The objectives of this article are to determine factors associated with refusal and agreement to provide partner information, and evaluate the effectiveness of referral approaches in offering PCRS. Index clients from 5 sites that used 3 different PCRS approaches were interviewed to obtain demographic and risk characteristics and choice of ...

The aim of this study was to determine what patient- and facility-level characteristics drive late specialized rehabilitation among veterans who already received immediate postoperative services. Data were obtained from eight administrative databases for 2,453 patients who underwent lower limb amputation in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers in 2002-2004. A Cox proportional ...

We describe the availability of preventive health services in US emergency departments (EDs), as well as ED directors' preferred service and perceptions of barriers to offering preventive services. Using the 2007 National Emergency Department Inventory (NEDI)-USA, we randomly sampled 350 (7%) of 4,874 EDs. We surveyed directors of these EDs ...

If the health of children is to be improved, systems of care for youth must organize and collaborate around an emphasis toward promotion of health and prevention of mental illness. This approach demands an understanding of the complex interplay of genes, environment, risk, and protective factors that influence the manifestation ...

This article describes results of a process evaluation of a cooperative agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Reproductive Health and 10 regional training centers to increase the number of reproductive health (RH) settings that integrate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention services at an appropriate level ...

Context. Preventive care has been shown as a high-value health care service. Many employers now offer expanded coverage of preventive care to encourage utilization. Objective. To determine whether expanding coverage is an effective means to encourage utilization. Design. Comparison of screening rates before and after introduction of deductible-free coverage. Setting. ...

There is broad debate over whether preventive health services save money or represent a good investment. This paper analyzes the estimated cost of adopting a package of twenty proven preventive services--including tobacco cessation screening, alcohol abuse screening, and daily aspirin use--against the estimated savings that could be generated. We find ...

To assess the role of having a primary care provider (PCP) in men's up-to-date receipt of recommended preventive services (colonoscopy, pneumococcal and seasonal influenza vaccination, cholesterol and blood pressure screenings), data from the 2005 and 2006 New York City Community Health Surveys (N = 3,728 [2006], 2,810 [2005]) were analyzed. ...

Analysis of outcome measures from nonrandomized, observational studies of people participating or not participating in health programs may be suspect because of selection bias. For example, fitness programs may preferentially enroll people who are already committed to healthy lifestyles, including use of preventive services. Some of our earlier studies have ...

There has been long-standing concern about the delivery of preventive and screening services to patients with mental illness. We aimed to examine whether the quality of preventive care received by patients with mental health conditions differs from that received by individuals who have no comparable mental disorder. Our hypothesis was ...

The Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services strives to provide the best possible care for Oklahoma communities through preventative programs and approaches such as QPR, Mental Health First Aid and mental health screenings. All of these techniques have been proven in providing adequate knowledge of risk factors in ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of adding the Forever Free relapse prevention materials to telephone counseling provided by the Arkansas quitline. Results suggest that the addition of Forever Free materials to telephone counseling does not improve quit rates for those participants who receive at least ...

The primary purpose of this Open Forum is to alert the psychiatric community to a recently published policy paper by the National Association of State Mental Health Program Directors (NASMHPD), Obesity Reduction and Prevention Strategies for Individuals With Serious Mental Illness. The report was developed through a comprehensive review of ...

BACKGROUND: Healthcare reform plans refer to improved quality, but there is little quantification of potential health benefits of quality care. PURPOSE: This paper aims to estimate the health benefits by greater use of clinical preventive services. METHODS: Two mathematical models were developed to estimate the number of deaths potentially prevented ...

This case study examines the translation of evidence on the effectiveness of laws to reduce the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of drivers into policy. It was reconstructed through discussions among individuals involved in the processes as well as a review of documentation and feedback on oral presentations. The Centers for ...

PURPOSE: For clinicians, using opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) often gives rise to a conflict between treating their patients' pain and fears of addiction, diversion of medication, or legal action. Consequent stresses on clinical encounters might adversely affect some elements of clinical care. We evaluated a possible association ...

OBJECTIVE: The Portland [Maine] Identification and Early Referral (PIER) program was established in 2000 as a prevention system for identifying and treating youths at high risk of an initial psychotic episode. METHODS: During six years, 7,270 professionals from the educational, medical, and mental health sectors were provided information on prodromal ...

