Plagiarism is one of those ethical issues no one wants to talk about. This article sets the stage for educating readers, authors, and researchers in the fundamentals of scholarship. Legal ramifications for professional theft, deception, and misconduct provide information regarding the perpetration, constituents, and aftermath of the act of plagiarism. ...

Psychiatrists bring a unique understanding to clinical ethics, but psychiatrists need a precise awareness of the difference between exercising their clinical expertise and facilitating ethical decisionmaking. The author outlines a schema for recognizing and honoring that distinction and illustrates "pseudoethics," "pseudopsychiatry," and "psychiatry/ethics" consultations. The author describes how to make ...

Healthcare ethics committees which have focused almost entirely on clinical ethics, now need to prepare to deal with organizational ethics, a field that is attracting increasing attention. As they did with clinical ethics, ethics committees members must educate themselves in the demands of the newer field. As before, they must ...

Patients with internal cardioverter-defibrillators experience many issues after implantation. One issue is operating a motor vehicle. This issue has many ethical, legal and quality-of-life concerns that must be addressed by the patient, health care providers, and society. The legal and ethical issues surrounding patients with internal cardioverter-defibrillators will be explored ...

The article focuses on the ethical and moral issues raised by the participation of physicians in the execution process in the United States of America. Discussion centres on two main areas. Firstly, participation in the actual execution, particularly where the method is lethal injection; and secondly psychiatric assessment and treatment ...

The union of genomics and computational information retrieval raises a number of ethical issues, including data sharing, database accuracy, group and subgroup stigma, and privacy and confidentiality. These issues are introduced and assigned a preliminary analysis which, it is hoped, may be of use in more sustained efforts to identify ...

From time to time, the Ethical Practice Board or the Council on Professional Ethics determines that members and certificate holders can benefit from additional analysis and instruction concerning a specific issue of ethical conduct. Issues in Ethics statements are intended to heighten sensitivity and increase awareness. They illustrate the Code ...

In recent years, the relationship between industry and academic investigators has been strengthened and has become increasingly complex, creating a variety of situations which have the potential of leading to ethical compromises. Two categories of behavior have been the primary concern of those dealing with ethical issues in science, namely, ...

This paper examines some of the ethical issues involved in the treatment of applicants to highly competitive APA-accredited clinical and counseling psychology Ph.D. programs. These issues are analyzed in terms of the 1992 APA Ethics Code as well as the basic ethical principles of nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, fidelity, and autonomy. ...

While some of our patients take pot luck when they choose their general practitioner, more I believe give considerable thought about who is to be the family doctor. We need to think long and hard about who we refer them to when the need arises, bearing in mind the ethical ...

Theology risks marginalization in the debate about ethical medicine, if theologians merely surrender to ambiguity. We live in a pluralistic society, C. Ben Mitchell points out, but Christians must not accept pluralism as an ideology. In light of our own tradition, we must speak out on ethical issues as we ...

Conflict of interest is an issue not only for business leaders, government officials, and researchers, but also academicians. As an ethical issue, conflict of interest involves competing interests as well as raises questions related to an individual's integrity. A case is used to discuss these ethical issues in the academic ...

This study represents the responses of 377 pharmacists to a mail survey examining their beliefs concerning various business situations involving ethical issues. Several short vignettes involving ethical issues are presented and respondents were asked whether they agreed or not with the actions described in each. Conclusions and implications are outlined ...

Because there is a large agenda of work that needs to be done to help ethicists to be better able to address ethical questions in healthcare from an environmentally conscious and globally coherent point of view, Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics is initiating this occasional column on global bioethics to ...

This article reviews a brief history of the origins of dialysis for patients in end stage renal disease (ESRD), focusing on the early beginnings in Seattle, and identifies ethical issues emerging from the new technology. Current ethical issues in ESRD are discussed along with an approach to ethical problem-solving that ...

