Competence to be executed evaluations in effect can prevent an execution or remove the last meaningful impediment to it. Forensic psychiatrists have primary duties to the legal system and truth and honesty, but like all other areas of medical consultation also should balance conflicting secondary traditional medical ethical duties. Participation ...

Scholars and commentators alike have long used 'organized medicine' as shorthand for the American Medical Association (AMA). However, organized medicine has increasingly shown signs of fragmentation into specialty societies over the last two decades. While the AMA remains the largest association of physicians, and wields a great deal of influence ...

Ophthalmologists admire Lucien Howe, MD (1848-1928) (Figure 1), for his leadership and philanthropy. During his presidency of the American Ophthalmological Society (AOS), the organization established an award for contributions to ophthalmology, now known as the Howe Medal (Figure 2), one of the highest honors in the specialty. In addition, there ...

In this paper I argue that bioethics is in crisis and that it will not have a future unless it begins to embrace a more Socratic approach to its leading assumptions. The absence of a critical and sceptical spirit has resulted in little more than a dominant ideology. I focus ...

Samuel Golubchuk was unwittingly at the center of a medical controversy with important ethical ramifications. Mr. Golubchuk, an 84-year-old patient whose precise neurological level of function was open to debate, was being artificially ventilated and fed by a gastrostomy tube prior to his death. According to all reports he was ...

Policy on reinfibulation exposes the interface between individual or micro-ethics and population-wide or macro-ethics. If, following childbirth, an infibulated woman requests reinfibulation, a gynecologist may respectfully advise her of its negative implications, but would not act in breach of ethical or usually legal requirements in undertaking the procedure. However, as ...

The Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs of the American Medical Association examines physicians' professional ethical responsibility in the event that the security of patients' electronic records is breached.

Fifty years after the founding of the field of medical anthropology, the Society for Medical Anthropology of the American Anthropological Association held its first independent meeting on September 24-27, 2009, at Yale University.

This is the narratives of a family physician and a teacher of Medical Ethics, who herself suffers from Gaucher's disease. She was asked by a colleague to give an advice to a couple trying to decide whether to terminate a pregnancy of a fetus "like her". The ethical, emotional and ...

The current popularity of complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) generates many challenges to medical ethics. The one discussed here is the advice offered by CAM practitioners. Using selected examples, the author tries to demonstrate that some of the advice issued through the popular media or provided by acupuncturists, chiropractors, herbalists, homeopaths, pharmacists, ...

The first medical society of Japanese neurologists and psychiatrists was founded in 1902, but psychiatrists gradually dominated in number. New "Japanese Society of Neurology" (JSN) was founded in 1960. The number of members was only 643 in 1960, while it rose up to 8,555 in 2009, including regular, junior, senior ...

A broad spectrum of infectious diseases is studied in vulnerable populations. However, ethical considerations of reporting research results that could increase stigmatization of socially marginalized and vulnerable populations are not often discussed in the medical literature, particularly not in the context of transmissible diseases. This article addresses ethical considerations that ...

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, The Obesity Society, and American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice are systematically developed statements to assist health-care professionals in medical decision making for specific clinical conditions. Most of the content herein is based on literature reviews. In areas of ...

Because they provide potential benefit at great personal and public cost, the intensive care unit (ICU) and the interventions rendered therein have become symbols of both the promise and the limitations of medical technology. At the same time, the ICU has served as an arena in which many of the ...

In this perspective, I trace my experiences with the ASCI, beginning in 1952, when as a medical student I attended my first meeting, until 1975, when I completed my term as president of the Society. I focus attention on the sociological aspects of the Atlantic City meetings and the critically ...

The International Symposium on Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Optimal Therapy was founded by Dr. Andrés Poveda and Prof. Jan B. Vermorken, and each edition has been directed by them. The 6th edition was held on March 2, 2007. This symposium is organized every other year by GEICO (Grupo Español de Investigación ...

The so-called poster exhibition is an established element of medical meetings which often receives little attention. The aim of this study was to analyze the organization, acceptance and value of poster exhibitions. Interview based study conducted during the annual meeting of a German specialist medical conference. A total of 247 ...