BACKGROUND: To compare the effect of two modes of delivering a falls prevention service in reducing the rate of falls and improving quality of life, activity levels, and physical status among older adults with a history of recent falls. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with a total of ...

Members of the public know about actions they can take to prevent major physical diseases, but there has been less attention to the public's capacity to take action to prevent mental disorders. Since mental disorders often have first onset during youth, young people's beliefs about prevention are of particular relevance. ...

Failure by individual service members and units to implement preventive measures to mitigate environmental health threats have always resulted in reduced efficiency of the Warfighter, with the attendant reduction in combat capability. This article describes observations at 2 sites in northern Iraq from July 2007 to September 2009 of deficiencies ...

Although obese individuals utilize health care at higher rates than their normal weight counterparts, they may be less likely to receive certain preventive services. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of veterans with visits to 136 national Veterans Affairs (VA) outpatient clinics in the United States in the year 2000. ...

Limited research exists examining the principles of the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) and improved outcomes. We examined whether PCMH principles (personal physician, physician-directed team, whole-person orientation, coordination of care, quality and safety, and enhanced access) are associated with receipt of preventive services. We undertook cross-sectional analyses using baseline patient and ...

Violence control and prevention have traditionally been led by criminal justice services. During the last decade, tackling violence has become a multi-agency effort supported by government and regulated according to new legislation, reflecting recognition that health services and local government can contribute uniquely to this.

OBJECTIVE: Risk management in mental health focuses on risks in patients and fails to predict rare but catastrophic events such as suicide. Commercial aviation has a similar task in preventing rare but catastrophic accidents. This article describes the systems in place in commercial aviation that allows that industry to prevent ...

The three French territories in the Pacific (New Caledonia [NC], French Polynesia [FP] and Wallis and Futuna [WF]) have been affected by an outbreak of influenza A(H1N1)2009 during the austral winter of 2009. This wave of influenza-like illness was characterized by a short duration (approximately 8 weeks) and high attack ...

In the United States about 17% of adolescents meet diagnostic criteria for mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. Six million young people receive treatment services annually for mental, emotional, or behavioral problems. These problems affect 1 in 5 families and cost $247 million annually (O'Connell, Boat, & Warner, 2009). Some strategies ...

BACKGROUND: Psychotic disorders are a serious mental health problem. Intervention before the onset of psychosis might result in delaying the onset, reducing the impact or even preventing the first episode of psychosis. This study explores the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in targeting cognitive biases that are involved in ...

Cancer and infections are leading causes of mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) after diseases of the circulatory system, and therefore preventing these complications is important. In this study, we examined two categories of preventive services in SLE: cancer surveillance (cervical, breast, and colon) and immunizations (influenza and pneumococcal). We ...

It is assumed that providing clinical preventive services to patients can identify or detect early important causes of adult mortality. The aim of this study was to quantify access to preventive services in Southern Italy and to assess whether and how the provision of preventive care was influenced by any ...

BACKGROUND: Although indicated prevention of depression is available for about 80% of the Dutch population at little or no cost, only a small proportion of those with subthreshold depression make use of these services. METHODS: A narrative review is conducted of the Dutch preventive services in mental health care, also ...

BACKGROUND: UK NHS Stop Smoking Services provide cost effective smoking cessation interventions but, as yet, there has been no assessment of their provision of relapse prevention interventions. METHODS: Electronic questionnaire survey of 185 UK Stop Smoking Services Managers. RESULTS: Ninety six Stop Smoking Service managers returned completed questionnaires (52% response ...

OBJECTIVE: We tested the impact of the Fast Track conduct disorder prevention program on the use of pediatric, general health, and mental health services in adolescence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants were 891 public kindergarten boys and girls screened from a population of 9594 children and found to be at risk ...

PURPOSE: Several studies have documented a deficiency in the delivery of preventive services to adolescents during physician visits in the United States. This study sought to assess and compare pediatric, family medicine (FM), and obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) resident perceptions of their responsibility, training, and experience with providing comprehensive health ...

CONTEXT: Most of the many clinical preventive services (CPS) recommended for adolescents by various national organizations lack good evidence of effectiveness. Improving adolescent preventive care will require focusing on those CPS for which there is such evidence and on developing better delivery strategies. The objective of the current study was ...