Two general philosophical approaches to ethical issues in property rights are described. Instrumental approaches take property rights to be means for achieving goals such as social efficiency or economic growth. Labor approaches take property rights to be fundamental human rights that protect liberty or that assign ownership of goods based ...

The so-called 'new genetics,' a phrase sometimes associated with The Human Genome Initiative, poses no really new ethical problems, but exacerbates old ones. The issues of most concern to geneticists and their patients are summarized under the eleven headings below. These issues emerged from a 19-nation study of ethics and ...

In a pluralistic society, ethics must be understood as "what we ought to do and become, as civilized persons, in light of who we say we are." This understanding of ethics can help hospital ethics committees produce policies and consultations that are the result of shared deliberation and respect. The ...

This article explores the ethical issues confronted when the process of childbirth is threatened by premature labor and delivery. In this article, obstetric ethics are distinguished within the larger study of "ethics," frameworks for decision making are critiqued, and factors that frequently influence the formation of ethical judgments are commented ...

Home care agencies and family members are confronted on a daily basis with ethical issues that have a strong impact on methods of operation and care. Where can they turn for guidance when these ethical dilemmas occur? An ethics advisory committee has proven an effective and powerful answer in a ...

I explore some new directions - suggested by feminism - for medical ethics and for philosophical ethics generally. Moral philosophers need to confront two issues. The first is deciding which moral issues merit attention. Questions which incorporate the perspectives of women need to be posed - e.g., about the unequal ...

Drug abuse is both a personal and a public issue, raising questions about individual rights and the boundaries of law, as well as about national sovereignty and international control. Ethical issues that arise under these headings may be related to certain broad ethical positions. The implications of adopting utilitarian assumptions ...

... The special concerns of families, patients, and caregivers are inevitably interwoven among the difficult ethical issues that ethics committees confront when they review individual cases. Certain of these ethical issues and special concerns can be addressed more effectively by the use of one particular case review model. This means ...

Formal training in clinical ethics must become a central part of residency curricula to prepare practitioners to manage the ethical dimensions of patient care. Residency educators must ground their teaching in an understanding of the conceptual, biomedical, and psychosocial aspects of the important ethical issues that arise in that field ...

The discussion of purchasing practices and product integrity, which have ethical implications for materiel/manufacturing management, serves to illustrate how routine decisions can have larger implications for the firm as a whole. Management needs to take a proactive role in confronting ethical issues by (1) demonstrating a corporate commitment to sound ...

Ethical dilemmas in counseling gay and lesbian adolescents are analyzed according to underlying ethical principles. Developmental issues and their relevance to therapy are emphasized. Conflicts among client autonomy, claims of paternalism, and limits of confidentiality are examined. Competence to enter therapy for issues of sexual identity is assessed. The author ...

In Denmark, which alone in Western Europe has not accepted brain death as the criterion of death, the newly established Danish Council of Ethics has issued a report suggesting that in Denmark the criterion of death should still be the cessation of cardiac activity. The council bases its conclusion on ...

Eight research protocols which had previously been approved by Ethical Research Committees (ERCs) were reviewed in simulated review committees set up during a symposium on medical ethics. Only three protocols were considered to provide fully adequate information to allow ethical review and only one protocol was thought to provide sufficient ...

Dementia creates special ethical dilemmas and affects common ethical problems. In this article, the authors outline the clinical course of a demented patient in order to examine how different ethical issues tend to arise in different stages of dementia. The topics of accurate diagnosis, treatment planning (including advance directives), assessment ...

Because practicing physicians are poorly prepared to resolve many ethical issues that arise in patient care, this article proposes that residencies include practical training in medical ethics. Training in medical ethics helps physicians recognize ethical issues in patient care and resolve those issues wisely. Furthermore, such training has its maximum ...

The variety of general issues and particular controversies in biomedical ethics can be understood as reflecting a deeper unity than normally supposed. The principle of plenitude and the paradigm of the "chain of Being" form the tie among the phenomena. They are defined, and their presence is tracked especially through ...

