This is a brief review of several novel strategies for therapeutic approaches to axonal damage in peripheral neuropathies. Although not comprehensive, the review addresses the challenges in axonal regrowth, newly identified roadblocks to regeneration and the concept of collateral reinnervation to restore lost neurological function.

Bilateral simultaneous ruptures are rare comprising less than 1% of all Achilles tendon ruptures. Risk factors for bilateral ruptures include chronic diseases and medications such as corticosteroids and fluoroquinolones. There is little in the literature on the long-term functional outcome of bilateral Achilles tendon ruptures. This article present a series ...

Thiazolidinone is considered as a biologically important active scaffold that possesses almost all types of biological activities. Successful introduction of ralitoline as a potent anti-convulsant, etozoline as a antihypertensive, pioglitazone as a hypoglycemic agent and thiazolidomycin activity against streptomyces species proved potential of thiazolidinone moiety. This diversity in the biological ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the literature regarding the use of recombinant activated factor FVII (rFVIIa) in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). RECENT FINDINGS: The previous and recent case reports and case series suggest a potential benefit of rFVIIa in the management of severe PPH refractory to standard treatment. ...

See article in J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2012; 27: 626-641.

For those chemicals identified in point 2 above, to collect and critically analyse clinical and statistical evidence on the incidence and morbidity (clinical picture) of skin contact allergy (contact dermatitis) cases in the EU before (at least 3 years) and after the limits were set, so as to allow an ...

This literature review summarizes clinical recommendations for adequate physical activity and reviews recently published studies that focus on identifying common factors associated with physical activity levels among preschoolers in the United States and Canada. Currently, there is inconsistency in both the definition of and recommendations for physical activity. In addition, ...

  We present four cases of children less than 2 years of age, seen in four different practices, with a similar, unique, and specific presentation of diaper dermatitis, all while using Pampers Baby Dry with Drymax™ technology. To date, no reported cases exist of allergic contact dermatitis to Pampers Dryweave™ in ...

Intention is theorised as the proximal determinant of behaviour in many leading theories and yet intention-behaviour discord is prevalent. The purpose of this review was to retrieve, theme and appraise the variables that have been evaluated as the potential moderators of the intention-behaviour relationship in the physical activity (PA) domain. ...

The cavernous sinus (CS) has one of the most complex anatomical networks of the skull base and because of the diversity of its contents is involved in many pathological processes. Nevertheless, anatomical literature concerning the CS is still controversial, so a systematic literature review was performed to find out the ...

In this brief review, we explain the theoretical basis for the notion that spin-transfer torques (STTs) and giant-magnetoresistance effects can, in principle, occur in circuits containing only normal and antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials, and for the notion that antiferromagnets can play a role in STT phenomena in circuits containing both ferromagnetic ...

Incident reporting can be a powerful tool to detect weaknesses in the complex system of anaesthesiology. Having its roots in aviation, incident reporting today is used in a variety of medical disciplines at the local and even on the national level. Strength of incident reporting is the potential for learning ...

In the wake of the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005, national attention has increasingly focused on adverse-event reporting as a means of identifying systems changes to improve patient safety. However, physicians and residents have demonstrated meager involvement in this effort. In 2008-2009, the authors measured participation in ...

Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reporting has been implemented by laboratories and jurisdictions around the world. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature evaluating the association between eGFR reporting and outcomes, specifically assessing its impact on nephrology referrals and characteristics of the referred population. Eight studies ...

This article compares and contrasts two systematic reviews of t'ai chi (TC) interventions on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. The aim is to examine how chosen quality rating instruments can impact systematic reviews of TC literature. The rating instruments in the reviews, the three-item scale of Jadad et al. ...

Between 1997 and 2002, 16 cases of acute childhood leukemia were diagnosed in children who either lived in Churchill County, Nevada at the time of diagnosis or had lived in the county before their diagnosis. The cases were characterized as a cluster of like illnesses and the probability of having ...

Covering: January 2009 to December 2009. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2010, 27, 79-132.

This review will attempt to put the various systems that allow clinicians to assess errors, omissions, or avoidable incidents into context and where possible, look for areas that deserve more or less attention and resource specifically for those of us who practice pediatric anesthesia. Different approaches will be contrasted with ...

