The electronic common technical document (eCTD) format is frequently used in submitting bioanalytical information as part of a new drug application (NDA) or biologics license application (BLA). While the use of the eCTD format has many advantages, the potential for further improvement exists. This review highlights issues that are commonly ...

Background:Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL) is a relatively uncommon entity of unknown etiology characterized by symmetrically subcutaneous accumulation of nonencapsulated adipose tissue. Approximately 200 to 300 cases have been published.Objectives:The aims of this article are to report the case of a 58-year-old Brazilian patient with MSL and provide a comprehensive overview ...

The US FDA has issued safety alerts and required manufacturers of leukotriene-modifying agents (LTMAs), including montelukast, zafirlukast and zileuton, to include suicide and neuropsychiatric events as a precaution in the drug label. This paper reviews the existing evidence on the potential association between the LTMAs and suicidal behaviour. We conducted ...

Huisstede BM, Hoogvliet P, Paulis WD, van Middelkoop M, Hausman M, Coert JH, Koes BW. Effectiveness of interventions for secondary Raynaud's phenomenon: a systematic review. To present an evidence-based overview of the effectiveness of (non)surgical symptomatic interventions to treat secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, PEDro, and ...

Desmoplastic fibroma is a rare benign and locally aggressive myo fibroblastic tumour, frequently seen in the second or third decades of life. The mandible and the maxilla are infrequently involved, and the mandible is the most commonly affected of the facial bones. Nevertheless, reports of desmoplastic fibroma affecting the mandible ...

Catatonia is a movement disorder with various possible etiologies. The majority of cases are associated with an underlying mood or psychotic disorder, while others are caused by medical conditions. Currently, benzodiazepines are the first-line psychopharmacologic agents in the treatment of catatonia. However, several cases have been reported in which treatment ...

The purpose of these acoustical patent reviews is to provide enough information for a Journal reader to decide whether to seek more information from the patent itself. Any opinions expressed here are those of the reviewers as individuals and are not legal opinions. Printed copies of United States Patents may ...

To report a case of a patient treated with clozapine who developed pericarditis with pericardial effusion that resolved when the drug was discontinued. Case report of a 21-year-old man with psychotic disorder that had been stable on clozapine therapy for five months (after failure of atypical antipsyhotic agents) presented to ...

Oncocytomas of the lacrimal gland are rare tumors. We report the first documented case in Nigeria. This was an interventional case report. A complete ophthalmologic and systemic examination with available pertinent investigations was done, followed by a modified exentheration and histopathologic examination. A 60-year-old Nigerian housewife was evaluated for a ...

An amputation of the hand is a devastating injury. It adversely affects the victim's ability to earn a livelihood, support a family, and carry out daily activities. It has a great psychological impact. We report a middle aged male with an amputation at the level of the distal forearm who ...

Sialolithiasis of the minor salivary glands, especially in the lower lip, is rare. We report a case of sialolithiasis of the lower lip simulating a mucocele as well as review four additional cases affecting the lower lip and 39 cases affecting the upper lip, together with details of the clinical ...

Acquired melanocytic lesions resembling malignant melanoma have been described in all major categories of Epidermolysis bullosa and referred to as "Epidermolysis bullosa nevi''. They easily induce to diagnostic error, although no malignant transformation has been reported. We report the development of a large acquired melanocytic nevus at a site of ...

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are benign cystic lesions of the pancreas with recognised premalignant potential. An occasional feature of IPMNs is fistula formation to surrounding organs. This report describes a case of a pancreaticogastric fistula from a main duct IPMN that produced the complete resolution of the patient's symptoms.

Hypereosinophilia is a phenomenon which is associated with a broad variety of allergic, infectious, paraneoplastic and systemic diseases. Depending on the aetiology, these disorders differ in severity from self-limiting to life-threatening. Although it is well known that hypereosinophilia can occur in association with a solid tumour, exact numbers of incidence ...

Paracetamol is one of the most commonly used drugs both over the counter and on prescription. Liquid paracetamol is available over the counter all over the world. Most commonly available concentrations are 120 mg/5 ml and 250 mg/5 ml. Many parents and healthcare professionals assume that doses available in different ...

We report a case of a 47-year-old female (posthysterectomy) with bleeding per vaginam. Imaging studies showed a large abdomino-pelvic mass diagnosed as extrauterine adenomyoma with uterus-like features. This pathological entity is extremely uncommon with only few case reports available in the reported literature. This case is being highlighted for its ...

Immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is widely used for treatment and prophylaxis of superficial urothelial cancer. Complications associated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment are common. The authors describe a case of granulomatous inflammation of the penis associated with intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy, presenting with multiple erythematous and painless nodules located on the ...

