Biological therapy with tumour necrosis factor alpha antibodies continues to offer a life-changing option for a range of autoimmune and inflammatory skin conditions. We present three cases of sarcoidosis, with refractory cutaneous disease successfully treated with infliximab. A review of the literature shows increased numbers of cases of refractory cutaneous ...

OBJECTIVE. We sought to identify and describe the number, topics, and publishing trends of systematic reviews relevant to occupational therapy indexed in the OTseeker database. METHOD. We performed a cross-sectional survey of the systematic reviews contained in OTseeker in December 2011. RESULTS. Of the 1,940 systematic reviews indexed in OTseeker, ...

Systematic reviews of the literature relevant to older adults with low vision are important to the practice of occupational therapy. This article describes the four questions that served as the focus for the systematic reviews of the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for older adults with low vision. We describe ...

Bacillus cereus can cause serious infections in immunosuppressed patients. This population may be susceptible to B. cereus pneumonia, bacteremia, cellulitis, and rarely cerebral abscess. Here we report an 8-year-old boy undergoing induction therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed multifocal B. cereus cerebral abscesses, highlighting the propensity for B. cereus ...

OBJECTIVES: Transverse myelitis (TM) is an uncommon neurologic condition characterised by the segmental involvement of the spinal cord. Although its etiology is unknown, a well established list of associations have been described, many items of which point towards an autoimmune and vasculitic process. TM is also a rare complication of ...

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with intracranial metallic objects. Theoretically, electric current might cause heating of the metal and damage of the surrounding brain tissue. Moreover, intracranial foreign objects increase the risk for epileptic phenomena and could thus complicate the treatment course. ...

: Mammary-like vulvar carcinoma represents an extremely rare disease. Here, the authors report a case of mammary-like ductal carcinoma of the vulva. A 71-year-old woman affected by stage T2N1M0 mammary-like vulvar carcinoma underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radical vulvectomy, and adjuvant antioestrogen hormone therapy. The patient is alive, 24 months after surgery, ...

Primary progressive aphasia is a neurodegenerative condition characterised by a progressive and isolated disorder of expressive language, associated with atrophy of the left posterior frontoinsular region (nonfluent/agrammatic variant) or with atrophy of the left temporoparietal junction area (logopenic variant). This literature review reports studies about language therapies for these two ...

We present the first two cases of Kingella kingae keratitis in adults. This species is a rare isolate from ophthalmic samples for which final identification was obtained with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. One of the patients recovered uneventfully with topical therapy. Results from the second one cannot be ...

BACKGROUND: Small-volume boluses of intravenous hypertonic saline are the recommended therapy for exercise-associated hyponatremic encephalopathy (EAHE). Failure to properly diagnose and treat EAHE has been associated with significant morbidity and death. To prevent this, current consensus statement guidelines recommend up to three 100-mL boluses of 3% NaCl spaced at 10-min ...

OBJECTIVE: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been identified as a common cause of hip pain in young adults. However, it is not known if an effective non-operative treatment exists and if there is any evidence to support such a treatment. TYPE: Systematic Review PURPOSE: Establish if non-operative treatments exist for FAI ...

Imatinib mesylate selectively inhibits bcr/abl and other non-specific tyrosine kinases, such as c-kit and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor and successfully used to treat chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). In most cases, the drug is well tolerated: however, side effects can be seen. Hair loss and paronychia inflammation were often ...

ABSTRACT: A peer-reviewed journal would not survive without the generous time and insightful comments of the reviewers whose efforts often go unrecognized. AIDS Research and Therapy has been blessed by the support of highly qualified peer reviewers and would like to show its appreciation by thanking the following for their ...

Laryngeal chondromas are uncommon, benign, slow-growing neoplasms with few reports in the literature. Vocal fold chondromas are even more rare, and all reported cases are unilateral. Here, we present the first case of bilateral vocal fold chondromas. Detailed evaluation, careful resection with phonomicrosurgery technique, and perioperative voice therapy are considered ...

Thoracobiliary fistulas are pathological communications between the biliary tract and the bronchial tree (bronchobiliary fistulas) or the biliary tract and the pleural space (pleurobiliary fistulas). We have reviewed aetiology, pathogenesis, predilection formation points, the clinical picture, diagnostic possibilities, and therapeutic options for thoracobiliary fistulas. A patient with an iatrogenic bronchobiliary ...

In recent years, penile traction therapy (PTT) has gained considerable interest as a novel nonsurgical treatment option for men with Peyronie's disease (PD) and short penises. The current published literature suggests that selected cases of PD may benefit from a conservative approach with PTT, resulting in increased penile length and ...

