Surfactant in the alveolar space can be separated into heavy and light subtypes by differential centrifugation or on isopyknic sucrose density gradients. The conversion from heavy subtypes to light subtypes occurs in vitro by surface-area cycling. However, the function of light subtypes made by cycling and substances that might influence ...

Wireless LANs are a relatively new form of network whose popularity is growing rapidly. Although they probably will not completely replace wired networks, wireless LANs can fill several important niches in network applications. In this article, we looked at rationales for wireless LANs, discussed several broad categories of wireless applications, ...

Myosin II is an important motor in the contraction of smooth and striated muscle as well as in a variety of non-muscle cell motile events including cytokinesis, cortical contractions during migration of fibroblasts, and capping of receptors. Phosphorylation of the 20-kDa light chain by myosin light chain kinase is part ...

The deposition of certain Bence Jones proteins as tubular casts, basement membrane precipitates, or amyloid fibrils results in the human light-chain-associated renal and systemic diseases--myeloma (cast) nephropathy, light-chain deposition disease, and immunocyte-derived (primary or AL) amyloidosis. To determine if light-chain nephrotoxicity or amyloidogenicity is related to the propensity of these ...

An immunohistochemical study was made to investigate the topographic distribution of calbindin D-28k in relation to the associative and sensorimotor cortical territories in the macaque striatum. An intense calbindin-staining was found in the caudate nucleus and ventromedial putamen, i.e., in the associative striatum. In contrast, only a weak immunoreaction was ...

The aye-aye shows numerous special features in its postcranial skeleton, partly in association with its unusual feeding habits and partly in association with locomotor specialisation connected with the possession of claws. This study examined the positional behaviour of 3 captive adult aye-ayes in order to throw light on these morphological ...

Monoclonal immunoglobulins and free immunoglobulin light chains are produced by plasma cells as a result of their clonal expansion in plasma cell dyscrasia. These proteins are pivotal in the development of pathologic and clinical symptoms of plasma cell dyscrasia and renal manifestations are frequently the presenting and leading features of ...

The acellular slime mold Physarum polycephalum is used as a model system to investigate the graviresponse of single cells which possess no receptors specialized for the perception of gravity. To obtain insights into the gravity-signal transduction mechanism the light response of the cell is used: Macroplasmodia of the slime mold ...

The potential of immunoglobulin-free light chain detection and measurement in biological fluids, and particularly in urine, has not yet been fully explored in clinical medicine, because of differences in sensitivity and lack of standardization of both quantitative assays and qualitative analysis. The ability to identify monoclonal free light chain, i.e., ...

The carbohydrate chains on the light chains of human monoclonal antibody HB4C5 reactive to human lung adenocarcinoma tissue have been characterized. The HB4C5 antibody consists of two kinds of light chains (30 kDa and 32 kDa). Each chain has different carbohydrates of varying molecular masses linked to the variable regions. ...

A novel technique for the noninvasive measurement of tissue optical properties simultaneously at all visible and near-infrared wavelengths is presented. The technique is based on the time-resolved detection of multicolor diffusely scattered light. Short pulses of white light are produced by using self-phase modulation by focusing the light from a ...

A library derived from mRNA in the bacterial light organ of the squid, Euprymna scolopes, contained an unexpectedly high proportion of cDNAs that encode proteins with approximately 30% similarity to a family of mammalian peroxidases (PO) including myelo-PO, eosinophil PO, and thyroid PO (donor:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase; EC 1.11.1.7). Two nearly full-length ...

In muscle each myosin head contains a regulatory light chain (LC2) that is wrapped around the head/rod junction, and an alkali light chain that is distal to LC2 (ref. 1). The role of these light chains in vertebrate skeletal muscle myosin has remained obscure. Here we prepare heavy chains that ...

We present a case in which kappa free light chains caused difficulty in interpreting classical urinary immunoelectrophoresis, but immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) demonstrated the presence of a lambda-Bence Jones protein. Analysis of the urine by Ouchterlony double diffusion and IFE after gel-filtration chromatography showed that the difficulty was caused by the ...

The contribution of rigid-body motions to the atomic trajectories in a 100 ps molecular dynamics simulation of deoxymyoglobin is examined. Two types of rigid-body motions are considered: one in which the helices are rigid units and one in which the side-chains are rigid units. Using a quaternion-based algorithm, fits of ...

Alcohol research has demonstrated that expectancies about what one has consumed may supercede pharmacological effects of the drink. The present study sought to expand the scope of the placebo designs by examining an alternative manipulation, using widely available nonalcoholic beverages. The nonalcoholic beers used in this study have recently become ...

