Since 2008, approximately 30,000 Bhutanese refugees have been resettled in the United States. Routine medical examinations of refugees after arrival in resettlement states indicated hematologic and neurologic disorders caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. These cases were reported by examining physicians and state health departments to CDC, which initiated an investigation. ...

Are we preparing future generations of physicians with the skills to practice in the information age? Has the health care IT industry matured to the stage that we can standardize training physicians in how to search and synthesize massive databases of clinical information and tease out complex diagnoses based upon ...

The experimental study presented in this paper is aimed at the development of an automatic image segmentation system for classifying region of interest (ROI) in medical images which are obtained from different medical scanners such as PET, CT, or MRI. Multiresolution analysis (MRA) using wavelet, ridgelet, and curvelet transforms has ...

This paper presents a framework to build medical training applications by using virtual reality and a tool that helps the class instantiation of this framework. The main purpose is to make easier the building of virtual reality applications in the medical training area, considering systems to simulate biopsy exams and ...

This article aims to improve the understandings of safety and risk in childbirth in Morocco from a critical medical anthropological perspective. It is based upon nine weeks' of fieldwork undertaken in the town of Ifli,(1) an oasis in Eastern Morocco, on the border with Algeria. Ethnographic material stemmed mainly from ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the specific factors that graduates perceive to influence their success in obtaining primary training in a chosen field. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The New South Wales Medical Registration Board provided data on doctors who were registered to practise between 1995 and 2006. A brief, paper-based survey was ...

Addressing sexual health concerns in medical practice has been an emerging concept for the past two decades. However, there have been very few educational opportunities in medical training that would prepare future physicians for such a responsibility. Since assessing and treating sexual problems requires knowledge that encompasses many disciplines and ...

A Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center developed a brief questionnaire to support the identification of issues and the continuous improvement of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation process and its outcomes.

Training and planning for stability, security, transition, and reconstruction, to include humanitarian and civic assistance activities, has taken on new importance for today's military forces. Deployed medical forces providing medical care to local populations are presented with the challenge of limited resources, complex public health needs, and complex cultural and ...

Jacob Chandy, WHO passed away in 2007 at the age of 97, was born into a deeply religious Christian family in Kerala, South India. After obtaining his medical education at the Madras Medical College, Madras, he serendipitously came to work with Dr Paul Harrison, a renowned medical missionary, in the ...

Collaboration is used by the US National Security Council as a means to integrate inter-federal government agencies during planning and execution of common goals towards unified, national security. The concept of collaboration has benefits in the healthcare system by building trust, sharing resources, and reducing costs. The current terrorist threats ...

In organized orientation programs for newly recruited medical interns of the Nippon Medical School Hospital, the working committee of the clinical simulation laboratory introduced a laboratory training session that was designed to improve the clinical skills of the medical interns. The session consisted of 6 training courses, comprising internal examination, ...

Social and cultural diversity are increasingly important characteristics of the medical professional workforce. Every year, substantial numbers of international medical graduates (IMGs) seek jobs outside the countries in which they were educated. This article concerns IMGs who enter the Netherlands as refugees or as spouses of Dutch citizens. As their ...

OBJECTIVE: To use data from an evaluation of the Flinders University Parallel Rural Community Curriculum (PRCC) to inform four immediate challenges facing medical education in Australia as medical student numbers increase. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Thematic analysis of data obtained from focus groups with medical students undertaking the PRCC, a ...

PURPOSE: Postgraduate medical training was reformed to be more responsive to changing societal needs. In the Netherlands, as in various other Western countries, a competency-based curriculum was introduced reflecting the clinical and nonclinical roles a modern doctor should fulfill. It is still unclear, however, what this modernization process exactly comprises ...

Sir John Struthers, Scottish anatomist, professor, and surgeon, was an early advocate of clinical training in medical education, and his impact is still visible today. He was one of the first prominent anatomists in the United Kingdom to endorse Charles Darwin's controversial theory of natural selection, and his research reflected ...

The objective of this paper was to assess the resuscitation training and knowledge status of medical and surgical residents (SRs). A questionnaire of 23 questions was answered by medical and SRs in an Athens General Hospital. The questionnaire was designed based on the 2005 resuscitation guidelines. The questionnaire was answered ...

