Objectives. We investigated systematic barriers, identified by previous research, that prevent women from obtaining Medicaid coverage for an abortion even when it should legally be available: when the pregnancy resulted from rape or incest or threatens the mother's life. We also aimed to document strategies to improve access to federal ...

OBJECTIVE:: Effectiveness of periodic spirometry in medical monitoring depends on spirometry quality. We describe an intervention on spirometry quality and its impact on accuracy and precision of longitudinal measurements. METHODS:: The intervention was conducted from 2005 to 2010 in a monitoring program involving approximately 2500 firefighters. Intervention supported adherence to ...

Poul Erik Andersen is a Professor and Interventional Radiologist at the University of Southern Denmark, Odense and Odense University Hospital, Denmark. His innovative and expertise is primarily in vascular interventions where he has introduced and developed many procedures at Odense University Hospital. His significant experience and extensive scientific work has ...

The Angioplasty Summit TCTAP is an international conference held annually at the end of April in Seoul, Korea that focuses on interventional cardiology. Over the past two decades, this meeting has played an integral part in the Asia-Pacific region on educating physicians and other healthcare professionals who are interested in ...

Medical ethics can be defined as the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to medicine. Healthcare providers, or for that matter all who make contributions to the field of medicine, are regularly confronted by ethical dilemmas. Like other predicaments, ethical dilemmas require thoughtful consideration. The overarching goal ...

Due to the historical preponderance of racial and/or intellectual homogeneity in the field of psychology, Eurocentrism set the "gold standard" for its method of intervention. As such, it might be argued that psychology remains a bastion of Eurocentric thought despite the globalization of knowledge and the influx of racially and ...

Ethical core issues in research with human subjects are related to informed consent and risk-benefit assessment. This is valid for all types of studies. However, there has been much greater focus of ethical considerations on controlled clinical trials than on naturalistic trials, probably because the former are interventional in nature ...

The law, like neurology, grapples with the relationship between disease states and behavior. Sometimes, the two disciplines share the same terminology, such as automatism. In law, the "automatism defense" is a claim that action was involuntary or performed while unconscious. Someone charged with a serious crime can acknowledge committing the ...

A European Federation of Neurological Societies/Peripheral Nerve Society consensus guideline on the definition, investigation, and treatment of multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) was published in 2006. The aim is to revise this guideline. Disease experts considered references retrieved from MEDLINE and Cochrane Systematic Reviews published between August 2004 and July 2009 ...

The Disclosure Dilemma — Large-Scale Adverse Events Health Law, Ethics, and Human Rights, N Engl J Med 2010;363:978-986. In Table 1 (page 980), in the Event and Location column, the location of the Fremont Cancer Center should have been “Fremont, NE,” rather than “Fremont, CA.” The article has been corrected ...

Mental health professionals practicing in rural areas face ethical dilemmas different from those experienced by their urban counterparts and may find that the existing ethics literature and American Psychological Association (APA, 2002) ethics code not particularly helpful. We highlight parts of five standards from the APA ethics code to illustrate ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the distress experienced by Spanish podiatrists related to ethical dilemmas, organisational matters, and lack of resources. DESIGN: A 2008 email survey of a representative sample of 485 Spanish podiatrists presenting statements about different ethical dilemmas, values and goals at the workplace. RESULTS: The response rate was 44.8%. ...

Following a two-year inquiry, the Nuffield Council on Bioethics published a report in October 2009 on the ethical dilemmas raised by dementia. Community nurses play an important role in supporting carers of people with dementia, but face ethical dilemmas of their own, for example, balancing the needs of the person ...

One of the causes of the increasing request for radiological examinations occurring in all economically developed countries is the active role played by the patient-consumer. Consumerism places the radiologist in an ethical dilemma, between the principle of autonomy on the one hand and the ethical principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence and ...

Speech pathologists are confronted by ethical issues when they need to make decisions about client care, address team conflict, and fulfil the range of duties and responsibilities required of health professionals. However, there has been little research into the specific nature of ethical dilemmas experienced by speech pathologists and whether ...

Debate over withdrawal or withholding of artificial nutrition appeared a distant discussion until the furor over the Schiavo case and a Papal Allocation reignited this ethical dilemma. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the bioethical opinion regarding artificial nutrition, as published in the Hastings Center ...

PURPOSE: The increase in bioethics education in preclinical curricula enables medical students to recognize ethical issues and determine right action. The authors sought to explore the ethical dilemmas medical students experience during clinical clerkships. METHOD: Following an e-mail invitation, 100 of 104 graduating medical students allowed their final ethics assignment, ...

