A distinct vasomotor and cardioregulatory response first identified experimentally was elicited intraoperatively in a 6-year-old girl by local mechanical stimulation in the vicinity of the fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum. These findings are discussed in the light of current experimental knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the fastigial pressor ...

Immunohistologic studies have shown that synthesis of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (cIg) is a normal function of some follicle centre cells (FCCs). The mechanisms regulating this synthesis of immunoglobulin and its function within the germinal centre are still poorly understood. In this study we applied a recently developed in situ hybridization method ...

Abalone myosin contains two kinds of light chain, regulatory light chain (LC2) and essential light chain (LC1) according to SDS-PAGE. Three distinct light chain bands were observed on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified abalone myosin in the presence of urea (urea-PAGE). The slower two components showed had mobility on SDS-PAGE ...

The structure and physiologic role of clathrin light chain has been explored by purification of the protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, molecular cloning of the gene, and disruption of the chromosomal locus. The single light chain protein from yeast shares many physical properties with the mammalian light chains, in spite of ...

Tracheal smooth muscle precontracted with carbachol relaxes upon the addition of 3 microM okadaic acid. Although cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations decrease, myosin light chain remains highly phosphorylated (50%). In smooth muscle treated with carbachol alone or carbachol plus okadaic acid 32P is incorporated into a single peptide on myosin light chain ...

Immunoglobulin light chains are usually secreted from cells when they are synthesized alone or in molar excess of heavy chains, but, there have been reports of nonsecreted light chains. We wished to determine whether immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP), which blocks the transport of free heavy chains, might be ...

Twitch tension and phosphate incorporation into the phosphorylatable light chains (P-light chains) of myosin were studied during a 10-min recovery period following a 10- or 60-s maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) in 18 subjects. Analysis of muscle biopsy samples obtained before, immediately after, 1 min, and 10 min following the ...

The influence of myosin light chain phosphorylation (treatment with myosin light chain kinase = MLCK, calmodulin and ATP) and thiophosphorylation (incubation with MLCK, calmodulin and ATP gamma S) on the maximal shortening velocity (Vmax) and Ca2+ sensitivity of chemically-skinned ventricular fibers from the pig has been studied. Vmax was determined ...

Isometric force developed by skinned gizzard muscle fiber bundles and levels of phosphorylation and thiophosphorylation of the 20,000-dalton myosin light chain were determined. These data showed a highly non-linear relationship between isometric force and myosin light-chain phosphorylation. Maximum force was developed at approximately 0.2 mol of phosphate/mol of light chain ...

Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition occurs in tissues as Congo Red binding fibrils in light chain amyloidosis, as less structured deposits in light chain deposition disease, and as similar but distinct deposits in light and heavy chain deposition disease. The nonamyloid forms were found in 13 patients who had evidence of plasmacytic ...

The principle of recording vectorcardiographic loops with a microdot thermal printer is developed using a very small memory area. It is based on two previous achievements: (i) orthogonal electocardiogram derivation from the conventional 12-lead system and (ii) recoding of biomedical signals with a microdot thermal printer, thus permitting the VCG ...

The ability to predict the amyloidogenicity of certain light chains may facilitate an earlier diagnosis of AL amyloidosis and, possibly, lead to more effective treatment. Using current methods, available in clinical chemistry laboratories, we assessed the class, the relative molecular mass (Mr) and the isoelectric point of urinary monoclonal light ...

1. Myosins were prepared from the ordinary muscle of 16 fish species as well as from rabbit fast muscle, and light chain subunits [alkali light chains A1, A2 and DTNB (5,5'-dithio-bis-2-nitrobenzoate) light chain] were separated on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in combination with isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. ...

1. Fast skeletal myosin subfragment 1 (S1) was separated into two isozymes, S1(A1) and S1(A2), based on the associated alkali light chain, and their thermostabilities were compared. 2. Inactivation rate constants of Ca2(+)-ATPase (at 30 and 35 degrees C) were higher and heat-induced turbidity increase at 340 nm (at 40 ...

The organization of the cytoskeleton at the equator of chicken intrafusal fibers was examined with immunofluorescence light microscopy, using monoclonal antibodies against myosin heavy chains, desmin, actin and tropomyosin. Actin was localized in the cytosol and in equatorial nuclei, while myosin heavy chains, desmin and tropomyosin were only observed in ...

A 35-year-old black male with the abrupt onset of blurred vision and decreased visual acuity was found to have severe retinal vasculopathy associated with systemic light chain deposition disease. While ocular manifestations are frequently reported in other plasma cell dyscrasias; ophthalmologic symptoms have not been previously reported in systemic light ...

Myosin light chain phosphorylation in permeable skeletal muscle fibers increases isometric force and the rate of force production at submaximal levels of calcium activation; myosin light chain phosphorylation may underlie the increased rate and extent of force production associated with isometric twitch potentiation in intact fibers. To understand the mechanism ...