The Society of Gastrointestinal Intervention was founded to provide a multidisciplinary forum for medical staff, scientists and allied health professionals involved in minimally invasive gastrointestinal intervention. Besides providing an international meeting, the society aims to establish a clinical, as well as an academic network among the three main disciplines of ...

The clinical vignette remains the standard means by which medical ethics are taught to students in the healthcare professions. Although written or verbal vignettes are useful as a pedagogic tool for teaching ethics and introducing students to real cases, they are limited, since students must imagine the clinical scenario. Medical ...

Medical ethics often is treated as applied ethics, that is, the application of moral philosophy to ethical issues in medicine. In an earlier paper, we examined instances of moral philosophy's influence on medical ethics. We found the applied ethics model inadequate and sketched an alternative model. On this model, practitioners ...

Historically, the preconditions for the emergence of bioethics in China. were political reforms and their applications. The Hanzhong Euthanasia Case and the publication of Qiu Ren-zong's academic work Bioethics played a significant role in the development of bioethics in China. Other contributory factors include the establishment of the Chinese Society ...

Both American and Canadian residency accreditation bodies have formal requirements in core competencies that include training in ethics and professionalism without prescribing content. A structured seminar series in medical ethics and professionalism relating to dermatology practice was started at Brown Medical School's dermatology residency in 2001. Methods of instruction include ...

Philosophy textbooks typically treat bioethics as a form of "applied ethics"-i.e., an attempt to apply a moral theory, like utilitarianism, to controversial ethical issues in biology and medicine. Historians, however, can find virtually no cases in which applied philosophical moral theory influenced ethical practice in biology or medicine. In light ...

Over 700 presentations have been given at the meetings of the American Osler Society (AOS) since its inception in 1970. Fully half of these have treated various aspects of Osler's personal and professional life. Many have dealt with Osler's specific contributions to an array of medical specialties. Other national/international Osler ...

Session and Paper Abstracts for Panel Organized for the Society of Medical Anthropology, American Anthropological Association, 105th Annual Meeting, San Jose, CA , November 2006

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Forensic psychiatrists find themselves at the crossroads of disparate ethical demands stemming from their basic identification as physicians versus obligations of their professional activities that often involve working for third parties and upholding the principles of law. Ethical demands in law may collide with those of the ...

When ethical issues arise in emergency medical practice, many emergency physicians turn to the law for answers. Although knowing when and how the law applies to emergency medicine is important, the law is only one factor to consider among many factors. Additionally, the law may not be applicable or may ...

Narrative bioethics is primarily understood to involve storytelling through the use of literature. This article suggests that other forms of media are necessary to convey stories of an ethical nature to an audience broader than one being trained as medical professionals. "Documentary bioethics" is a manner to present and interpret ...

The discourse on physicians and ethics in the Nazi regime usually refers to the violation of medical ethics by Nazi doctors who as a guild and as individuals applied their professional knowledge, training and status in order to facilitate murder and medical "experimentation". In the introduction to this article I ...

Recent trends in biomedical technologies have been associated with increasing discussion about ethical aspects of the new knowledge in many societies, including the Islamic Republic of Iran. Medical ethics has a long history in our country, and great Iranian physicians laid special emphasis on teaching and practising traditional ethics. In ...

Medicine, law, and social values are not static. Reexamining the ethical tenets of medical practice and their application in new circumstances is a necessary exercise. The fifth edition of the College's Ethics Manual covers emerging issues in medical ethics and revisits old ones. It reflects on many of the ethical ...

With a membership of just over 17 500 the Royal Society of Medicine is the largest medical society in Britain. Its ancestor, the Medical and Chirurgical Society of London, was founded in 1805 when a band of malcontents seceded from the Medical Society of London. By the charter of 1834 ...

The unique role of the chief ethics officer in a sports medicine office is described and guided by the four principles of ethics, as well as the principles and codes of ethics of the American Medical Association, the International Sports Medicine Federation, and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. The ...

Conflicts between the ethical values of an organisation and the ethical values of the employees of that organisation can often lead to conflict. When the ethical values of the employee are considerably higher than those of the organisation the potential for catastrophic results is enormous. In recent years several high ...