A survey was conducted of members of the Psychiatry and Behavioral Science section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS) to determine their ethical concerns about controversial items. Issues were included in the survey from the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and AAFS Code of Ethics. Strong support was found ...

A description is given of the ethical issues encountered by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in its regulation of new life-saving devices. Issues related both to clinical investigation and to marketing approval of the devices are examined. The potential role of engineers in addressing these issues is discussed.

The frequency and nature of ethical issues faced by pharmacists have not been well documented. To address these issues a retrospective study of the potential ethical problems encountered by pharmacists in a drug information center was conducted. Of the 744 calls received over a 13-month period, 50 raised ethical issues. ...

It is increasingly agreed that ethics has a place in undergraduate medical education. There is, however, debate about how it should be taught, and by whom. We present our experience of teaching ethics in a general practice module over six years. During this period there has been a shift from ...

This essay reviews 15 statements on the ethics of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer that were produced between 1979 and 1985. The statements represent the deliberations and conclusions of committees from Australia, Western Europe (including the United Kingdom), Canada, and the United States. From 1979 through the early ...

This paper presents an overview of ethical issues concerning IVF. The first section evaluates specific ethical issues; the medical understanding of IVF, the development of the procedure, the risks of the procedure, and issues related to consent. The second part of the paper reviews broader issues: the allocation of resources, ...

In many respects in vitro fertilization has been accepted as ethical by the majority of people in the Western world. Controversy now involves the ancillary issues of embryo freezing, embryo adoption, surrogate mothering of in vitro fertilization embryos, donor fathering of in vitro fertilization embryos, and research on embryos. The ...

Closing unprofitable services often requires as much analysis, public relations, marketing, and planning as any expansion. Further, issues about ethics, indigents, and the hospital mission force the consideration of values explicitly if a marketing fiasco is to be avoided. By integrating values analysis with more traditional management tasks, the challenges ...

In vitro fertilisation is now an established technique for treating some forms of infertility, yet it remains ethically controversial. New developments, such as embryo donation and embryo freezing, have led to further discussion. We briefly discuss the ethical aspects of IVF, focusing on the issues of resource allocation, the 'unnaturalness' ...

The authors examine the ethical issues in choosing between individual and social unit (marital and family) therapies. Although usually neglected in the literature, these ethical questions are important and complex. A general systems perspective is used to provide a framework for ethical analysis. The core of the ethical problem is ...

The history of various attempts at thought control and chemical warfare is briefly reviewed. Brainwashing, thought control, industrial and national espionage, and covert activities are becoming more sophisticated. These issues have been revived and accentuated by the Vietnam war, the Middle East Crisis, Watergate, the CIA investigations and the Patty ...

Thesis (Master, Urban & Regional Planning) -- Queen's University, 2007-09-28 11:25:12.401

Published by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2005, this report looks at the ethical issues facing fisheries now that it is clear that they can no longer sustain their previous rates of exploitation and development, in light of recent concerns over overfishing, bycatch and discards, food quality, ...

The President's Council on Bioethics was created in November 2001 with a mission to advise the President on bioethical issues that may emerge as a consequence of advances in biomedical science and technology. This is the full-text of a paper by Gene Outka, Professor of Philosophy & Christian Bioethics, Yale ...

Outbreaks of filovirus (Ebola and Marburg) hemorrhagic fevers in Africa are typically the theater of rescue activities involving international experts and agencies tasked with reinforcing national authorities in clinical management, biological diagnosis, sanitation, public health surveillance and coordination. These outbreaks can be seen as a paradigm for ethical issues posed ...

This article explores the potential benefits of, or problems associated with, the insertion of a feeding tube to commence enteral nutrition. Some of the issues that may arise when a patient is no longer able to meet their nutritional needs orally are discussed.