Health care delivery in Mexico is divided in three groups: a social sector that covers approximately 53% of the population and is financed by the labor force, the state and the employer; a public, or open, sector that covers 33% of the population and is financed by federal and state ...

Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) is a 2-day course on handling the acutely injured patient. It has been developed by and is directed by the American College of Surgeons, and teaches a systematic approach to the care of the injured patient. It is relied upon as a teaching tool throughout ...

Surgical education and training in Australia and New Zealand are based on 6-year undergraduate medical curricula covering the scientific foundations of medical practice. One-year rotating internships are required in all states of Australia to allow medical graduates to satisfy statutory requirements for completing basic medical education prior to gaining credit ...

Because of shrinking resources, the United States military will be forced to carry out its mission in the future with maximum efficiency. Medical problems reduce the efficiency of the training of soldiers. Our project documents the medical problems that occurred in infantry basic trainees and tests easily obtainable information for ...

Cutaneous disease in the tropical training environment will be of concern for the medical officer assigned to ensure the health of soldiers participating in training. A review of all "sick calls" recorded during deployment to the Jungle Operations Training Center at Fort Sherman, Panama showed that 50% of the medical ...

United States military medical planning must reevaluate the practices of combat casualty resuscitation, transportation, and triage to secondary echelon care. Analysis of the experiences of other medical commands, such as that of the Israeli Defense Force, offers insight into improvements in equipment and training that are achievable with minimal cost. ...

A brigade field hospital provided the medical support for 2,600 troops during MILCON 92 (Militia Concentration 1992). During the exercise, 6.5% of the military personnel required treatment. Medical illnesses were far more common than traumatic injury. The spectrum of medical and surgical illness treated during militia exercises should be used ...

Foreign doctors, other than those from the European Economic Area, who want to train in Britain have to satisfy registration and immigration requirements before they can take up a post. The General Medical Council administers the registration regulations. These are quite separate from the immigration formalities, which are handled by ...

Medical Readiness Training Exercises (MEDRETES) are conducted by military medical units in a field environment, where US military personnel conduct medical evaluation, treatment, and health education for persons who are not health care beneficiaries of the US government. The primary mission of these exercises is the training of military personnel. ...

In this contribution recommendations for education and training in Medical Informatics as they have been formulated end 1987 by the Subcommittee Medical Informatics of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences are described. The current situation of education and training is presented and compared with the recommendations. It is ...

The author, a young plastic surgeon who just finished his training, evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the Swiss postgraduate medical training from a critical point of view based on his Canadian experience as a senior resident in plastic surgery. In Switzerland, after an undergraduate curriculum of six years in ...

A combination of financial, regulatory, and professional factors have led to a gradual but pronounced decline in generalist training and practice in the United States. This trend is likely to undergo dramatic reversal, however, as reflected by the diverse range of health care reform proposals incorporating incentives to promote generalist ...

Opportunities and resources for training of medical teachers have been criticized in recent UK reports. A survey of undergraduate and postgraduate medical deans showed that training courses were available at most institutions, though only a few were specifically designed for medical teachers. Many new and specific courses are being planned ...

January 1994 saw the start of a pilot second year VT scheme in the West Midlands combining house officer/GDP associateship experience as an integral part of general postgraduate training in dentistry. The scheme is funded by a grant from the W.M. Board of Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education. The availability ...

Chevalier Jackson was involved with bronchoesophagoscopy from the late 1800s until shortly before his death in 1958. A pioneer in the field, he developed numerous instruments used in peroral endoscopy and taught their safe and effective use. Most of the next generation of leaders in the field of bronchoesophagoscopy were ...

The aim of this paper is to offer some general observations about traditional psychotherapeutic healing and healers in the Palestinian community. Ten healers, known as sheikhs or sheikhas, were interviewed, and their statements comprise the principal data on which this study is based. Observations are offered regarding (1) the background, ...

This article provides a brief update on current national policies affecting medical education and training, and information on the present medical and dental workforce. Although of general interest, senior medical students and doctors in the training grades may find it particularly helpful when considering choices of future career. As there ...

