Viatical settlements are new within the last decade. A settlement contract is a written agreement between a viator (terminally ill person) and an independent viatical settlement company. The company purchases the viator's life insurance policy before the person expires, paying a designated percentage of the policy's worth in exchange for ...

When a patient with a new spinal cord injury (SCI) refuses all care, the treatment team struggles with an ethical dilemma. The issues of patients' rights and autonomy are in conflict with the concepts of beneficence and nonmaleficence. Thomasma (1978) recommended a model useful in addressing situations in which values ...

While the decision of the House of Lords in Re F in [1990] clarified somewhat the law concerning the treatment of the mentally incapacitated adult, many uncertainties remained. This paper explores proposals discussed in a recent government green paper for reform of the law in an area involving many difficult ...

In Western society, Christian Churches historically have been, and contemporarily are, involved with people perceived with disability. While they may practise biblical ethical imperatives such as care, compassion, mercy, support, welfare and charity, Churches have, paradoxically, only minimally offered cohesive or explicit moral notions for the 'inclusion' of people with ...

In recent years a new generation of relief workers and relief agencies has become embroiled in the heat of civil wars and political emergencies, and the humanitarian community has had to revisit its fundamental principles and address the ethics of what it does. This paper sets out to continue this ...

When does a group have responsibility for the well-being of an individual? And what are the differences between the ethics of the individual and the ethics of the corporation? Those are the questions Bowen McCoy wanted readers to explore in this HBR Classic, first published in September-October 1983. In 1982, ...

Police surgeons play an important role in the British criminal justice system. Professionally located between the two worlds of medicine and the law, they face ethical dilemmas which derive from the dual nature of their role. The development of the police surgeon service has seen the emergence of three further ...

Although the title of Honts et al.'s paper suggests that it will be a reply to the specific, logico-ethical problem of the CQT polygraph (the Polygrapher's Dilemma), the text deals only tangentially with this logico-ethical problem, and engages, instead, in a diffuse discussion of related, but different, ethical, methodological, and ...

The following address was given as the Distinguished Neuropsychologist Award Presentation and Acceptance Speech at the 15th annual conference of the National Academy of Neuropsychology, San Francisco, November 2, 1995. Substantive issues discussed include: (a) the threatened loss of the clinical in clinical neuropsychology; (b) post-doctoral training and job market ...

Six years ago, Douglas Adams took a "dangerous detour" off his life's path, temporarily losing his way, ethically and professionally. What allowed him to regain his footing? A return to vision and values. In an essay that speaks to fundamental issues in the lives of executives in all fields, Adams ...

The doctor's dilemma regarding life support arises from opportunities in modern medicine to prolong life beyond the wildest dreams of medical doctors in previous eras. The traditional ethical framework based on duties to respect life, do what is best for the patient, be faithful to patients' reasonable expectations and avoid ...

We surveyed 223 APA members to investigate the roles of therapists' sex, theoretical orientation, interpersonal boundaries, and clients' sex in predicting therapists' assessments of the ethicality of nonerotic dual relationships with their clients. Results indicated that therapists' sex, interpersonal boundaries, and theoretical orientation influenced ethical judgments of these relationships. Theoretical ...

Many ethical assessments of contemporary moral dilemmas have failed to appreciate the uncertainty and ambiguity that practitioners confront, especially when new and emerging technologies are involved. In an attempt to provide a more realistic and compelling approach to these problems, the seventh CAP Foundation Conference adopted an interprofessional perspective. Interprofessional ...

The authors used categories based on the NASW Code of Ethics to code hospital social workers' descriptions of ethical dilemmas according to the specific principles in conflict. They also developed codes to identify discharge destination and medical care issues involved in the ethical dilemma. Most ethical dilemmas were found to ...

Ethical dilemmas are, by the very fact of being dilemmas, situations in which the right action is not immediately evident. A significant number of the ethical dilemmas faced by health-care and other professionals include respect for privacy or confidentiality as one of the values involved. To say that a situation ...

Cervical screening presents several ethical dilemmas to family physicians. The author reviews the risks associated with screening, costs versus benefits of running a screening program, and the issues surrounding patient autonomy and patient coercion. Is saving one life worthwhile, and at what cost? Cervical screening programs are imperative in family ...

Twenty psychologists were interviewed about an ethical dilemma that they had found to be particularly difficult to resolve. In just under half of the cases the dilemma involved a perceived conflict of ethical principles (e.g., the welfare of the consumer vs. the right to privacy). In the other cases, the ...

As an extension of the previously established association between Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii and Eucalyptus camaldulensis (River red gum) we have now found a similar relationship between C. neoformans var. gattii and the closely related Eucalyptus tereticornis (Forest red gum). The global distribution of E. tereticornis is similar to that ...