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate from the literature, the evidence of comparative efficiency of non-surgical treatments (orthotics or head repositioning therapy) in posterior positional plagiocephaly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Systematic review from scientific articles (original cohort studies and review of literature), published in French or in English, searched on five online literature data bases, ...

We report a case of a male newborn with Schimmelpenning syndrome, which presented as diffuse sebaceous nevi covering the left side of the body, from the lower chin midface to the lower leg; cardiac-ocular comorbidities were also present. We present photographs of this patient's sebaceous nevi, which may assist physicians ...

ABSTRACT: We report the case of a 50-year-old man who exhibited transient left hemiparesis (Todd's paralysis) after electroconvulsive therapy, which completely resolved within 10 minutes. Subsequent neurological evaluation was unremarkable for discrete etiologies for this event, other than Todd's paralysis. We review the literature of this phenomenon in association with ...

Splenosis is a common benign condition that occurs after splenic rupture via trauma or surgery. The mechanism behind splenic cell autotransplantation begins with the splenic rupture, either from trauma or surgical removal. Splenosis is usually found incidentally and, unless symptomatic, surgical therapy is not indicated. Subcutaneous splenosis is an extremely ...

We present two patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (FAB AML-M7 and AML-M2) complicated by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and relevant literature review. To our knowledge, our first case is the first and youngest patient having AML-M7 associated with HLH reported in the literature. Our cases and cases in the literature highlight ...

Radiation proctitis is a frequent complication of pelvic radiation for cancer. This condition can present acutely within several weeks of radiation, or chronically many months or years after radiation, leading to rectal bleeding and transfusion-dependent anemia. Various medical and endoscopic therapies have been described to treat this condition; however, some ...

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a rare complication of intermediate uveitis. Risk factors are not well-characterized. Here, we describe a case of peripapillary CNV in a patient with intermediate uveitis and explore the pathophysiology and treatment of this condition. This study is a case report and review of the literature. A ...

We report a rare case of a deep stromal keratitis with a chronic indolent course, diagnosed as microsporidial keratitis from corneal scrapings. The patient's condition worsened despite medical therapy and penetrating keratoplasty was performed. The histopathology of the corneal tissue revealed multiple microsporidial spores in the posterior stroma and the ...

This review begins with the question "What is childhood trauma?" Diagnosis is discussed next, and then the article focuses on treatment, using 3 basic principles-abreaction, context, and correction. Treatment modalities and complications are discussed, with case vignettes presented throughout to illustrate. Suggestions are provided for the psychiatrist to manage countertransference ...

To present our experience with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) seeding of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) sites and to review all reported cases to identify risk factors and develop strategies for complication avoidance. The records of 4 patients with PEG site metastasis from HNSCC were identified from the ...

Abstract Objective. The aim was to review the literature on aggressive periodontitis diagnosed during or before the initiation of orthodontic treatment and to propose preventive recommendations before, during and after orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods. Literature searches of free text and MeSH terms were performed by using PubMed, Embase and ...

To present the diagnostic, clinical features, and management of Kienbock's disease and create awareness of the differential diagnosis of this condition in patients presenting with insidious, progressive dorsal wrist pain. A 23-year old male varsity football player presented with insidious progressive dorsal sided wrist pain with reduced wrist flexion and ...

Abstract Fournier's gangrene is a rare polymicrobial necrotising soft tissue infection affecting the perineum and scrotum. It is rapidly progressive, destructive and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Management protocol includes prompt diagnosis, early institution of antibiotic therapy and adequate wound debridement, usually requiring multiple operations. Rapid accurate diagnosis is ...

Significant scientific advances have been made over the last five years in the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia and understanding how monosodium urate (MSU) crystals provoke gout. New detection methods using ultrasound (US) have been evaluated and may become part of our routine diagnostic approach in a patient presenting with gout. This ...

PURPOSE: Infantile hemangiomas are benign vascular neoplasms that can cause numerous functional or cosmetic problems. The purpose of the present study is to review the pathogenesis of hemangioma and to compare the efficacy and complications related to therapy of infantile hemangiomas with propranolol versus corticosteroids. METHOD: A comprehensive review of ...

Objective: To review the current therapy for granuloma annulare and report a case of refractory generalized granuloma annulare successfully treated with excimer laser. A discussion about the characteristics of excimer laser and the mechanism of its effectiveness is presented. Design: Patient case report and literature review. Setting: Outpatient dermatology practice. ...

Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis is a rare complication of intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) therapy for urothelial cancer of the bladder. We present such a case, describe its sonographic appearance and review the literature. The difficulties in diagnosing this condition based on imaging alone, given the extensive overlap with the appearance of bacterial ...