Initially, the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) provided Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC) crews with medical requirements for both selection and operational use in the 'Safe Engineering and Operations (SEAOPS) Manual for Training Standardization and Evaluation of Crewmember Qualification, Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC).' However, the medical requirements were vague ...

Operation Desert Shield/Storm provided an opportunity to evaluate current medical assets and doctrine in support of Army air-land battle operations. The missions assigned to a medical company (clearing) during Operation Desert Shield/Storm demonstrated the value of the area support medical battalion as authorized under Medical Force 2000. The battalion, with ...

The 82d Airborne Division, as the Army's worldwide contingency division, places unique demands on its medical personnel. This was true particularly during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm in 1990-1991. An unprecedented emergency medical training program was carried out in preparation for the Gulf War. All levels of expertise were ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the views of young physicians (younger than age 45 years) regarding the appropriateness of specific aspects of medical training that have often been criticized as inadequate. DESIGN: Proportional analysis of survey data, stratified by medical school type and graduate medical education specialty and adjusted for demographics. SETTING: ...

Emphasis in medical training is laid on therapeutic approaches that prolong life at all costs. This training is reinforced by current medical practices in the United States and by an ever-expanding medical technology, such that it becomes difficult, if not impossible, to "let the patient go." In response, individuals promote ...

Highly trained medical specialists now possess a vast array of sophisticated technical apparatus with which to fight diseases. These tools, coupled with a growing emphasis on cost accounting and a medical paradigm emphasizing facts and depicting the human body as a machine, depersonalize health care by militating against a holistic ...

The medical specialties are being intensively reconsidered in the countries of Europe. The important need is for promoting improvement of educational training programmes. Evaluation and improvement of specialist training programmes is the priority and not the setting up of qualifying examinations. The first necessity is to safeguard 20 years of ...

Graduate medical education traditionally has emphasized the teaching of biomedical knowledge and technical skills. However, physicians-in-training also need opportunities to explore their emotional reactions that occur during the process of patient care and medical training. The promotion of personal growth and self-awareness should be important components of graduate medical education. ...

The legalization of euthanasia creates a certain tension when it is compared with those traditional medical principles that seem to embody respect for the sanctity of life. It also creates a real need for us to explore what we mean by harm in relation to dying patients. When we consider ...

The strength of postgraduate medical education in the United Kingdom lies in the recognition that it is a continuing process from the preregistration year through the training grades into the stage of independent practice. The continuity derives from the support given to postgraduate deans by the universities, regional health authorities ...

89 fellows of the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria in the Faculty of Public Health whose addresses were listed with the College Registrar were interviewed using a Mail Questionnaire. Overall, 53 replies were received after two reminders spread over an interval of two months and an overall waiting period ...

The fundamental goal of emergency medical response in disaster is to save lives and reduce injury and permanent disability. It has been observed that urgent emergency medical care of seriously injured earthquake casualties trapped under building rubble, cannot be provided unless the victims have been extricated and transported to medical ...

Disasters, whether natural or man-made, usually are unpredictable. Efforts to reduce morbidity and mortality from a disaster should be put forth before it occurs. A brief survey is presented of the worst flood to occur in a hundred years that affected eight provinces in Southeast China. The disaster preparedness and ...

We show that automated external defibrillation training of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) is less time consuming than manual defibrillation training, and hypothesize that both improve survival from sudden cardiac death. Data on 91 cardiac arrests over 27 months among five basic life support services was collected before EMT-defibrillation (EMT-D) training. ...

A commitment to country general practice and a determination to retain a broad based approach to it has resulted in Peter Graham's involvement in establishing recognition for the skills and training needed by country doctors. By continuing to embrace new skills and techniques he has remained in a medical sense ...

Microbiological Experiments. The ISEMSI microbiological contamination experiments confirmed known hypotheses, such as: the trend toward uniformity of skin microbial flora across a group of individuals enclosed together; the rather fast "colonization" of the environment by microorganisms shed by human inhabitants; and the heavy growth of microorganisms in poorly accessible and ...

