical experts journeyed to Latin America establishing medical schools and research centers. This essay chronicles the history of Latin America with a strong focus on the ...

Thomas Ferrar was the second professor of surgery in the short-lived (1835-1849) medical school of the Royal Belfast Academical Institution. Appointed on 5 July 1836 he failed to turn up for the winter session and was accordingly discharged on 29 November. He died in Sligo in the following June aged ...

Specific types of alopecia can be readily identified by history and physical examination with a high degree of accuracy in 97% of cases. Although some confirmatory laboratory studies may be required, two elements of the medical history and four elements of the physical examination can lead a dermatologist knowledgeable in ...

A patient receiving sotalol developed recurrent torsades de pointes following the addition of terfenadine (Seldane) to her medical regimen. A 71-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation successfully suppressed with sotalol, 80 mg bid, was started on terfenadine, 60 mg bid. Eight days later, she developed repeated self-terminating episodes ...

Neither Dowler nor Lord seems personally to have left any record in the entomological literature, but both made or obtained significant collections of insects in areas which at the time, and for a considerable period subsequently, were entomological terrae incognitae. Their collections were drawn on extensively by contemporary describers, for ...

In the period from 1986 to 1995, the Department of Public Health in Wuppertal conducted an examination of 263 patients who had come from Sri Lanka as refugees and applied for political asylum in the Federal Republic of Germany. Isolated front tooth gaps were observed in more than 60% of ...

Toxidromes are well known to emergency physicians. An unclear or incomplete history and subtle findings on physical examination make the diagnosis of poisonings challenging. This article reports a patient who had an acute onset of visual hallucinations, pressured speech, and mania. Although she denied taking any medications, she was ultimately ...

Anemia affects many active patients, from young female recreational athletes to elite male competitors. The treatment may simply be iron supplementation, but the causes of iron-deficiency anemia are many, including poor nutrition, exercise-induced hemoglobinuria or hematuria, gastritis, hemorrhoids, peptic ulcer disease, angiodysplasia, and adenocarcinoma. Therefore, physicians need to do a ...

A 66-year-old woman presented with a 6-week history of an indolent ulcerating lesion on the anterior chest wall. She had a past medical history of pulmonary tuberculosis which had been treated successfully in 1947. Biopsy of the ulcer showed granulomas and acid-fast bacilli. Cultures grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis, sensitive to all ...

The relief of suffering is commonly cited as a principal goal of clinical medicine. Yet suffering receives little attention in medical case histories, except for symptoms of pain or dysfunction that are useful diagnostically or in following the course of known disease and evaluating the effects of treatment. Contemporary attempts ...

The direct and indirect effects of demographic, medical, and psychological variables on neuropsychological performance in elderly individuals were examined using a LISREL structural equation model. One-hundred fifty-six geriatric subjects were individually administered a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, an extensive medical history and demographics questionnaire, and the Neuropsychology Behavior and Affect Profile ...

The syndrome of "obsessive difficult temperament" is described, and its response to serotonergic medication is reported. Diagnostic criteria are proposed for this temperamental pattern characterized by functional impairment due to obsessive rigidity, irritability, withdrawal, and poor self-regulation. The clinical characteristics, prior treatment, family history, and medication response are presented for ...

A gift from a patient drew Hope, BC, family physician Gerd Asche irrevocably into the local medical history of the 1858 Fraser River Gold Rush. Because of his interest in Dr. Max William Fifer, Asche undertook research missions in British Columbia, England and the US, converted his computer room to ...

All autopsied car drivers (n = 480) aged > or = 18 years, who were fatally injured and died within 3 days of the crash in northern Sweden over a 13-year period were studied. A grading system was developed to assess the probability of contribution of intrinsic medical factors to ...

On February 25, 1886, in San Francisco, California the first documented resection of a primary brain tumor in the United States was performed by Drs. Hirschfelder and Morse. This operation followed fourteen months after the first recognized resection of a primary brain tumor in history was performed by Mr. Rickman ...

The history of the synapse concept is traced from its inception in the 1890s to the present day. Three major periods are highlighted: the 1890s, the mid-twentieth century and modern times. The dependence of progress on the development of techniques is emphasised. The significance of the external context, the metaphors ...

In the squash forehand drive, the contribution that each of the upper limb segment's anatomical rotations make to racket-head velocity towards the front wall (x-direction) during the forward swing and at impact were calculated. Eight squash players (3 females, 5 males) capable of hitting a high-performance squash forehand drive were ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In 6% to 9% of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), familial aggregation occurs; truly familial cases carry a worse prognosis than sporadic cases and raise the question of screening. If relatives have died from SAH, the family history is often the only available clue to the diagnosis, ...