We report the first case of extensive involvement of isolated intracranial Rosai-Dorfman's disease (RDD) in a child. Our case is unique because it presents with involvement of the middle cranial fossa, cavernous sinus, pituitary gland, orbit, ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. Previous cases of intracranial RDD in children have reported separate ...

Dens evaginatus (DE) and dens invaginatus (DI) are rare developmental anomalies of tooth formation. These variations in odontogenesis have been individually observed and reported in the literature. This report describes the radiographic appearance and management of a 16-year-old boy who came to the clinic with a rare occurrence of both ...

We report a rare clinical case of scrotum carcinoma and evaluate its treatment and prognosis. We describe the case of a 62 year old man who presented an ulcerated-bleeding lesion on the right side of the scrotum. The diagnostic tests found carcinoma of the scrotum. We performed surgical radical treatment ...

Simultaneous diagnoses of intussusception and appendicitis in the same patient have rarely been described in the pediatric literature. A case of a 30-month-old boy is presented with an initial diagnosis of intussusception that was successfully reduced by air contrast enema. When the patient's condition deteriorated, a diagnostic search surprisingly revealed ...

Pemphigus is a chronic epidermal immunobullous disease with potentially fatal outcome. The journey of literature on pemphigus in India has come a long way in last five decades. Pemphigus in Indian patients has unique genetic, clinical, and epidemiological differences from those in the Western countries. Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of ...

Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a relatively common skin lesion. We report a case of KA-mimicking squamous cell carcinoma in a 40-year old smoker, who was also having speckeled leukoplakia on the buccal mucosa. The present case highlights the importance of histopathological diagnosis, as the treatment in latter case is aggressive, which ...

Odontogenic tumors mainly occur as intraosseous growths but sometimes may present in a peripheral location on the gingiva where they are referred to as peripheral odontogenic tumors (POTs) which are a rare entity, the most common of them being the peripheral odontogenic fibroma that is an otherwise uncommon, slowly growing, ...

We present a case of the multicentric plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease (CD) with two rare manifestations. The patient consulted us because of cutaneous vasculitis of the lower limbs, while constitutional symptoms were nearly absent. Imaging studies also revealed pulmonary parenchymal involvement. Furthermore, our patient is the first case ...

A 2-year-old girl ingested a ballpoint pen, which was found on chest x-ray to have lodged in the lower esophagus and stomach. The pen, which measured nearly 15 cm in length, was removed via rigid esophagoscopy without complication. To the best of our knowledge, this is the longest nonflexible foreign ...

Isotretinoin and its desirable effects have received tremendous attention in recent years by scientists. This article reviews the evidence that decrease of insulin growth factor-1 is implicated as a novel mechanism of anti androgenic effect and its reported association with depression in some cases. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(7):793-794.

Pemphigoid gestationis (PG) is an uncommon autoimmune bullous disease that almost exclusively presents during pregnancy. Patients typically present with a diffuse blistering and intensely pruritic eruption that begins periumbilically and spreads to involve the rest of the body. Direct immunofluorescence demonstrating C3 in a linear pattern along the dermoepidermal junction ...

Herb induced liver injury (HILI) is a particular challenge that also applies to purported cases presumably caused by black cohosh (BC), an herb commonly used to treat menopausal symptoms. We analyzed and reviewed all published case reports and spontaneous reports of initially alleged BC hepatotoxicity regarding quality of case details ...

ABSTRACT: We examine the Tree of Life (TOL) as an evolutionary hypothesis and a heuristic. The original TOL hypothesis has failed but a new "statistical TOL hypothesis" is promising. The TOL heuristic usefully organizes data without positing fundamental evolutionary truth. Reviewers: This article was reviewed by W. Ford Doolittle, Nicholas ...

INTRODUCTION: The imaging findings of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) have been investigated in various studies; however, the features and the pattern of growth of an oesophageal GIST have been described only in a few reports. We present two cases studied by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and we review the ...

Acute or chronic arterial thrombose due to repetitive blunt trauma to the palm of the hand is a rare occupational vascular disease. In most of the cases it affects the ulnar artery and its superficial palmar branch. Repetitive crush is pathogenic and the unique anatomy of the superficial branch of ...

Intracranial extraaxial ependymomas (IEAEs) are extremely rare. We present a pediatric patient with IEAE misdiagnosed as a meningioma preoperatively, successfully treated surgically with a favorite outcome. The literature about IEAEs was briefly reviewed. Thereafter we discuss the clinical characteristics of the disease.