The immunoglobulin light chain patterns were studied in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from 30 controls, 70 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, 18 subjects with other inflammatory neurological diseases and 17 patients with other non-inflammatory neurological disorders. In MS, all CSF samples examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis exhibited clonally ...

Community-referenced activities involve skill clusters that may be extended over time and/or intertwined with collateral skills. Such multiplex response chains differ in numerous ways from the discrete responses shaped in repetitive trial instruction. Specifically, community living response chains are characterized by the length of the chain, the response classes contained ...

The two classes of light chains in vertebrate fast muscle myosin have been selectively labeled with the thiol specific reagent 5-(iodoacetamido) fluorescein to determine their location in the myosin head. The alkali light chains (A1 and A2) were labeled at a single cysteine residue near the COOH terminus, whereas the ...

Heterogeneity in colony size of the murine pathogen Mycoplasma pulmonis was examined. Subcloning experiments showed that colony size variation resulted from high-frequency genetic changes. About 3% of the colonies from any given subclone were variants, with as much as a fourfold change in colony diameter. When the variants were propagated ...

Kappa and lambda-immunoglobulin light chains were measured to evaluate their usefulness for identifying monoclonal components in serum. Reference concentrations of the Ig light chains were evaluated by the analysis of the serum of 50 blood donors. Two hundred and fifty patients were selected for the presence of an M-component in ...

Contact allergy to topical corticosteroids occurs more frequently than previously supposed. Cross-allergic phenomena are common. On the basis of a review of the literature and our own patch test data on 15 patients, we conclude that positive patchtests to corticosteroids occur approximately six to seven times more frequently in well-defined ...

Evidence is provided that during invertebrate development synapses undergo a period of refinement during which there are changes in synaptic connectivity and specific synaptic properties. It appears that extrinsic cues such as competition and neural activity are involved in guiding these synaptic changes in invertebrates. Comparisons are made with findings ...

The effects of botulinum neurotoxins or their light and heavy chain subunits were investigated in digitonin-permeabilized adrenal chromaffin cells. Because these cells are permeable to proteins, the toxin had direct access to the cell interior. Botulinum type A neurotoxin and its light chain subunit inhibited Ca2+-dependent catecholamine secretion in a ...

The effects of isoproterenol on isometric force, unloaded shortening velocity, and myosin phosphorylation were examined in thin muscle bundles (0.1-0.2 mm diam) dissected from lamb tracheal smooth muscle. Methacholine (10(-6) M) induced rapid increases in isometric force and in phosphorylation of the 20,000-Da myosin light chain. Myosin phosphorylation remained elevated ...

We describe a 73-year-old man with peripheral neuropathy and light chain lambda-type myeloma. A sural nerve biopsy showed the typical neuropathological picture of amyloid neuropathy. With the present case we first demonstrate amyloid deposits in peripheral nerves during light chain multiple myeloma and stress the importance of amyloidosis in the ...

The distributions of native myosin isoforms were examined by electrophoresis under non-dissociating conditions, in the fast twitch dorsal skeletal muscle of young larvae, neotenic adults and metamorphosed adults of urodelan amphibians. Both heavy and light chains of myosin isoenzymes were analysed. In pyrophosphate acrylamide gel electrophoresis three isoenzymes were demonstrated ...

The authors biochemically analyzed the nonamyloidotic light chain deposits, the first studied in this way, from a patient with systemic kappa light chain deposition disease (LCDD). The light chain deposits from myocardium were extracted in 6 M guanidine-HCl under reducing conditions, partially purified by column chromatography, and analyzed by immunoblotting ...

The reduction in porosity of a powder bed on compression was found to be a function of the velocity of the punch of the press. Substances which consolidated principally by fragmentation showed relatively little velocity dependence. However, the more important deformation was in a powder's consolidation mechanism, the greater the ...

The TruVision Omni is a progressive addition lens (PAL) using a bipolar design and the Dirichlet principle to minimize optical aberrations. The design was evaluated by having each patient elect to keep one lens type after masked paired comparison of the TruVision Omni with one of four other PAL types: ...

The effect of prohibiting the use of a preshot routine on free-throw shooting in competitive situations was investigated. 25 male high school basketball players were instructed to attempt 50 free throws alternating in blocks of 10 between the use of their preshot routine and shooting without it. To make the ...

1. Myosin light chains of guinea-pig striated muscles have been screened by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and compared to rat myosin light chains. 2. The fast type light chains 1F and 3F, slow type light chains 1S and 2S, and embryonic type light chain 1E are shown to differ in the ...

A 77-year-old man presented with macroscopic haematuria and oligo-anuric renal failure. A renal biopsy showed moderate linear glomerular basement membrane (GBM) staining with lambda light chains alone, but both circulating IgG and lambda light chain activity were present. There was no evidence of a serum or urinary paraprotein and a ...

