Female instrumentalists can encounter serious performing problems because of their physiology that is not regarded as being significant in medical terms, but which nevertheless may seriously hinder or even prevent them from playing their instruments. Music-related medical advice is based on fundamental medical procedures, and includes taking a detailed case ...

Abstract Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO) treatment is based on the principle of having the patient breath 100% oxygen in an environment above atmospheric pressure Ozone(O(3)) is a colorless gas with a specific odor and consists of three oxygen atoms. The classical scientific understanding is that the world has become a place suitable ...

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the perception of influence of music among surgeons, anesthesiologist and nurses in our hospital as well as to critically evaluate whether music can be used as an aid in improving the work efficiency of medical personnel in the operation theatre (OT). A ...

The Yale Medical Orchestra displayed exceptional talent and inspiration as it performed a timeless composition to celebrate Yale School of Medicine's bicentennial anniversary during a December 2010 concert. Under the leadership of musical directors Robert Smith and Adrian Slywotzky, the richly emotional meditations of Mendelssohn, Dvorak, Schubert, and Yale's own ...

Locus-specific databases are the most useful repositories of the sequence information underlying medical genetic conditions and, for this reason, they need our continued support.

In our everyday clinical experience we encounter significant problems directly related to the instability of psychopathological concepts. In order to trace the origin of this inconsistency, the nature of these concepts will be explored in their historical development. They will be compared to those pertaining to medical semiology, paying special ...

As directed by the Council of the Aerospace Medical Association, the Commercial Spaceflight Working Group has developed the following position paper concerning medical issues for commercial suborbital spaceflight crewmembers. This position paper has been approved by the AsMA Council to become a policy of the AsMA.

To assess the epidemiological data on motor vehicle collisions, injuries and deaths in Kyrgyzstan to inform evidence-based policy development. Data on motor vehicle collision and injury statistics covering 2003-2007 were obtained from official sources provided by the Department of Traffic Safety and the Ministry of Health's Republican Medical Information Centre. ...

Disease-modifying treatments are designed to prevent exacerbations in multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, few studies have examined the relationship between disease activity and treatment adherence in MS. The primary aim of this study was to examine the association between disease activity (e.g., annualized relapse rates), medication adherence, and appointment adherence ...

Medications with anticholinergic properties are frequently used in the elderly population. However, evidence suggests that these medications are associated with significant adverse effects and may lead to worsening of cognitive impairment, particularly in elderly patients with dementia. To examine the utilization of anticholinergic medications and factors associated with anticholinergic medication ...

To determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in Thai medical cadets. The study was conducted at Phramongkutklao College of Medicine. Ninety six participants (78 men and 18 women) were the healthy medical cadets class 34 who firstly enrolled as the second year medical students in ...

OBJECTIVES: Many polio survivors have symptoms that are known risk factors for falls in elderly people. This study aims to determine the: (i) frequency; (ii) consequences; (iii) circumstances; and (iv) factors associated with falls in polio survivors. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 376 polio survivors. Participants completed a falls ...

The elderly are especially prone to the adverse health effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is a common disorder in that population. While the prevalence and morbidity of COPD in the elderly are high, it is often undiagnosed and thus undertreated. The diagnosis of COPD is primarily based ...

Balancing medication use in the elderly is a complex task, made more difficult by the physiological changes and increased burden of disease seen with aging. This article reviews recent literature and outlines the basic principles and problems of medication use in older people, and provides potential strategies to optimise prescribing. ...

Multiple and inappropriate medications are often the cause for poor health status in the elderly. Medication reviews can improve prescribing. This study aimed to determine if a ten minute medication review by a general practitioner could reduce polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing in elderly patients. A prospective, randomised study was conducted. ...

BACKGROUND: Geriatrics is an emerging clinical specialty in India. Information about the appropriateness of prescription medication use among the elderly in India is limited. AIMS: To determine the prevalence and predictors of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use, and assess the relationship between PIM use and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in ...

Gerodontology 2010; doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2009.00358.x Relationships between the amount of saliva and medications in elderly individuals Objective:  To investigate medications that are related to volume of saliva in the elderly. Background data:  In the elderly, many cases of mouth dryness may represent side effects of medication. Materials and methods:  The volume ...