A systematic literature review was conducted to examine all academic, peer-reviewed studies of seasonal or monthly variation in the prevalence of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or eclampsia. The objective was to test the hypothesis that prevalence rates are highest during the winter months in non-tropical regions and during wet or humid ...

Covering: July 2008 to June 2010. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2009, 26, 363-381.

Covering: July 2007 to June 2010. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2009, 26, 382-445.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly prevalent functional disorder with poor understanding on its pathogenesis and pathology. China has huge amount of population and have a lot of literatures on IBS in Chinese publications. The aim of this article was to review the reported investigations on IBS in China ...

Background: The use of herbal products continues to expand rapidly across the world and concerns regarding the safety of these products have been raised. In Thailand, Thai Vigibase, developed by the Health Product Vigilance Center (HPVC) under the Thai Food and Drug Administration, is the national database that collates reports ...

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the safety of oseltamivir during the 2009 influenza pandemic. METHODS: Case reports were obtained from the Roche safety database. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) during the pandemic (1 May 2009 to 31 December 2009) was compared with that beforehand (during previous influenza seasons) for USA ...

In 1931 Carpantier reported bovine TB (BTB) in Iranian cattle. Some eighty years on with a national test-and-slaughter programme in place for over four decades, the efforts to vanquish Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) infection in cattle have been in vain as the vast majority of the 30 Iranian provinces still ...

Abstract Adults of Lecithochirium floridense (Digenea: Hemiuridae) parasitized the stomach in each of 22 necropsied lionfish, Pterois cf. volitans (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae) (prevalence = 100%, mean intensity = 11), captured in the northwestern Atlantic Ocean, off Beaufort, North Carolina (N34º14.83'; W76º35.25'). This is the first report of a digenean from the ...

AIMS: To review the literature on detection of risky drinking to compare early identification based on everyday clinical encounters with systematic screening. We also reviewed specific clinical signs that have been suggested to be used as indicators of risky drinking. METHODS: A literature review was performed in PubMed and CINAHL ...

Background: Acute rheumatic fever (ARF), a major cause of acquired heart disease worldwide, remains a significant public health problem. However, the precise incidence of ARF in Africa, where a large number of cases occur, remains unknown. We hypothesize that focused attention on non-cardiac features of ARF, namely joint manifestations and ...

The objective of the study was to compare national and state-level estimates of self-reported and observed seatbelt use for 2008. Self-reported seatbelt use from the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System was compared with 2008 observed seatbelt use published by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The ratio of self-reported ...

<span style="font-weight: bold"> <⁄span>Occupational asthma is a common, but probably under-recognized problem. <span style="font-weight: bold"> <⁄span> To identify the factors that suggest work-related asthma when a pulmonologist encounters an adult patient with new-onset asthma, and to identify the barriers to recognizing and reporting such cases. <span style="font-weight: bold"> <⁄span>A postal ...

In this pilot study, a collection of peer-reviewed articles from the Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association was analyzed by computer to identify the more commonly occurring words and phrases. The results were compared to a reference collection of general English in order to identify the vocabulary which is distinctive ...

Centralised incident reporting in a Dutch collaboration of nine out-of-hours services yielded very few incident reports. To improve incident reporting and the awareness of primary caregivers about patient safety issues, a local incident-reporting procedure was implemented. To compare the number and nature of incident reports collected in a local incident-reporting ...

BACKGROUND:: Updating a systematic review may be necessary when newer evidence is available. Several barriers to conducting updated systematic reviews have been hypothesized. AIMS:: To conduct an Internet survey to identify the relationship between author and study characteristics and the intent to update a systematic review, to quantify this relationship, ...

Since 1960, the collection and analysis of mortality data for anesthesia in Australia has been of significant benefit to practising anesthetists. These figures include pediatric deaths which fortunately have been rare and often inevitable because of severe underlying disease and patient risk factors. The reporting of critical incidents and serious ...

OBJECTIVES: We conducted an epidemiological review of the Chikungunya Fever situation in Singapore and described the measures taken to prevent the Chikungunya virus from becoming entrenched in the tropical city-state. METHODS: All laboratory confirmed cases and outbreak investigation reports maintained by the Communicable Diseases Division, Ministry of Health, and Aedes ...