A self-report postal questionnaire was sent to 5000 (3612 male) drivers randomly selected from the policy holders of an insurance company which insures only motorists who have achieved a maximum 'no-claims bonus'. The questionnaire sought demographic and physical details (sex, age, height, weight and collar size), driving history (number of ...

The history of the discovery of technetium is reviewed within the framework of the discovery and production of artificial radioactivity in the twentieth century. Important elements of this history are the accidental production of this element in a cyclotron in Berkeley, California, USA, a machine devised by Ernest Orlando Lawrence, ...

A 51-year-old man with no significant medical history presented to the emergency department with acute onset of confusion, nausea, and vomiting. He denied ethanol abuse and was not taking any medications.

Originally prepared as part of the background material for an International Psychoanalytical Association Symposium devoted to a critical consideration and review of the structure and functioning of the IPA in 1988, this paper uses sources within the IPA's Archives to trace the key developments in their history since their foundation ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of horses in Louisiana by assessing the signalment, history, environmental factors, clinical signs, and treatment of such horses. DESIGN: Epidemiologic mail survey. SAMPLE POPULATION: 83 of 240 veterinarians contacted by mail agreed to take part in the survey. Veterinarians contacted were listed as ...

Spirituality can be defined as a belief system focusing on intangible elements that impart vitality and meaning to life's events. Often spirituality is expressed through formalized religions. Recently, the interplay of spirituality, religion, and health care has been explored in the medical literature. Spiritual belief systems impact on the incidences, ...

The focus of the history of Cheltenham has been primarily upon the rich, while little recognition given to the suffering poor. Both categories co-existed and the former were often there to help the latter. In the early nineteenth century there was the initiation of a range of charitable institutions and ...

OBJECTIVE: To understand better the trade-offs of not incorporating explicit time in Quick Medical Reference (QMR), a diagnostic system in the domain of general internal medicine, along the dimensions of expressive power and diagnostic accuracy. DESIGN: The study was conducted in two phases. Phase I was a descriptive analysis of ...

In this Article, Manus proposes a Model Surrogate Parenthood Act. He examines the medical and scientific history of surrogacy and reviews the jurisprudence in the area, specifically the constitutional relationship between procreation rights and surrogacy. The author asserts that surrogate motherhood cannot be, and indeed, should not be, eradicated through ...

Even today, leprosy is a relatively frequently occurring disease, especially in tropical regions of the world. From the eleventh to thirteenth century, leprosy pandemics affected Europe, including Croatia. Probably as a consequence of such history, one can still find endemic foci of leprosy in present-day Croatia. The aim of this ...

This paper presents a short history of the development of medical internal dosimetry. It reviews the evolution of the equations and discusses the development of various mathematical models used to improve radiation absorbed dose estimates. The contributions of Leonidas Marinelli, Edith Quimby, William Mayneord, Robert Loevinger, Walter Snyder, and others ...

Clinicians are, by their very nature, historians--a question remains as to whether and how the history of medicine should be studied as a subject. In recent years medical educators have increasingly answered this question by deleting medical history from the curriculum. But this may be a mistake: among other things ...

In this paper we give an overview of smart card technology how a smart card could be used as a healthcare card and the benefits that would most likely result from doing so. The smart card memory can be zoned into different security levels. The top security zone may contain ...

Oral health care for the medically compromised patient requires that the practitioner possess an ability to appropriately gather and critically analyze a patient's medical history. This paper will provide the reader with an introduction to medical history collection and analysis. The various major systems will be presented in a manner ...

Whether the interest is shown through a new graduate course in medical history at the University of Toronto or membership in history-of-medicine clubs, physicians continue to show a keen curiosity about their profession's past. "Other countries have well-established medical-history museums and large permanent collections," explains one museum curator, "and Canada ...

Pretravel medical history and itinerary review coupled with education and counseling precedes a mutual plan between the provider and the traveler for appropriate immunizations, prophylaxis for malaria, and precautions against travelers' diarrhea. This article provides a useful tool for taking a travel history, an overview of the immunizations recommended, and ...

An exhibit at the McCord Museum of Canadian History, which runs until November, marks the centennial of the discovery of the x-ray. Among the items on display are a portable field x-ray machine used during World War I and one of the machines commonly found in shoe stores between 1930 ...

We cannot ignore the multitude of differences in Christian doctrines. There are more and more divisions and autogenetic beginnings. In talking about religion, we cannot ignore these differences, especially when we are trying to help the seeker. Neither can we ignore these differences when we talk about medical ethics. Care ...

History has long played a role in the education of American physicians, but the uses of medicine's past have changed over time. In the late nineteenth century, some physicians taught medical history to their students to supply a sense of continuity with professional traditions in times of rapid and bewildering ...