Psychiatric practice is often faced with complex situations that seem to pose serious moral dilemmas for practitioners. Methods for solving these dilemmas have included the development of more objective rules to guide the practitioner such as utilitarianism and deontology. A more modern variant on this objective model has been 'Principlism' ...

The aim of this study was to describe Swedish occupational therapists' experiences of encountering ethical dilemmas in rehabilitation and strategies they used to handle the situations. Twelve occupational therapists who work with adults with developmental disabilities were interviewed using a semi-structured interview design. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. ...

BACKGROUND: Medicine is full of value conflicts. Limited resources and legal regulations may place doctors in difficult ethical dilemmas and cause moral distress. Research on moral distress has so far been mainly studied in nurses. OBJECTIVE: To describe whether Norwegian doctors experience stress related to ethical dilemmas and lack of ...

Ten new graduate speech pathologists recounted their experiences in managing workplace ethical dilemmas in semi-structured interviews. Their stories were analysed for elements that described the nature and management of the ethical dilemmas. Ethical reasoning themes were generated to reflect the participants' approaches to managing these dilemmas. Finally, a conceptual model, ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to consider the application of principle-based medical ethics to psychiatry. CONCLUSIONS: Principles-based medical ethics is a useful tool for resolving ethical dilemmas in psychiatry in that clinical aspects of ethical dilemmas can be better articulated then in other methods . The ethical dilemmas ...

It is not unknown for participants in discussions of ethics to prefix their claims with a profession of their religious faith - to say, for instance, "Well, I'm a Christian/Muslim/whatever, so I think that ...". Other participants in the debate may well worry about how to respond without the risk ...

Group psychotherapists in their everyday practice confront a series of ethical problems, some of which rise to the level of ethical dilemmas. This two-part special series will address how the group psychotherapist can address these problems and dilemmas in a way that leads to an ethical course of conduct. This ...

The physician working on the sidelines of a public sporting event may encounter a unique set of ethical dilemmas. Many of the ethical pitfalls result from the physician's responsibilities, not only to the patient, but also to teams and events. Standard rules of confidentiality and patient autonomy may not apply. ...

This article proposes that Butler's Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence provides a valuable contribution to the sociology of cosmopolitanism on the basis of a perspective which forcefully addresses the new sovereign power of the USA which reneges on the possibilities of cosmopolitanization by means of resurgent nationalism, ...

Why is it that many of the often-cited narratives about butch, FTM, and/or transgender masculinity happen to be fictions that highlight suffering as a de facto rite of passage for the butch, FTM, or transgendered protagonist? This essay attempts to answer that question, first by outlining the "coherentist assumptions" of ...

This paper describes how the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at South Dakota School of Mines and Technology has chosen to integrate ethics into their curriculum. All university freshmen engineering students are introduced to ethics through the presentation of ethical dilemmas. During this exercise, students are forced to argue both ...

Cosmetic dermatology provides new esthetic options for patients and expanded practice opportunities for physicians. Perhaps because of its recent inception, discussions of the ethical quandaries in the field are relatively new. Certainly, these dilemmas remain unresolved. This article aims to identify ethical obligations that practicing cosmetic dermatologists and the professional ...

After a period during which the theological categories of sin and forgiveness were ignored or trivialized, presently these notions are being rediscovered. What could their impact be on bioethics, either in the narrow sense of medical ethics, or in the more encompassing sense of the ethics of the life sciences? ...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the kinds of ethical dilemmas surgeons face during practice. METHODS: Five male and five female surgeons at a University hospital in Norway were interviewed as part of a comprehensive investigation into the narratives of physicians and nurses about ethically difficult situations ...

In 1982, Dr. Alan Stone raised a central dilemma in ethics for forensic psychiatry that has prompted significant and important discussion of the concerns about twisting justice, prostituting the profession, and operating without adequate ethics guidelines in the course of our work. In presidential addresses to the membership of the ...

This discussion reviews the Greco-Roman mythic origins of the eponymic Hermaphroditus. It reviews the two major tales, one Greek, the other from Ovid, regarding the origins of the sexual and gender predicament of Hermaphroditus. It explains the genealogy of Hermaphroditus in Greek mythology, and includes a discussion of Ovid's text ...