Yokenella regensburgei belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae and shares some biochemical characteristics with Hafnia alvei. A few case reports have suggested that it is an opportunistic pathogen, but there is no strong evidence to support its clinical importance. Until recently, it was difficult to accurately differentiate between Y. regensburgei and H. ...

Neonatal stroke is a diverse clinical entity. Terminology and aetiology described in the literature are very varied. While numerous risk factors are cited, only few case-control studies have investigated them in a systematic fashion. This equipoise extends to the investigational and management profile of perinatal stroke too. Controversy persists about ...

BACKGROUND: A tooth is ectopic if it is malpositioned due to congenital factors or displaced by the presence of pathology. Recent literature review suggests only 14 cases of ectopic mandibular third molar in the condylar region. Most have been treated using an extra-oral or endoscopic approach. Patients with an ectopic ...

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is linked inextricably to the name Jean Berger, the Parisian pathologist who published the first description of IgAN in 1968. We reflect on the significance of Berger's first report and consider 40 years of progress in our understanding of IgAN since it was published. We also ...

Tonsilloliths are rare dystrophic calcifications caused by chronic inflammation of the tonsils. They are usually small and occur on one side. Herein, we report a case involving a 75-year-old man presenting odynophagia and progressive dyspnea for days who was found by computed tomography image to have bilateral giant tonsilloliths. Hyperdensity ...

AIM: We sought to determine if, in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the description of any specific symptoms to the emergency medical dispatcher (EMD) improved the accuracy of the diagnosis of cardiac arrest. METHODS: For this systematic review, we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library with no restrictions, ...

BACKGROUND: Bilateral multiple serous retinal pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) are a very rare entity. Such conditions may be idiopathic or a presentation of some ocular and/or systemic pathologies. We report 2 unique cases of bilateral multiple serous PEDs without any known cause. Additionally, similar cases of multiple serous idiopathic PEDs ...

A case of ectopic pituitary adenoma in the sphenoid sinus associated with an empty sella is reported. The coexistence of an ectopic pituitary adenoma and an empty sella is quite rare. The diagnosis was made with an intraoperative finding of the intact dura mater of the sellar floor. In the ...

Whipple's disease (WD) is a rare multisystemic infectious disease that can involve a variety of organs namely the gastrointestinal tract, lymphatic system, heart and nervous system. Myorhythmia is a hallmark of WD. Isolated CNS involvement is very rare. We present a 50 year-old African-American woman with rapid cognitive decline, visual ...

The European Association of Tissue Banks (EATB) Donor Case Workshop and Quality System Case workshop are forums held within the program of the EATB Annual Congress. These workshops offer an opportunity to discuss and evaluate approaches taken to challenging situations, regarding donor selection and quality issues, and strengthen the professional ...

This critical review discusses recent developments in the field of cyclopropene chemistry. Although several excellent reviews that mainly focused on the thermolysis and pyrolysis as well as metal-mediated reactions of cyclopropenes have been published, significant new developments have also been achieved in recent years. This brand new review provides an ...

Cor triatriatum is a rare malformation, especially in association with tetralogy of Fallot, and has only been reported a few times in the literature. Due to the complexity of this abnormality, careful intraoperative exploration and a good differential diagnosis are crucial to select the appropriate surgical procedure. Here, we report ...

Adult hyperammonaemia is associated with severe liver disease in 90% of cases. In the remainder, noncirrhotic causes should be considered. Measurements of serum ammonia level must be part of the basic work-up in all patients presenting with encephalopathy of unknown origin, even when liver function is normal. Clinician awareness of ...

To date, only 12 cases of angiomatoid Spitz nevus have been characterized in the literature. We present the first case of angiomatoid Spitz nevus in which dermatoscopic findings are described.

Altered pupillary behavior is commonly present during and following epileptic seizures, but symptomatic pupillary hippus as the main feature of a seizure has not been reported in the modern literature. We present the case of a woman with epileptic seizures consisting of sustained fluctuation of perception of brightness. Bilateral pupillary ...

PURPOSE: Medical education literature has been found to lack key components of scientific reporting, including adequate descriptions of literature searches, thus preventing medical educators from replicating and building on previous scholarship. The purpose of this study was to examine the reproducibility of search strategies as reported in medical education literature ...

OBJECTIVE: Malignant transformation of vestibular schwannoma is considered a rare clinical entity. Radiotherapy, as a treatment option for vestibular schwannoma, is regarded as a potential risk factor for secondary malignancy. Recently, radiotherapy with dose fractionation has been proposed, intended to diminish the risk of radiation-induced neuropathy. CASE PRESENTATION: The aim ...