The first record of Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) coniceps (Canestrini) was reported for Italy in 1877, inside the interstices of the ancient mosaics at S. Marco Basilica in Venice. Afterwards only few discoveries of the species are reported for Italy; the last record is dated back to 1984, in L'Aquila town (Abruzzo ...

Purpose The accuracy, efficiency, and efficacy of four commonly recommended medication safety assessment methodologies were systematically reviewed. Methods Medical literature databases were systematically searched for any comparative study conducted between January 2000 and October 2009 in which at least two of the four methodologies-incident report review, direct observation, chart review, ...

INTRODUCTION: The causes of Permanent Childhood Hearing Impairment (PCHI) are often quoted as being hereditary in 50%, acquired in 25%, and unknown in 25% of cases. Interest in the causes of PCHI has grown recently due to increasing diagnostic possibilities. We investigated the evidence for the reported distribution of these ...

This article explores an innovative strategy for battling the obesity epidemic. The strategy involves demonstrating to policy makers and education leaders the value of promoting physical activity in school as a way of enhancing academic-related outcomes to narrow the current achievement gap. A literature review was conducted to ascertain the ...

To ascertain characteristics of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus infection, we reviewed medical records for all suspected or confirmed cases reported in Abu Dhabi during May 2009-March 2010. Overall case-fatality rate was 1.4/100,000 population. Most patients who died had ≥1 risk factor, and female decedents were considerably younger than male decedents.

We conducted a situation analysis of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Zambia from January 2000 to April 2007. The aim of this survey was to identify districts in Zambia that were still recording cases of HAT. Three districts namely, Mpika, Chama, and Chipata were found to be still reporting cases ...

Titanium oxo-clusters, well-defined monodispersed nano-objects, are appropriate nano-building blocks for the preparation of organic-inorganic materials by a bottom up approach. This critical review proposes to present the different structures of titanium oxo-clusters referenced in the literature and the different strategies followed to build up hybrid materials with these versatile building ...

We describe three cases of non-toxigenic Corynebacterium diptheriae infection in immunocompetent adults. The strains were isolated and identified as C. diptheriae, their toxin minus status and biotype (gravis) was confirmed by the reference laboratory. Our report confirms the increasing importance of non-toxigenic C. diptheriae strains as causes of disease in ...

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a locally implemented incident-reporting procedure (IRP) in primary healthcare centres after 1&emsp14;year. Setting and participants Five primary healthcare centres caring for more than 43 000 patients in The Netherlands. GPs, medical nurses, physiotherapists, pharmacists, pharmacist assistants and trainees reported incidents (a total of 117 employees). ...

Background: It has been suggested that the perinatal period is a period of increased risk for the development and/or exacerbation of OCD and that postpartum OCD (ppOCD) presents a distinct clinical picture. This raises the possibility that ppOCD might be a distinct subtype of OCD. This review examines this contention. ...

HHS has new authority to review proposed insurance premium increases, but no real power to stop them. But at least some states without a rate review process say they welcome any support. "We are borderline at market failure," says Michael McRaith, left, director of the Illinois Department of Insurance. "The ...

To describe the use and characteristics of national confidential enquiries (NCEs) into adverse outcomes of healthcare in high-income countries and to review the evidence of their impact. Systematic search of bibliometric databases plus review of cited references and search of websites. Eleven characteristics of NCEs were extracted. Studies evaluating the ...

The development of the Ethiopian biogeographic realm since the late Miocene is here explored with the presentation and review of fossil evidence from eastern Africa. Prostrepsiceros cf. vinayaki and an unknown species of possible caprin affinity are described from the hominid-bearing Asa Koma and Kuseralee Members (∼5.7 and ∼5.2 Ma) ...

In this column, the authors review Amphotericin B incidents reported Although amphotericin B may be less commonly used today because to ISMP Canada. In particular, we focus on incidents reported to have of alternative antifungal agents available, incident reports suggest resulted in patient harm due to mix-ups between the conventional ...

Traditional tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome measures, such as cure rate, do not provide insight into the underlying reasons for missing clinical targets. We evaluated a TB Process-Based Performance Review (TB-PBPR) tool, developed to identify "missed opportunities" for timely and accurate diagnosis of TB. The tool enables performance assessment at the ...