This is a longitudinal randomized controlled study investigating the efficacy of a communication and stress management skills training programme on medical residents' self-efficacy to communicate and to manage stress in interviews, stress to communicate in interviews, and burnout. Ninety-six medical residents participated. Results showed a statistically significant increase in self-efficacy ...

Physician training and practice occur in complex environments. These complex environments, or contexts, raise important challenges and opportunities for research and training in medical education. The authors explore how studies from fields outside medicine can assist medical educators with their approach to the notion of context in the clinical encounter. ...

The Modernising Medical Careers reforms in medical training have led to significant changes in the way junior doctors are trained. However, not all these changes have been welcomed by both trainees and trainers. This article seeks to examine some of the issues regarding training in surgery.

The New View Campaign is a grassroots initiative begun in 1999 to challenge the over-medicalization of sex in the wake of publicity following the release of Viagra. This paper describes the history of the campaign and its activities, which started with analysing the construction of female sexual dysfunction, and moved ...

For the past 10 years, the military medical system costs have increased by an estimated 167 percent. Behavioral health issues and physical ailments are major contributors to the increased costs. As a result, fatigue and burnout of medical professionals are growing concerns. The Army Medical Department (AMEDD) recognizes that physical ...

PURPOSE: Adequate education in first aid and basic life support (BLS) should be considered as an essential aspect of the medical curriculum. The objective of this study was to investigate the current medical training in first aid and BLS at all 8 medical schools in the Netherlands. SUMMARY: An evaluation ...

While the medical internship (MI) has evolved in some countries into competency-based training with innovative tools for assessment and feedback, the traditional MI is still the norm in many countries. To describe recent advances in the MI in several countries, to discuss the current MI situation in Saudi Arabia as ...

Research has demonstrated that appropriate use of interpreters in clinical encounters improves outcomes and decreases adverse events. This article reviews both the medical reasons for working with trained medical interpreters and the related laws, and offers practical tips for working effectively with interpreters.

With the introduction of Tomorrow's Doctors in 1993, medical education began the transition from a time- and process-based system to a competency-based training framework. Implementing competency-based training in postgraduate medical education poses many challenges but ultimately requires a demonstration that the learner is truly competent to progress in training or ...

Competency-based medical education (CBME), by definition, necessitates a robust and multifaceted assessment system. Assessment and the judgments or evaluations that arise from it are important at the level of the trainee, the program, and the public. When designing an assessment system for CBME, medical education leaders must attend to the ...

Medical teachers trained in conventional educational systems need faculty development to prepare them to function effectively in a competency-based medical education (CBME) system. Faculty development can provide knowledge about CBME, training in new teaching techniques in different domains of medical practice, and new strategies for providing the authentic and regular ...

The paper aims to analyse how the medical profession, the pro-competition organisation, and the rural community have responded to the rural doctor shortage with reference to international medical graduates (IMGs) as reported in Australian newspapers. Utilising the commercially available database LexisNexis during 2003, the author keyed in "overseas trained doctors" ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the ability of Army National Guard combat medics to perform a limited bedside echocardiography (BE) to determine cardiac activity after a brief training module. METHODS: Twelve Army National Guard health care specialists trained to the level of emergency medical technician-basic (EMT-B) underwent an educational session consisting of ...

This paper describes the origins and international impact of the Mayo Clinic through 1939. Multispecialty group practice was invented at the clinic a century ago. A visiting Canadian physician wrote in 1906, "Specialization and cooperation, with the best that can be had in each department, is here the motto. Cannot ...

BACKGROUND: Although medical programmes are often thoroughly evaluated, these evaluations more seldom include workplace points of view. The present study focuses on how well a Swedish medical programme was judged to prepare students for work as a physician. METHODS: Thirty-two competences in physicians' work were identified through interviews. A subsequent ...

Simulation is a common training modality used in aviation, the nuclear industry and by many medical specialties. The adoption of simulation by introductory perfusion education for beginning students and continuing medical education by cardiovascular perfusion has not kept pace with other fields and this paper explores issues connected with simulation ...

As I retrace my journey through the Special Forces ranks as a Medical Sergeant (18D) and finally a Sergeant Major (18Z) in preparation for retirement, I find myself reading years of forgotten evaluations, citations, and awards. Some cause me to pause in an attempt to recall the particulars; others summon ...