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common and often serious complication of long standing ascites in the presence of advanced liver disease.1 We report a case of a 51- year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis admitted to our department with jaundice, ascitis and lower limbs edema. A diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial ...

Thermal ablation is an accepted alternative for the palliation of pain from bone metastases. Although rare, neurologic complications after thermal ablation have been reported. We present four cases, including two cases of rapid reversal of postcryoablation neurapraxia after the administration of steroid therapy, and review the literature.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate whether there is a relationship between antimicrobial therapy and the development of thrombocytosis.DATA SOURCES:Literature was accessed through EMBASE (1977-June 2012) and MEDLINE (1977-June 2012) using the terms thrombocytosis and antimicrobial. In addition, reference citations from publications identified were reviewed.STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:All English-language publications identified were evaluated. ...

ABSTRACT: Radiation therapy is an established modality in the treatment of head and neck cancer patients. Compromised wound healing in irradiated tissues is a common and challenging clinical problem. The pathophysiology and underlying cellular mechanisms including the complex interaction of cytokines and growth factors are still not understood completely. In ...

Tetanus is a neuromuscular disease in which Clostridium tetani exotoxin (tetanospasmin) produces muscle spasms incapacitating its host. To our knowledge, Clostridium tetani bacteremia has never been reported in the literature. The ideal management of this entity remains unresolved given that there is no literature to guide the therapy.

Cisapride is a gastrointestinal prokinetic that facilitates or restores motility along the entire gastrointestinal tract. It has been used successfully to treat acute and chronic intestinal pseudo-obstructions (CIPs) in adults, but there is a paucity of literature surrounding the treatment of CIP in pediatric patients and therapies for CIP are ...

Testosterone deficiency or hypogonadism is a common finding in men undergoing dialysis, to a great extent a consequence of the failing kidney per se. Testosterone restoration in hypogonadism is common practice among endocrinologists. However, there is currently little awareness of this condition among both uremic patients and nephrologists, and in ...

Sunitinib is one of the standard targeted therapies used in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It is generally a reasonably tolerated oral systemic therapy but can be occasionally associated with life-threatening toxicities. We present a case of reversible posterior encephalopathy, which is a rare but recognised side effect of the treatment.

Isolated pulmonary vein atresia without associated congenital malformation is a very rare condition in adults. It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Recurrent pulmonary infections, dyspnea on exertion and hemoptysis may be the presenting complaints. Owing to the limited number of patients with this condition there may be some ...

Discal (intraspinal extradural) cysts which communicate with intervertebral disk are uncommon cause of lumbar radiculopathy, especially in pediatric patients. Only three pediatric cases have been reported in the literature. A 15-year-old boy presented with acute onset left-sided S1 radiculopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine revealed a well-defined round ...

The hypothesis that alterations in hormone levels can impact on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is rapidly gaining momentum. Specifically, the concept that post-menopausal women are more susceptible to the condition has convinced many of the protective roles of estrogen and progesterone. Here we review the mechanisms of their actions and the ...

Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a treatment modality available for several of the lysosomal storage diseases including mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II). We report a series of patients with MPS II (n=5, age range at the start of ERT 11-21years, median 15years) and the effects of ERT cessation (range 2-8months, ...

ABSTRACT: A previously healthy 4-year-old boy presented to the emergency department at the Children's Hospital of Alabama with pneumonia caused by Pneumococcus infection and rapid progression to circulatory collapse. He was described as previously healthy except for being a "picky eater" and has been taking Megace (megestrol acetate) as an ...

BACKGROUND: Since 2004, a new wave of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) known as "Spice drugs" has come under scrutiny because of their suspected link to neurological and psychiatric sequelae. These "herbal incense" or "potpourri blends" have gained popularity as a result of being more potent than natural cannabinoids, are not detected ...

Urbach-Wiethe disease (UWD) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by both neurological and dermatological manifestations. Face specially eyelids are commonly involved. Alopecia, nail dystrophy and dental anomalies have been reported as less frequent symptoms. Some patients show evidences of epilepsy and psychiatric symptoms such as schizophrenia, mood disorders, and anxiety ...

Purpose:  An International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) consensus classification system for focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) has been published in 2011 specifying clinicopathologic FCD variants. The aim of the present work was to microscopically assess interobserver agreement and intraobserver reproducibility for FCD categories among an international group of neuropathologists with different ...

Postictal psychoses are common comorbid conditions of temporal lobe epilepsy and are reported to be characterized by affective changes. However, postictal psychoses are rare among patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, and the causal relationship between postictal psychoses and idiopathic generalized epilepsy is unknown. Here, we report the case of a ...