OBJECTIVE: To examine not only the relationship between the utilization of preventive health care services and inpatient services, but to also investigate the factors affecting the utilization of such services by the middle-aged and elderly. METHOD: We use data obtained from the 2003 Survey of Health and Living Status of ...

Morbidity and mortality due to malaria largely affects the tribal population in malaria endemic areas who are having poor knowledge regarding the disease. A community based cross sectional study was carried out among 150 tribal respondents in a tribal area of Kamrup, Assam with the objective to find out the ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The present review focuses on forensic psychiatric aspects of new developments in preventive detention in Germany. RECENT FINDINGS: After a short introduction to the history of preventive detention in Germany and its enacting in 1933, a survey is given about both main pathways in German penal code, ...

Objective.The goals of this article are to assess the level of preventive service utilization by older persons in Costa Rica and to determine whether there are differentials in utilization across socioeconomic status (SES) and institutional characteristics. Method. Using data from the Costa Rican Study on Longevity and Healthy Aging (CRELES) ...

PURPOSE: To describe the work of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and to encourage nurse practitioners (NPs) to use its evidence-based recommendations for clinical preventive services. SOURCES: Evidence reports, recommendation statements, and journal articles published under the auspices of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force since its establishment in ...

OBJECTIVE: To identify and compare the minimum number of clients that a multidisciplinary falls prevention service delivered through domiciliary or centre-based care needs to treat to allow the service to reach a 'break-even' point. METHOD: A break-even analysis was undertaken for each of two models of care for a multidisciplinary ...

Unprecedented numbers of contractors are used throughout the Iraq theater of operations to alleviate military manpower shortages. At virtually every major forward operating base, US-based contractors perform the preponderance of essential life support services. At more remote sites, local national contractors are increasingly relied upon to maintain chemical latrines, remove ...

The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of hospital clinics with and without adjunct mobile services for the delivery of secondary prevention for caries in Thai schoolchildren. A dental survey was conducted in schools served by different dental services. 711 schoolchildren were selected from primary schools ...

OBJECTIVES: Timely preventive healthcare services are important to troop readiness and the health of Military Health System (MHS) beneficiaries. Prior studies have reported on use of preventive care among select MHS subgroups, but broader performance is undocumented. This study addresses that gap by comparing TRICARE Prime beneficiaries to select U.S. ...

In this paper, we review the basis of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force's recommendations related to routine screening for intimate partner violence (IPV), focus on two of the arguments of those who have rejected these recommendations, and based on these, suggest that this controversy has occurred, in part, as ...

Setting priorities on the basis of factors such as health impact and economic value is the key first step to ensure that the most important services receive the most attention. Few prioritization efforts have been published that produce either rankings or information that can guide decision making. We propose a ...

The primary objective of the study was to determine emergency medical services (EMS) professionals' opinions regarding participation in disease and injury prevention programs. A secondary objective was to determine the proportion of EMS professionals who had participated in disease prevention programs. As part of the National Registry of Emergency Medical ...

Evaluated were effects of a drug abuse(1) prevention program, previously shown to prevent marijuana use in adolescence, on adulthood mental health service use. Analyses were conducted on 961 6th (41%) and 7th (59%) grade participants randomly assigned to intervention or control groups at baseline in 1984. These participants were followed-up ...

Timely vaccinations decrease a child's risk of contracting vaccine-preventable disease and prevent disease outbreaks. Childhood immunization schedules may represent the only clinical guideline for which there is official national consensus. So an immunization clinical decision support system (CDSS) is a natural application. However, immunization schedules are complex and change frequently. ...

OBJECTIVE: This paper responds to a gap in knowledge about the conceptualization of integration in community-based AIDS organizations (CBAOs). METHODS: A community-based process evaluation was conducted of a national intervention, developed by the Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange (CATIE), to enhance treatment information provision in CBAOs and encourage its integration ...

BACKGROUND: NHS Stop Smoking Services in the UK provide cost effective smoking cessation interventions, but approximately 75% of smokers who are abstinent at 4 weeks relapse to smoking by 12 months. This study aimed to explore health professionals' understanding of relapse prevention interventions (RPIs), the feasibility of offering such support ...