Over the past few decades, ultrasound has evolved from a radiology and subspecialist-centric instrument, to a common tool for bedside testing in a variety of specialties. The SOF community is now recognizing the relevancy of training medics to employ this technology for multiple clinical indications in the austere operating environment. ...

BACKGROUND: Trauma is major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. The Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) programme teaches a standardised method for the initial assessment and management of trauma patients, and has been adopted by more than 50 countries worldwide. AIM: We sought to assess the theoretical knowledge of ...

BACKGROUND: Training of lay first responder personnel situated closer to the potential victims than medical professionals is a strategy potentially capable of shortening the interval between collapse and start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. In this study we trained lay first responders personnel in basic ...

BACKGROUND: We investigated the views of newly graduating physicians on their preparedness for postgraduate clinical training, and evaluated the relationship of preparedness with the educational environment and the pass rate on the National Medical Licensure Examination (NMLE). METHODS: Data were obtained from 2429 PGY-1 physicians-in-training (response rate, 36%) using a ...

Spain has gone from a surplus to a shortage of medical doctors in very few years. Medium and long-term planning for health professionals has become a high priority for health authorities. We created a supply and demand/need simulation model for 43 medical specialties using system dynamics. The model includes demographic, ...

OBJECTIVES: Computer-based medical simulation has recently been adopted as a new method of medical education. This paper reviews the uses of medical simulation within the ENT specialty, and reports how such simulation is used in Al-Ahsa College of Medicine, Saudi Arabia. METHODS: We review our use of a simulation laboratory ...

Internal medicine physicians have long been trained with the skills, knowledge, and attitudes to become proficient at certain medical procedures. Specifically, the lumbar puncture, paracentesis, thoracentesis, and central venous catheter placement are common medical procedures encountered during residency. Despite recent changes that no longer require documented competency in procedure performance, ...

OBJECTIVES: The goal of undergraduate medical education is to prepare medical students for residency training. Active learning approaches remain important elements of the curriculum. Active learning of technical procedures in medical schools is particularly important, because residency training time is increasingly at a premium because of changes in the Accreditation ...

An overview and comparison of medical physics clinical training, academic education, and national certification/accreditation of individual professionals in Canada and Australia is presented. Topics discussed include program organization, funding, fees, administration, time requirements, content, program accreditation, and levels of certification/accreditation of individual Medical Physicists. Differences in the training, education, and ...

CONTEXT: Attempts to reduce doctors' working hours and streamline postgraduate medical training may mean junior doctors' out-of-hours experience is reduced. It is also proposed that, in the UK, compulsory clinical (Foundation Programme) competencies are to be accomplished in 1 year rather than 2 years as they are at present. This ...

BACKGROUND: The relief of suffering is a fundamental goal of medicine, but what medical students are taught about suffering has been largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: This pilot study explored the perceptions of physicians in postgraduate training of their medical school education about suffering. DESIGN: Survey research involving physicians in postgraduate family ...

In recent years, higher medical education has witnessed major changes in the structure and content of postgraduate medical training. Seven professional competencies have been described that address the medical doctors' ability to effectively communicate and transfer medical information, interact effectively and professionally, and demonstrate a good grasp of clinical knowledge ...

Assessment of medical specialists was introduced to ensure patient safety and to maintain professional knowledge. Cardiovascular specialist assessment is challenging, as the ongoing development of new technologies is associated with increased requirements for up-to-date training and acquisition of new skills. The cardiovascular specialties include cardiology, vascular interventional radiology, cardiac surgery ...

While the concept of the 'learning curve' is widely accepted and understood in medical education, the ethical appreciation of what this involves for patients has been under-represented in medical journals. Advances in medical technology have produced an armoury of diagnostic and therapeutic invasive procedures, which must be perfected by anaesthetists ...

Fire fighters are often in a position to provide immediate medical assistance to casualties at the incidents they attend. Fire service national standards require competence in casualty stabilisation but the scope of practice is variably interpreted. To determine the current level and nature of medical training being delivered to UK ...

Medical schools and residencies are currently facing a shift in their teaching paradigm. The increasing amount of medical information and research makes it difficult for medical education to stay current in its curriculum. As patients become increasingly concerned that students and residents are "practicing" on them, clinical medicine is becoming ...