The 18th Annual Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Biological Therapy of Cancer (iSBTc) was held at the Hyatt Regency, Bethesda, MD, close to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) campus. The meeting was organised on behalf of the society by Neil Berinstein from Aventis Pasteur, Toronto, Canada, Janice ...

Many of the exciting conceptual and scientific advances in the field of psychosomatic medicine are not taught in United States medical schools. This article, based on the Presidential Address given at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society in Phoenix, Arizona in March 2003, reviews the rationale for integrating ...

It is hypothesised and argued that "the four principles of medical ethics" can explain and justify, alone or in combination, all the substantive and universalisable claims of medical ethics and probably of ethics more generally. A request is renewed for falsification of this hypothesis showing reason to reject any one ...

In this short paper we set out to demonstrate common ground between Medical Ethics and Jurisprudence. We delineate the scope of the debate entailing juristic and medical ethical issues in stroke medicine. The article refers to joint legal and ethical issues pertaining to withholding and withdrawing life-sustaining treatment and advance ...

The papers in this number of the Journal originated in a session sponsored by the American Philosophical Association's Committee on Philosophy and Medicine in 1999. The four papers and two commentaries identify and address philosophical challenges of how we should understand and teach bioethics in the liberal arts and health ...

New medical technologies, public concern about medical ethics, and the advent of numerous ethical dilemmas in healthcare have led many medical schools to increase their formal teaching of ethics. Ethical issues in healthcare may involve a complex mix of scientific, economic, social, cultural, religious, moral and legal issues. Education in ...

OBJECTIVE: FIGO's Ethical guidelines regarding induced abortion for non-medical reasons offer guidance concerning women's right to safe abortion services and the medical community's attendant responsibilities. Ipas surveyed FIGO constituent societies to determine their agreement with the Guidelines' recommendations and their readiness to use them to improve and expand services. METHOD: ...

Introduction When a person is injured, society has almost always felt that compensation is appropriate. Payment to the person for medical and other costs; payment to the survivors for loss of a loved one and bread winner. But who should pay the compensation when it is uncertain who to blame? ...

While Western medical ethics has ancient roots in the teachings of Hippocrates, its standing in the undergraduate medical curriculum is a distinctly modern development. Today, all of the 127 accredited U.S. medical schools offer formal biomedical ethics instruction, and nearly all offer instruction in the related discipline of health law. ...

Contemporary American medical ethics was born during a period of social ferment, a key theme of which was the espousal of individual rights. Driven by complex cultural forces united in the effort to protect individuality and self-determined choices, an extrapolation from case law to rights of patients was accomplished under ...

The aim of this thesis is to examine the concept of virtue ethics in Stanley Hauerwas's understanding of virtue and delineate how that contributes to his ethical reasoning and his comprehension of medical ethics. The first chapter focuses on the shift that occurred in moral theory under the stance of ...

Because Of Increasing Concern With The Ethical Challenges To Physicians In Recent Years, A Committee Of The Council Of Medical Specialty Societies (CMSS), Under The Chairmanship Of Sara C. Charles, Md, Organized A 2-DAY Symposium On The Ethic Of Medicine In April 1997. During This Conference 6 Workgroup Sessions Were ...

Much controversy has surrounded the issue of whether clinical trials of new antipsychotic medications for the treatment of schizophrenia ought to include a placebo control group. On 18 September 1997, the authors co-chaired a symposium at the University of Toronto devoted to elucidating the issues relevant to this debate. Speakers ...

Many senior doctors have had little in the way of formal ethics training, but express considerable interest in extending their education in this area. This paper is the report of an initiative in continuing medical education in which doctors were introduced to narrative ethics. We review the theoretical basis of ...

The Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology took place in Miami Beach, Florida, from May 4-8, 1997. Over 9000 scientists attended this meeting, which covers all major aspects of prokaryotic research (basic, applied, medical, and diagnostic). Genomics discussions were a major part of the meeting agenda, with scientists ...

The author of this essay comments on the thematic block "New Medical Ethics," which appeared in the journal Drustvena istrazivanja (23-24, vol. 5, 3-4/1996), and enters upon an extended discussion on the methodological and philosophical aspects of bioethics (also called biomedical ethics and new medical ethics). The essay represents an ...