1. A comparison of myosins from defined areas of the bovine atrial myocardium was performed by measuring Ca2+-ATPase activity and electrophoretic separation of myosin light chains. 2. Some areas of atrial myocardium contained myosin with slightly higher ATPase activity than others. 3. There were also clear differences in the amount ...

A measuring apparatus was developed; its probe tip, which exhibits flat frequency characteristics, enables this apparatus to measure the absolute sound pressure and absolute phase variations versus both sweeping frequency and external auditory canal pressure. Although it is difficult to diagnose ossicular chain separation and fixation from the commonly used ...

Purified smooth muscle myosin light chain can be phosphorylated at multiple sites by myosin light chain kinase and protein kinase C. We have determined the sites phosphorylated on myosin light chain in intact bovine tracheal smooth muscle. Stimulation with 10 microM carbachol resulted in 66 +/- 5% monophosphorylated and 11 ...

A hydrophobic region was detected on several types of myosin light chain by enhancement of the quantum yield of 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) fluorescence. The character of this non-polar region was altered by the binding of Ca2+ or Mg2+ to the light chain, the quantum yield of the ANS being increased, and ...

Peripheral polyneuropathy, a rare complication of multiple myeloma, is generally associated with heavy-chain M-proteins and, in very rare instances, with free light-chain myeloma proteins. Here we describe a case of multiple myeloma and polyneuropathy with both monoclonal IgG and free lambda light chains in the blood. The patient also had ...

Light chain phosphorylation causes the folded monomeric form of myosin to extend and assemble into filaments. This observation established the involvement of the 20-kDa regulatory light chain (LC20) in conformational transitions of smooth muscle myosin. To further assess the role of this subunit in the intramolecular folding of myosin, LC20 ...

Tongue biopsies of 30 diagnosed cases of multiple myeloma were examined light and electron microscopically and amyloid deposits were identified in 8 patients. Immunochemical typing of amyloid in kappa and lambda subtypes was performed successfully although positive staining of tissue-associated immunoglobulin light chains made reliable identification of amyloid with this ...

Using automated assays of IgG, IgA, and IgM, and kappa (kappa) and lambda (lambda) light-chains, we assessed the analytical, intra-individual, and interindividual components of variation in a cohort of 12 apparently healthy subjects to examine the utility of the Kallestad Immunochemical Evaluation system. The immunoglobulins and light-chains had small intra-individual ...

31P and 1H n.m.r. studies of the phosphorylatable light chains from rabbit fast skeletal and chicken gizzard muscles in the isolated state and in the intact myosin molecule indicate that the N-terminal region of the light chain containing the sites of phosphorylation has independent segmental flexibility. The ionization behaviour of ...

The influence of parotid saliva on the colloid stability of suspensions of Streptococcus sanguis and S. salivarius was studied in groups of previously identified 'heavy' and 'light' plaque formers. For S. sanguis it was observed that addition of parotid saliva from light plaque formers had more pronounced negative influence on ...

We report the case of a female patient suffering from Waldenström's macroglobulinemia with three different liver lesions: peliosis hepatis, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, and light-chain deposits within the sinusoidal walls. We hypothesize that both peliosis hepatis and nodular regenerative hyperplasia might be the consequence of a disordered intrahepatic circulation determined by ...

The procedure of W. T. Perrie and S. V. Perry (1970, Biochem. J. 119, 31-38) has been improved and extended to allow a convenient large-scale isolation of the 20,000-Da light chain of vertebrate smooth muscle myosin. The method utilizes as source material tropomyosin-free actomyosin or myosin. The relatively pure light ...

Carbocysteine is prescribed for conditions characterized by the accumulation of excessive mucus. Although often described as a mucolytic, its function is probably that of mucoregulation, which results in physical changes in accumulated secretions that are favorable in terms of clearance. The chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical applications, and toxicology of carbocysteine ...

Thirty noses were examined macroscopically and histologically to determine the fibromuscular and aponeurotic layers. There are five soft-tissue components beneath the dermis: a superficial fatty panniculus, a fibromuscular layer, a deep fatty layer, a longitudinal fibrous sheet, and an interdomal ligament. The nose is covered by a nasal SMAS, which ...

1. To examine the effect of charge and molecular size on the renal handling of immunoglobulin light chain, three different human light chains were purified, iodinated and characterized with regard to molecular weight and isoelectric point. The molecular weights were similar, whereas the isoelectric points ranged from markedly cationic to ...

A numerical study of the motion of a long-chain macromolecule in a gel has shown unexpected features. The application of a field appears to induce the chain to contract on itself. This is followed by its "unwinding" into an extended configuration. For long chains, the mobility tends toward a constant, ...