This paper presents a research work on the generalization capability of Multilayers Feedforward Neural Networks with Backpropagation under the point of view of training data. The research is focused on the case of neural networks medical diagnosis systems and it is shown through 3-D plots of the neural network performance ...

In this paper the staffing pattern, training and infrastructural facilities of the National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP) at operational level as well as the attendant problems in mobilising human resources are discussed. The study shows that the major portion of the work of the NLEP is being shared by the ...

Training for medical counselors requires that medicine and psychiatry give up the position that counseling is only a negligible offshoot that almost any professional can readily do. Instead, counseling can be considered a generic concept that covers a wide variety of interventions designed to help patients cope with the complications ...

The existing podiatric medical residencies in the Department of Veterans Affairs are reviewed. The suitability of these residencies to fill a potential need for entry level programs is discussed. The financial implications of providing such training are reviewed and a plan for implementation is presented. Ninety-eight rotating podiatric residency positions ...

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of training and preparedness of Queensland country hospital relieving staff to perform their duties. DESIGN: A postal survey of 208 medical graduates who graduated in 1983 and were first enrolled on the Queensland Medical Register in 1985. RESULTS: Among the problems described was a lack of practical training ...

Three situations are described where a junior doctor is required by his consultant to do something that he thinks is not in the patient's best interests. The dilemma is explored from the perspective of patients' interests being the doctor's first concern; of the importance of respect for medical teachers, and ...

During medical training students and residents reconstruct their view of the world. Patients become bodies; both the faults and the virtues of the medical profession become exaggerated. This reconstruction has moral relevance: it is in part a moral blindness. The pain of medical training, together with its narrowness, contributes substantially ...

BACKGROUND: Previous small studies have demonstrated that operators of commercial tanning equipment may not be adequately trained. Most states have no training requirements for tanning operators. This study was designed to assess the medically relevant knowledge of cosmetic tanning salon operators and relate these to demographic variables. METHODS: A written, ...

Army leadership emphasizes training in all segments of its population, including family medicine. Standards for medical professional training, however, are provided by a civilian agency, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). In order to search for performance patterns, the authors reviewed the last two accreditation documents of each ...

A neonatologist must acquire the basic knowledge of a perinatologist through training in a perinatal centre with close obstetric collaboration. As a clinician, he/she must acquire competence in the medical care of critically-ill neonates through 3 years of neonatal experience following general paediatric training. As an administrator, skills are required ...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence, correlates, and mental health consequences of reported medical training-related abuses. DESIGN: A longitudinal cohort study of 137 students surveyed from medical school entrance (time 1) through the winter of the fourth training year (time 4). SETTING: A state college of medicine. OUTCOME MEASURES: Reported training-related ...

The U.S. Army Special Forces Medic, Military Occupational Specialty 18D, is a unique, enlisted, medical asset. The training of the 18D is demanding, lengthy, and selective. The 18D is trained to independently assess, and provide acute and long-term medical care for, a variety of medical conditions in support of the ...

In the fields of health care and medicine there is an immense demand for a systematic application of methods of information processing and for the use of computers. Obviously, to that end well-trained scientists and qualified personnel must be available. With the present recommendations on education and training in medical ...

This study addresses the course of alcohol-related problems in future physicians from the perspectives of occupational stress versus selection and life-span developmental frameworks. A cohort of medical students was surveyed at medical school entrance and during the early fall of the second training year. Self-report questionnaires assessed: alcohol-related problems (using ...

Against a background of problems in delivering rural health care in the Jiujiang district of China, this paper outlines the development of a relevant 3-year SSO (Strengthening the training of clinical skills, Strengthening preventive medicine education, and Optimizing curricular structure) programme at Jiujiang Medical College (JMC). Some comparisons between JMC ...

The importance of art studies in the training of plastic surgeons has not been well recognized. Presently, very few medical schools offer courses on art or include it in the humanities. Because the study of art is a great experience that helps to develop the trained eye, the inclusion of ...

Using case-control methodology, this study compared the characteristics of women who requested medically-trained birth attendants at home with those who did not, in order to identify constraints to service delivery and suggest program changes to increase service utilization in a rural area of Bangladesh. By several different measures, prior contact ...