Beginning with the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade (1981-1990), an increasingly broad coalition of international and bilateral agencies, organizations, private companies, and other institutions have joined forces to eradicate dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease). From an estimated annual incidence of 10 million persons just before the campaign began, the ...

Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen in the United States; however, no precise data on the prevalence and incidence of chlamydia infection are available because currently no comprehensive national surveillance system exists for chlamydia. Despite the absence of such a system, states do report numbers of male ...

From 1986 through 1990, an epidemic of syphilis occurred throughout the United States. In 1991, the number of reported cases of primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis in the United States declined for the first time since 1985. To examine how this decline reflected sex-specific, race/ethnicity-specific, and regional patterns of syphilis ...

After an overview of salmonellosis, its epidemiology is described and techniques are discussed by which the disease could be brought under control. A review is made of all salmonellosis cases reported to the Department of Health Epidemiology Branch for calendar years 1987 to 1990. This data is compared with national ...

During 1992, state and territorial health departments reported 47,095 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to CDC, an increase of 3.5% over the 45,499 cases reported in 1991. As in previous years, most (50.8%) cases were attributable to transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among homosexual/bisexual men (Table 1). This ...

Since the start in 1988 of the present epidemic of kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) in western Upper Nile state in southern Sudan, the epidemiology of the disease in all parts of the Sudan where kala-azar has been reported was reassessed by the Leishmaniasis Research Group in Khartoum. In this paper, the ...

During the past decade, asthma morbidity and mortality have increased noticeably. Although the reasons for the increase are not clear, the prevalence of asthma has been reported to be increasing not only in the United States but also in other countries throughout the world, including the United Kingdom, New Zealand, ...

The epizootic of rabies in raccoons in Maryland has been accompanied by 129 confirmed cases of rabies in cats from Jan 1, 1983 to Sept 30, 1992 and only 12 cases in dogs. An epidemiologic and clinical study of rabies in cats was conducted for the period Jan 1, 1983 ...

Despite the marked decline in frequency of neurosyphilis over the past three decades in the United Kingdom, new cases continue to appear both sporadically and as a complication of HIV infection. There is clinical evidence that neurosyphilis is becoming less typical. We describe a case of neurosyphilis presenting predominantly with ...

This article presents a recently developed porcelain-fused-to-metal dental material, which combines strength and durability with aesthetics and can be used in the anterior as well as posterior regions. Developed in Europe, this system is now available in the United States and can be used in conjunction with all conventional restorations. ...

OBJECTIVE: To provide a mechanism for addressing the need for consistency and projection in overseas donation of surgical supplies, we conducted a case-by-case inventory of unused materials recovered from all surgical procedures in our facility over a 2.5-month period. DESIGN: Unused surgical supplies were recovered in coded bags from individual ...

Surveillance for Lyme disease (LD) was initiated by CDC in 1982 (1), and in 1990, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) approved a resolution making LD nationally reportable. During 1982-1991, states reported 40,195 cases of LD. In 1992, LD accounted for more than 90% of all reported vectorborne ...

The largest outbreak of typhoid fever in the United States since 1981 occurred in 1989 among guests and staff at a New York hotel. There were 43 culture-confirmed and 24 probable cases among guests, 1 culture-confirmed case and 1 asymptomatic culture-positive case among hotel employees, and 1 culture-confirmed secondary case. ...

We report a case of a 12-year-old boy with a large perianal condyloma. The lesion was found to contain both spirochetes (Warthin-Starry stain) and human papillomavirus types 6 or 11 (in situ hybridization). Because of persistent negative serologies for syphilis and lack of other clinical stigmata of syphilis, the lesion ...

Latent syphilis (i.e., the presence of serological evidence for syphilis without clinical manifestations) is divided into early latent ([EL] less than 1-year's duration) and late latent ([LL] more than 1-year's duration) stages (1). LL syphilis, which is often associated with low nontreponemal test (e.g., rapid plasma reagin [RPR]) titers and ...