In dye-sensitized polymerization, some paradoxical phenomena have been found, such as an anomalous decrease of reaction rate with decrementing thicknesses of the gelling layers. By mathematical modelling, and experimental verification, it has been found that high incorporation efficiencies (> 95% conversion of monomers into the growing polymer) can only be ...

An automated electrophoretic method to measure glycated hemoglobin (Hb A1) was compared with manual affinity methods. Good correlation between methods was found. The electrophoretic method showed good run-to-run precision, good linearity, was free from interference by the labile aldimine fraction, and required less time and considerably less consumable expense than ...

David P. Mindell assumes that incorporation of the holobionts (evolutionarily stable symbiotic complexes) and hybrids into phylogenetic trees necessarily distorts the hierarchical structure of cladistic classification, and must lead to reformulation of some basic cladistic concepts (BioSystems, 27, 53-62, 1992). He does not regard the Eukarya and Eubacteria as monophyletic ...

This study delineated two subgroups of highly hypnotizable subjects. The first (n = 19) entered trance rapidly, scored high on absorption, and described hypnosis as much like their rich and vivid waking fantasy life. The second subgroup of 15 took time to achieve a deep trance, saw hypnosis as very ...

The steady acoustic streaming generated around straight and precurved oscillating ultrasonic files driven by the Piezon-Master 400 unit was examined in the free field and in small channels using a stereomicroscope. In addition, the effect of file-wall contact on streaming production was also investigated. The results indicated that the ultrasonic ...

The di-thiol reagent, 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) is shown to induce disulfide bond formation between Mercenaria regulatory light-chain Cys-55 sites on either head of scallop hybrid myosin. This indicates that these two sites on opposite heads of myosin can come within 2A of each other and this confirms a prediction based ...

We examined the isoforms of myosin light chain 1 in the human left ventricles using pyrophosphate and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, peptide mapping, and immunoblotting with monoclonal antibodies against human atrial light chain 1. The relationship between hemodynamic parameters and light chain 1 isoform composition was compared among ...

In this article, we quantify a clinical observation that non-Ashkenazi Jews having a half-mustache on the lower part of their upper lip have a high frequency of peptic ulcer and dyspepsia. The prevalence rate for peptic ulcer and dyspepsia was 33.6% and 44.9%, respectively, in the study group, compared with ...

Preliminary observations have indicated that both heavy and light chains of monoclonal immunoglobulin exhibit diagnostically useful microheterogeneity patterns when examined with high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and silver staining (Clin Chem 1990; 36: 993). The present study is a survey of the distribution and types of monoclonal light chain isoforms ...

We have investigated the hydrodynamic properties of turkey gizzard smooth muscle myosin in solution using quasi-elastic light scattering (QELS). The effects of ionic strength (0.05-0.5 M KCl) and light chain phosphorylation on the conformational transition of myosin were examined in the presence of ATP at 20 degrees C. Cumulant analysis ...

The purpose of this study was to determine the quantitative relationship between the number of myosin molecules that increase their ATPase activity and the degree of myosin light chain phosphorylation in smooth muscle. Single turnover experiments on the nucleotide bound to myosin were performed in the permeabilized rabbit portal vein. ...

A 19-month-old boy with AIDS developed clinically unexplainable proteinuria. Biopsied renal tissue was examined by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence. Findings included an increase of mesangial matrix with occasional nodular sclerosis, mesangial hypercellularity, and glomerular deposits of kappa and lambda light chains. There were deposits of kappa, but ...

Here we show that not only transport defective but all immunoglobulin light chains interact with BiP. Association of BiP with its ligand takes place during or shortly after translation of the light chains. The biological half life of the BiP-light chain complex depends on the fate of the light chains. ...

The objectives of this grant were to determine the basis of control of growth of bacterial light organ symbionts and the mechanisms of control of bacterial bioluminescence During the eight month duration of this grant we have initiated, but not completed, the above studies, and brought to completion additional efforts ...

Methods for the estimation of the free light chains of immunoglobulins in serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid are divided into two groups, electrophoretic and immunological, and the analytical performance of each method described. The problems associated with the accurate and precise determination of free light chains by the different methods ...

Three modified procedures for the separation of cardiac myosin light chains are carefully compared. Ion-exchange chromatography gives a purified cardiac myosin light chain 1, whereas light chain 2 is always contaminated by light chain 1. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography gives the best resolution of these light chains and needs only ...

Immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes are somatically rearranged by site-specific recombination. Recombination signal sequences (RSS) have been identified as the major targeting element of this process. Recent reports demonstrate that differences in RSS affect the frequency of recombination, suggesting a role for RSS in the development of the B-cell repertoire. ...