The first part of the present review describes the current status of elderly people with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in the community and basic viewpoints for differentiating between different forms of dementia. Specifically, it focuses on four points among the data and research related to determining the ...

Pharmaceutical compounding-the process by which a pharmacist combines ingredients into a customized medication for an individual patient-has ancient roots, with popularity that has waxed and waned throughout history. Elderly individuals and other long-term care patients may be among those who need customized medications, so pharmacists should be aware of the ...

Demographic evolution will considerably increase the number of people aged 65 years and beyond in the coming decades. The elderly not only represent the most heterogeneous population, but also are a major user group for prescribed medicines, a predominance that will continue to further increase. Medicines and medication management are ...

The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence of chronic conditions and medical expenditures of the elderly for health care planning development of chronic conditions. This research is based on the representative sample (N=114,873) of seniors over 65 years nationwide. The CCI by the U.S. Agency for Healthcare ...

The present study aimed to evaluate the associations between medication use and falls and to identify high risk medications that acted as a trigger for the onset of falls in an acute care hospital setting. We applied a case-crossover design wherein cases served as their own controls and comparisons were ...

To identify the factors that lead to increased use of emergency medical services (EMS) by patients 65 years of age and older in an urban EMS system. Retrospective, case-control study of frequent EMS use among elderly patients transported during one year in an urban EMS system. Three distinct groups were ...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper was to review alternative formulations, delivery methods, and administration options for psychotropic medications in elderly patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). METHODS: A MEDLINE search was conducted initially in December 2008 and was updated in September 2009, including the search terms ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Inappropriate prescribing in the elderly population is a well-recognized problem in public health. The Beers criteria have been widely used to evaluate the quality of prescribing for the elderly. However, because the Beers criteria were developed in the United States, they are not fully applicable in Italy. ...

BACKGROUND: Comorbidities before and complications following hip fracture surgery can impact the return of function. We hypothesized that the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of medical comorbidities is a useful surrogate variable for the patient's general medical condition and would be a strong predictor of perioperative medical complications following ...

Taiwan has the highest incidence and prevalence of end-stage renal disease globally, especially in the elderly population. The elderly with chronic kidney disease (CKD) also had high mortality. However, population-based research on how the elderly with CKD utilize medical services is still unexplored. We aimed to examine the effects of ...

OBJECTIVE: To compare stimulated and non-stimulated salivary flow, pH, buffering capacity and presence of signs and symptoms of hyposialie and xerostomia in elderly patients, with senile dementia using medication and healthy elderly subjects not using medication. METHODS: Forty individuals (mean age: 68.5 years) were divided into two groups, according to ...

Elderly patients are vulnerable to medication errors and adverse drug events due to increased morbidity, polypharmacy and inappropriate interactions. The objective of this study was to investigate whether systematic medication review and counselling performed by a clinical pharmacist and clinical pharmacologist would reduce length of in-hospital stay in elderly patients ...

To assess the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in medical inpatients aged 55-85 years without known cognitive deficits, and how often ward physicians mentioned MCI in their discharge notes. Moreover, we aimed to identify variables associated with MCI and to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Mini-Mental State ...

Cognitive decline and dementia are highly prevalent amongst the elderly. Medication management problems are also prevalent in this population. Although both problems coexist, the quantitative association between them has not been comprehensively analyzed. A prospective cross-sectional study of a successive cohort of 425 patients was performed in a community-based geriatric ...

This cross-sectional study examines the association between total prescription medication use and potentially inappropriate medication use (PIRx) among community-dwelling elderly patients with and without dementia. Data (September 2005 to September 2007) were from the National Institute on Aging-funded National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set. The study analyzed the Uniform ...

Constipation disproportionately affects older adults, with a prevalences of 50% in community-dwelling elderly and 74% in nursing-home residents. Loss of mobility, medications, underlying diseases, impaired anorectal sensation, and ignoring calls to defecate are as important as dyssynergic defecation or irritable bowel syndrome in causing constipation. Detailed medical history on medications ...

OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the differences in cognitive function, medical burden, and sociodemographic characteristics between elderly community-dwelling bipolar patients and age-matched and education-matched normal individuals. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Taipei Medical University Hospital, with 75 psychiatric beds, and Taipei City Psychiatric Center-a 612-bed psychiatric teaching hospital providing comprehensive psychiatric services. ...