In this paper the pros and cons of using placebo are discussed from the point of view of ethical theories and principles. The effects of placebo are exemplified by findings from previous studies, and an authentic case serves to illustrate ethical dilemmas arising both for the caregiver and the patient ...

This article illustrates ethical dilemmas faced by therapists who provide driver reeducation. The dilemmas discussed are (a) accepting a wide range of referral sources and client disabilities versus the inability to know enough to anticipate all driver performance errors, (b) the client's safety versus the client's right to independence, (c) ...

A common dilemma is whether to ensure a safe environment for the older person or to allow the older person to continue to live independently in an environment where personal safety may not be ensured. Conflicting opinions between marginally competent older adults and adult children regarding satisfactory living arrangements involve ...

A 15-year-old girl is presented with symmetric, hyperpigmented streaks and whorls on trunk and extremities. The pigmentation is located in the basal layer of the epidermis. The clinical and histopathological picture seems to be identical to the reticulate hyperpigmentation of Iijima, Naito and Uyeno, hitherto only described from Japan.

Ethical dilemmas in family practice have increased in frequency and complexity as both the potential benefit and the potential harm of medical treatments have increased. All physicians must be aware of moral issues relating to medicine. Family physicians commonly face ethical problems concerning the patient with diminished autonomy; the right ...

Presently there are several controversial areas in the clinical practice of dentistry. One area which presents an ethical dilemma to the clinician is the delivery of quality and sufficiency of treatment of malocclusion. The mode of treatment of malocclusion by orthodontists, pediatric dentists, generalists represents a classic turf battle with ...

What kind of a leader are you? According to Ms. Godderidge, it's important for managers to assess their own leadership style, as well as its effect on others. She analyzes the "Dilemmas of Leadership" in this article based on her presentation at the 9th World Congress of the International Society ...

Ethical dilemmas in head and neck cancer daily confront physicians, patients, families, and society at large. For every situation there are potential benefits and real burdens, as well as risks. There are no "right" answers for any given situation, but there are processes for assisting the primary decision makers involved ...

A mouse-mouse monoclonal antibody, MoAb HMSA-2, was raised against the melanosomal protein of human malignant melanoma. To characterize the nature of dysplastic melanocytic nevi (DMN), we examined the reactivity of DMN with MoAb HMSA-2 in comparison to that of superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) and common melanocytic nevi (CMN) including junctional ...

The formulation, implementation, and evaluation of public policies do not typically include formal ethical analysis. Reconceptualizing from an ethical standpoint the historical and contemporary dilemmas created by the deinstitutionalization policy underscores the need for attention to distributive justice and respect for individuals in developing programs for the chronically mentally ill ...

Ethical dilemmas arise when physical therapists encounter conflicts between loyalty to their patients and loyalty to their employers. This type of ethical conflict is called "the dilemma of the double agent." If physical therapists perceive themselves as agents of their patients, their employment may be threatened. If physical therapists perceive ...

It is often assumed that the central problem in a medical ethics issue is determining which course of action is morally correct. There are some aspects of ethical issues that will yield to such analysis. However, at the core of important medical moral problems is an irreducible dilemma in which ...

Pharmacy students as well as pharmacists were surveyed on ethical dilemmas in pharmacy practice. The respondents indicated a high degree of concern over patient welfare on which there was agreement. The major area of disagreements was on economic concerns. Since it takes time to develop a professional ethical system, it ...

The situation in Switzerland is characterized by a particularly violent antivivisectionist movement. A pending public vote on a constitutional amendment threatens to ban animal experiments totally. The scientific community has reacted by establishing binding Ethical Guide-Lines that should help the scientists to deal responsibly with the ethical conflict that follows ...

A survey of black and white family physicians in the District of Columbia is described. The survey provides insight into decision-making processes and the ability to recognize ethical dilemmas in medical practice. Comments were elicited to hypothetical case vignettes typical of ethical conflict in office practice. Findings note physician ability ...

In 127 temporomandibular joint autopsy specimens the position (superior 44%, partially anterior 22%, completely anterior 34%) and configuration of the disk (biconcave 56%, biconvex 10%, others 34%) were related to osteoarthrosis. All biconvex disks were positioned anteriorly and associated with osteoarthrosis. Biconcave disks were mostly positioned superiorly and associated with ...

Thesis (M. A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, Deerfield, Ill., 1997.

This is a reflective account of an ethical dilemma encountered while on placement on a cardiology ward. Reflection is a process which allows practitioners to reveal and expose thoughts, behaviours and feelings that are present at a particular time. All reflective models are based on the principle that purposeful reflection ...

In this article, the first of two parts, the authors focus on ethical dilemmas in clinical supervision. Given that there may be several factors that contribute to the limited uptake of clinical supervision, the authors suggest that one reason might be the clinician's concern and confusion regarding the potential ethical ...