The amino acid structure of regulatory light chain which is essential to express the phosphorylation-mediated regulation of smooth muscle actomyosin ATPase was studied. Regulatory light chain of smooth muscle heavy meromyosin (HMM) was truncated by either lysylendopeptidase or trypsin. Lysylendopeptidase cleaved the regulatory light chain initially at the C-terminal side ...

We have investigated in bovine left ventricular coronary arteries the relation between the biochemical regulatory event of myosin light chain phosphorylation and the mechanical events of isometric stress and isotonic shortening, under conditions of stimulation by depolarization (65 mM KCl) or receptor occupancy (2 microM 5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]). At rest, levels ...

The 20,000-dalton light chain of smooth muscle myosin was exchanged with exogenous light chain in a solution containing 0.5 M NaCl and 10 mM EDTA at 40 degrees C. The light chain was almost completely exchanged within 30 min under the above conditions. The exchange was markedly inhibited either below ...

I previously reported the occurrence of a pattern of multiple, equally spaced, low-concentration light chain bands in urine in immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) studies (Clin Chem 1990;36:1526-7). Although the pattern varies somewhat among patients with regard to the number of bands, light chain type, and concentration, it is relatively invariant with ...

This paper describes evidence for hydrolysis of a neuropeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), by light chains purified from the IgG of a human subject positive for VIP binding antibodies. Purified IgG was digested with papain, resultant fragment antigen binding (Fab) fragments were reduced with 2-mercaptoethanol and alkylated with iodoacetamide, and ...

Intact bovine brain clathrin triskelia, comprising three heavy and three light chains, require either 2 mM calcium or the assistance of protein co-factors for efficient assembly into regular cage structures (Keen, J. H., Willingham, M. C., and Pastan, I. (1979) Cell 16, 303-312). In contrast light chain-free heavy chains assemble ...

Microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B), an abundant developmentally regulated neuronal protein, is a stoichiometric complex of a heavy chain and two light chains (light chain 1 and light chain 3). We find that light chain 1 is encoded within the 3' end of a previously reported MAP1B heavy chain cDNA. Amino ...

The techniques of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and cross-linking can provide complementary information concerning the relative separation of a pair of sites. Cross-linking experiments provide an assessment of the distance of closest approach between a pair of sites. FRET measurements, by contrast, yield information about the average distance between ...

Thermal treatment of squid myosin subfragment-1 (S-1) in the presence of EDTA results in a rapid inactivation of ATPase, a marked turbidity increase, and a dissociation of light chains. These effects were suppressed by addition of calcium ion. Different light chain binding in EDTA-medium from that in Ca-medium was demonstrated ...

Light and heavy lysosomes of mouse forebrain were separated from each other by centrifugation on a Percoll gradient. Light lysosomes were then freed from mitochondria and membranes by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and further purified by floatation-centrifugation on a sucrose gradient. The final preparations of light and heavy lysosomes, fairly ...

Resonance energy transfer measurements have been made on hybrid myosins in order to map distances between sites on the regulatory light chain, heavy chain, and actin as well as to assess potential conformational changes of functional importance. Using scallop (Aequipecten) myosin hybrid molecules possessing clam (Mercenaria) regulatory light chains, we ...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the genital anatomy of female newborns. Hymenal configuration and the number and location of clefts, bumps, tags, and ridges were observed in 468 neonates; photographs for confirmation were obtained for 449 neonates (96%). Hymenal configurations observed included an annular hymen with a central or ...

We studied the intrathecal synthesis of free kappa, free lambda immunoglobulin light chains and of IgM in 33 consecutive patients with possible or probable MS at the time of their first diagnosis. Nineteen patients presented free kappa or lambda light chain bands in CSF after agarose isoelectric focusing, protein transfer ...

Ninety-six college students, 18-20 years of age, were selected from three drinking categories (abstain-light, moderate, and heavy) based on their self-reported drinking habits. Subjects rated the relative importance of three driving components (attention, control/maneuvering, and emergency responses) for safe driving and the impairment each component and overall driving ability would ...

A 29-year-old man had oedema, proteinuria in nephrotic range, haematuria and cardiac arrhythmia (second grade atrioventricular block). The pathologic findings of kidney biopsy showed in light microscopy diffuse mesangial matrix increase with mild mesangial proliferation and variable thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. IgG, c3 and c1q were intensely fluorescent ...

Examination of the tracheal supply to the ovaries in insects selected from nine orders shows that the main tracheae are always of the aeriferous type: characterized by a coating of spiral tubules with permeable cuticle which bring the tracheal air into close contact with the haemolymph. The structure of these ...

This paper addresses a practical problem associated with the use of visual detection systems used in immunoblotting. Western blot analyses from the same experiment, differing only at the level of the secondary antibody used and the means of visualization employed, have produced apparently different results which, in isolation, could lead ...