Rhinitis in the elderly is a common but often neglected condition. Structural changes in the nose associated with aging, predisposes the elderly to rhinitis. There are a number of specific factors that affect medical treatment of the elderly including polypharmacy, cognitive dysfunction, changes in body composition, impairment of liver and ...

Polypharmacy is a significant and complex problem affecting more than 40% of the geriatric population. Accurate medication histories may be difficult to obtain, but must include over-the-counter remedies as well as prescription. Physiologic changes occur with aging that predispose elderly patients to adverse drug events. At a minimum, medications with ...

The incidence of new-onset epilepsy is high among elderly patients. Seizures can present differently to and with more subtle semiology than those in younger adults. This difference in presentation frequently poses a diagnostic challenge. Elderly patients also often have comorbidities, are usually on multiple medications that can interact, have altered ...

BACKGROUND: Adverse events (AEs) account for significant morbidity and mortality in elderly. Inappropriate medication usage has been regarded as an important factor contributing to AEs in them. Beers criteria are a set of standard criteria for guiding drug prescription in elderly. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the burden of AEs in the ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the validity of two medication-based co-morbidity indices, the Medicines Disease Burden Index (MDBI) and Rx-Risk-V in the Australian elderly population. METHODS: In Phase I, the sensitivity and specificity of both indices were determined in 767 respondents from wave 6 of the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ALSA). ...

OBJECTIVE: Chronic insomnia is a common phenomenon among the elderly. Inaccurate handling and use of hypnotics in the elderly has become an important issue in patient safety. Older people who self-medicate often have a high risk for medication errors. METHODS AND RESULTS: We described here the case of a 65-year-old ...

Few studies have examined the risk of multiple or high doses of combined central nervous system (CNS) medication use for recurrent falls in the elderly. The study objective was to evaluate whether multiple- or high-dose CNS medication use in older adults was associated with a higher risk of recurrent (>or=2) ...

Nursing home (NH) residents fall 11 times as frequently as their age-matched community-dwelling counterparts. The benefits of fall prevention strategies and hip protectors in terms of fracture risk in this setting are unclear. Moreover, there is no consensus on the efficacy of osteoporosis medication in NH residents. A systematic review ...

Professor Norman Exton-Smith was a highly respected, distinguished postwar consultant geriatrician with a worldwide reputation. He devoted his life to improving the medical care of elderly people and researching age-related decline in physical function, particularly thermoregulation and postural balance. He established thriving clinical and research departments at St Pancras Hospital, ...

Changing sleep architecture in the elderly may increase their vulnerability to comorbid insomnia. Common comorbid conditions include chronic pain, depression, nocturia, and neurologic conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Diagnosing and treating comorbid insomnia in an older population poses special challenges for clinicians given the variety of coexisting medical ...

BACKGROUND: Understanding information about medical screening tests often requires estimating positive predictive values (i.e., posterior probabilities), which is a notoriously difficult task. Previous studies have shown that representation of information in terms of natural frequencies (i.e., counts of occurrences that preserve base rates) facilitates judgments of positive predictive values. The ...

BACKGROUND: A number of surveys have examined use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) in Australia. However, there are limited Australian data on use of CAM and over-the-counter (OTC) medicines in the elderly population. The main aims of this study were to examine self-medication practices with CAM and OTC medicines ...

The older generation of patients with haemophilia still has musculoskeletal problems which limit activities and participation. One important aspect of male aging is the changes in sexuality. Sexual desire can be disturbed by fatigue, low testosterone or pain. Sexual excitement (erection) may be influenced by diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis, hypertension and ...

ED experts say that we can learn from the key developments of the past 20 years to help improve the way EDs operate in the future. Here are a few suggestions for adapting to the challenges that have arisen: Develop physician leadership of the triage process to reduce lengthy delays ...

The Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults assessment instrument highlights specific medications whose risks to older adults may outweigh their benefits. Nurses can use the criteria to evaluate medications for risks that warrant follow-up with older adults in various settings, including hospitals, nursing homes, and private ...

BACKGROUND: Explicit criteria for determining potentially inappropriate medication consumption in elderly were elaborated by Beers et al. These lists have been used worldwide to evaluate medical prescriptions but there is little epidemiologic evidence demonstrating negative consequences of inappropriate medication use. It has been reported that some drugs could increase the ...