This seventh statement of the ESHRE Task Force on Ethics and Law considers ethical questions and specific dilemmas surrounding the cryopreservation of gametes and reproductive tissue. This is of particular relevance with advancing techniques for cryopreservation and the desire of many individuals to preserve fertility after cancer, chronic illness, iatrogenic ...

Persuasion is the art of giving others reasons to believe you. Classically, the three elements of rhetoric have been evidence or a strong case, connecting with and honoring the feelings of the audience, and character--the person and the message always come together as a package. Twenty types of common abuse ...

Most moral dilemmas in medicine are analysed using the four principles with some consideration of consequentialism but these frameworks have limitations. It is not always clear how to judge which consequences are best. When principles conflict it is not always easy to decide which should dominate. They also do not ...

Ethical dilemmas pervade modern geriatric medicine. What is considered right or wrong will differ depending on, among other things, the patient's religion. The three Abrahamic monotheistic religions, Judaism, Christianity (its Catholic variant), and Islam all have carefully considered positions on medical ethics. Although much is held in common, there are ...

The attack on the United States by terrorists on 9/11 and the war with Iraq have raised new ethical questions for the military and for military physicians (Herman 2002; Elshtain 2003). How and when attacks may occur now is less predictable. Planes have been hijacked, and persons dressed as civilians ...

BACKGROUND: This paper details contemporary ethical dilemmas encountered by Queensland dentists. METHODS: An age-stratified sample of 499 dentists resident in Queensland was surveyed. The questionnaire contained scenarios of five common ethical dilemmas. In addition, open-ended questions sought the respondent's most frequent, difficult and recent ethical dilemmas, and where they would ...

Niels Kaj Jerne, one of the leading theoreticians in 20th century immunology, was awarded the 1984 medical Nobel Prize for the natural selection theory of antibody formation, the haemolytic plaque technique, and the idiotypic network theory. A number of reasons for remembering Jerne are discussed, and three aspects of his ...

Ardley Quarry in Oxfordshire, UK, contains one of the most extensive dinosaur-trackway sites in the world, with individual trackways extending for up to 180 metres. We have discovered a unique dual-gauge trackway from a bipedal theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic in this locality, which indicates that these large theropods ...

The effects of dynamic payoff matrices on evolution of cooperation are studied based on the prisoner's dilemma game on a two-dimensional square lattice. The study is conducted by simulation and an analytical theory based on mean-field approximation. Payoff matrices are designed to evolve depending on a ratio of defectors (or ...

1. Technological advancements have rapidly increased the need for careful ethical choices to preserve life and environment of the global community. 2. No formula exists to resolve ethical dilemmas, but using an ethical decision making model can help maintain a state of ethical fitness. 3. The Ethical Fitness model relies ...

This article is the second one in a series dealing with mental health ethics in Cuba. It reports on ethical dilemmas, resources and limitations to their resolution, and recommendations for action. The data, obtained through individual interviews and focus groups with 28 professionals, indicate that Cubans experience dilemmas related to ...

Conjoined twins were born on 8th August 2000 in Manchester. After a 2-month period of legal fighting between their parents and the medical team, which was widely reported in the media, the twins were surgically separated on 7th November 2000. This case-report scrutinises the ethical dilemma from a fresh perspective.

The practice of pediatric surgery is at the crossroads of 2 specialties, pediatrics and surgery. At that vantage point, many ethical dilemmas can be seen. It is important for the pediatric surgeon to understand the special place of ethics in the care of children and how that care is influenced ...

This is a useful and thought-provoking special series about ethical issues in personality assessment. All of the articles in this special series are discussed. Some common themes and guidelines emerge from the articles. Given the complexity of many ethical dilemmas, it is important to follow a decision-making model. Several models ...

Whilst there has been considerable debate about the fit between moral theory and moral reasoning in everyday life, the way in which moral problems are defined has rarely been questioned. This paper presents a qualitative analysis of interviews conducted with 15 general practitioners (GPs) in South Australia to argue that ...

In the present essay I intend to explore 'dialectical dialogue' in three distinct moments: the battle for recognition, the ethics of giving recognition, and the multiplicity of conversation. The essay begins with Hegel's figures of Master and Slave portraying the struggle of speech for recognition. This struggle culminates in a ...

After WWII, ultra-nationalism, which was the leading ideology of wartime Japan, seemed to have lost its power to inspire the Japanese. In the 1960s, when the Japanese began to enjoy economic prosperity, Yukio Mishima, deploring that the Japanese were losing the traditional spirit and morality of the nation, was one ...