BACKGROUND: The media and litigation in the United States have alleged a link between the use of injectable bovine collagen and the development of autoimmune disease, specifically dermatomyositis/polymyositis. OBJECTIVE: To present the scientific and epidemiologic data with regard to this issue. METHODS: Literature was reviewed as well as reports to ...

During 1991, reported cases of coccidioidomycosis (i.e., valley fever) in California increased more than three-fold over the annual number of cases reported since 1986; during 1992, the number of reported cases increased 10-fold. Coccidioidomycosis, a fungal disease caused by Coccidioides immitis, is endemic in certain parts of Arizona, California, Nevada, ...

29 pages (PDF version). File size: 1116.174 KB. A U.S. Bureau of Mines Mineral Land Assessment open-file report.

49 pages (PDF version). File size: 2591.497 KB. A U.S. Bureau of Mines Mineral Land Assessment open-file report.

61 pages (PDF version). File size: 3165.885 KB. A U.S. Bureau of Mines Mineral Land Assessment open-file report

327 pages (PDF version). File size: 18077.297 KB. A U.S. Bureau of Mines Mineral Land Assessment open-file report.

38 pages (PDF version). File size: 2256.485 KB. A U.S. Bureau of Mines Mineral Land Assessment open-file report.

This article presents an overview of case management activities for rural elders in the United States through an analysis of data collected from 553 case management providers in late 1990. Information about the following areas is presented: type of organization; number of staff and its educational background; definitions and goals ...

Because it appears that the last case of poliomyelitis caused by transmission of indigenous wild poliovirus occurred 2 years ago on 23 August 1991 in Peru, the challenge for PAHO is to develop a methodology of certification that will convince the rest of the world that the eradication of poliomyelitis ...

A case of urethral calculus in a child is presented. While there are several reviews of urethral stones from centers in Europe and Asia, a number of which include pediatric patients, we are not aware of descriptions of urethral calculi in childhood in patients in the United States or elsewhere ...

"The present paper shows that in the case of temporary migration the optimal investment into country specific human capital should be lower than in the case of permanent migration. Investments may not be sufficient to allow migrants' earnings to catch up with those of native workers." Earnings profiles of temporary ...

"This article reviews the literature and analyzes 1980 Census data to study English language fluency and earnings among Soviet Jews [in the United States]. The literature review reveals: 1) the importance of employment and attaining premigration occupational status for self-esteem; 2) the difficulty of adjusting to the wide range of ...

"A discussion of historic cases of ethnocentric state ideology and population transfer is presented here, followed by consideration of the development of state ideologies that underlie examples of three contemporary states in which population transfer has emerged as policy. These cases then lead to an assessment of population transfer under ...

Endodontic treatment in the United States is delivered primarily by general dentists. A dilemma often arises as to which cases should be treated and which should be referred for specialty care. The case selection system described here rates endodontic cases so that practitioners can assess those cases they are best ...

In 1990, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists and the Centers for Disease Control made Lyme disease (LD) nationally notifiable and developed a national case definition. State epidemiologists were surveyed about their State LD surveillance system. Responses were received from all States and the District of Columbia. As of ...

On August 26, 1992, a 31-year-old male resident of Tucson, Arizona, died of an illness subsequently diagnosed as primary pneumonic plague. This is the 10th case of plague reported in the United States in 1992, the first pneumonic plague case this year, and the first plague fatality reported since 1987 ...

Serum samples from 82 persons with suspected imported dengue (1) who had onset in 1991 were submitted to CDC from 27 states and the District of Columbia (Table 1, page 731). Of these, 25 (34%) cases (from 18 states) were serologically or virologically diagnosed as dengue. This report summarizes these ...

Widespread outbreaks of paralytic poliomyelitis occurred in Shandong province, China, starting from 1988. In 1989, 484 cases were recorded, which was the peak during the past 4 years. Although emergency immunization with trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) was carried out in selected counties in 1989 and 1990, control of the ...

Granuloma inguinale (GI) is a sexually transmitted disease seldom seen in the United States and Canada. We are reporting three cases recently seen in Toronto, Ontario, two in immigrants, and one in a native born Canadian who had an intimate relationship with a foreign visitor. The basic features of the ...

Raccoon rabies, epizootic among raccoons in the southeastern and mid-Atlantic states, has become an increasingly important problem in the northeastern United States. The extension of the epizootic was largely responsible for the 43% increase in the total number of reported cases of animal rabies in the United States from 1990 ...

Approximately one case of cholera per week is being reported in the United States. Most of these cases have been acquired during international travel and involve persons who return to their homelands to visit family or foreign nationals visiting relatives in the United States. This report summarizes case reports from ...

On August 23, 1991, a 2-year-old boy in the district of Junin, Peru, had onset of symptoms of culture-confirmed paralytic poliomyelitis. This is the last case of paralytic poliomyelitis with a wild poliovirus isolate reported to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the first time since reporting of poliomyelitis ...

We describe two cases of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in South America. These Brazilian patients presented with subretinal worms similar in size to those described in the southeastern United States. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis occurring outside the United States and Caribbean ...

In the spring of 1988, the largest documented US outbreak of cutaneous sporotrichosis to date occurred, with 84 cases among persons from 15 states who were exposed to Wisconsin-grown sphagnum moss used in packing evergreen tree seedlings. In New York State, 13 cases occurred among 109 forestry workers. All 13 ...

Reported cases of primary, secondary and congenital syphilis are reaching epidemic proportions in the United States. Several factors have been associated with this increase, including budget reductions for syphilis-control programs, the growing use of cocaine among women of childbearing age and the practice of trading sex with multiple partners for ...

OBJECTIVES: Leprosy remains a major health problem in many regions of the world. In the United States, although leprosy continues to be reported, approximately 90% of cases are imported (i.e., occur among immigrants and refugees). An increase in imported cases began in 1978. This study was conducted to analyze this ...

During 1991, state and local health departments reported 122 cases of human arboviral encephalitis to CDC. More than half (69) of the cases resulted from outbreaks of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) in Arkansas and Texas. In addition, an epizootic of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) extending from the Atlantic and Gulf ...

In recent months, various state legislatures have tried to revise their laws on the removal of life support in cases where the patient's decision-making capacity is compromised. The following articles summarize some of these legislative attempts, as well as a response from one faction of the Catholic Church, and a ...

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a well-recognized cause of infantile diarrhoea in the developing countries. In the developed countries, however, the incidence of EPEC associated outbreaks has dramatically declined. The last major outbreak in the UK was reported in 1980. This paper reviews the recent advances in the field of ...

The number of cases of trichinosis reported to Centers for Disease Control has declined steadily, with an average of only 44 cases per year from 1984 through 1988. This decline was almost entirely due to a reduction in cases acquired from ingestion of fresh commercial pork. However, from July 21 ...

During 1990, an estimated 4,350,000 adults--2.4% of the total U.S. adult population--were under correctional supervision* in the United States, a 75% increase since 1983 (1). From 1983 through 1989, the number of juveniles (aged 10-17 years) in custody increased 25%, from 80,091 to 99,846 (U.S. Department of Justice, personal communication, ...

Chancroid, a bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD) characterized by genital ulceration, has reemerged in the United States during the last decade. From 1950 to 1980, cases were infrequently reported. After an epidemic in California in 1981, however, the numbers of cases increased, peaking in 1987 at 5,035. Despite a subsequent ...

The epidemic of pellagra in the first half of this century at its peak produced at least 250,000 cases and caused 7,000 deaths a year for several decades in 15 southern states. It also filled hospital wards in other states, which had a similar incidence but refused to report their ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the geographic distribution of measles cases in the United States by county for the 10-year period from 1980 through 1989. DESIGN: Ecological analysis of national measles surveillance data. METHODS: Measles cases reported to the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report from 1980 through 1989 were analyzed. Data from ...

Amitrole-containing herbicides are commonly used by home and cottage owners for spraying grass. They are manufactured and distributed in the United States, Canada and throughout the world by several pharmaceutical/chemical industries under many different trade names, such as Amitrole-T, Amizol, Azolan, Cytrol and Weedazol. They have not been previously associated ...