Segmental vitiligo and generalized vitiligo are in general considered to be separate entities. The etiopathogenesis of segmental vitiligo remains unclear, although several hypotheses have been put forward including mainly neuronal mechanisms. The typical association with other auto-immune diseases as seen in generalized vitiligo, seems to be significantly less in segmental ...

Subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (SIDP) is an acquired immune-mediated peripheral polyneuropathy with clinical course between 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Rare childhood cases with SIDP had been described in the current literature. We report the first case of childhood SIDP in Taiwan with thorough clinical studies. All of the clinical ...

BACKGROUND: In 2004 the Clinical Consult Case Review (CCCR) working group was formed within the CDC-funded Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Network to review individual cases of adverse events following immunizations (AEFI). METHODS: Cases were referred by practitioners, health departments, or CDC employees. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) searches ...

The review briefly describes the evolution of hypotheses about cronic thyroiditis, the escape of colloid hypothesis, basement membrane destruction, the auto-immune theory and the role of disregulatory genes.

The purpose of this integrated review of the literature was to summarize the evidence surrounding the effectiveness of rapid response teams. Studies included in this review were written within the last 10 years, in English, and examined the effectiveness of having a rapid response team. Pediatric studies were excluded from ...

A case of ectopia cordis (EC) with gastroschisis in a 27-year-old primigravida was diagnosed at 10(3/7) weeks of gestation. The pregnancy was terminated by suction dilatation and curettage. With the increasing use of first trimester ultrasonography, early detection of fetal abnormalities is becoming more frequent. We review other published cases ...

Summary We reviewed the role of peripartum hysterectomy (PH) in the first decade of the 21st century. The study was confined to women who delivered a baby weighing 500 g or more between 2000 and 2009, and who required a hysterectomy within 72 h of delivery for obstetric reasons. Individual case records ...

Abstract Objective. To conduct an audit of the Omniview-SisPorto® central monitoring station (CMS) and determine the effect of the measures undertaken to correct identified problems. Methods. All cardiotocograms (CTGs) recorded in randomly selected days of 2006 and 2009, both in the outpatient clinic and labor ward, were reviewed to assess the following ...

Proximal femoral focal deficiency (PFFD) represents a rare and complex deformity manifested by hyoplasia of variable portion of the femur with shortening of the entire limb. The condition may be unilateral or bilateral and is often associated with other congenital anomalies. The recent technological advances in ultrasound imaging offer the ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate (1) diagnostic performance of intracranial translucency (IT) for detection of open spina bifida (SB) and (2) interobserver agreement for visualization of IT during the 11-13 week scan. METHODS: This is a retrospective study in a tertiary referral centre. Two hundred 11-13 week nuchal translucency scans performed by ...

OBJECTIVES: We reviewed all cases with fetal skeletal dysplasia and correlated the accuracy of prenatal diagnoses with the final post-mortem, radiological, or molecular diagnoses. The accuracy of prenatal prediction of lethality was also reviewed. METHODS: All cases of fetal skeletal dysplasia referred between October 2002 and August 2010 were reviewed. ...

As fetal intracranial vessels may persist into adulthood, knowledge of their anatomy and potential clinical and surgical complications should be borne in mind by the surgeon. A comprehensive review of these vessels, however, is not easily identified in the literature. Therefore, the present analysis was undertaken so that such information ...

In a recently published randomized clinical trial on intrapartum fetal monitoring, fetal blood samples were obtained in 879 women. One serious complication of fetal blood sampling (FBS) was reported, a case in which physical examination of the neonate after delivery revealed clear fluid loss from the incision site. Four layers ...

BACKGROUND: To present a successful case of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and single embryo transfer (SET) in a kidney transplant (NTX) patient and review of the literature. METHODS: Case report and review of the literature. SETTING: IVF-Unit in a university medical center. PATIENT(S): A 31 year-old nulliparous woman with primary infertility ...

We report a rare case of oral mass (epignathus) with intracranial extension originally suspected antenatally at 16 weeks' gestation because of a persistent open mouth. Postmortem MRI and pathologic examination of the fetus confirmed an oral teratoma with bilateral ventricular dilatation, corpus callosum agenesis, and a neuroepithelial intracranial cyst. The ...

We report a rare case of oral mass (epignathus) with intracranial extension originally suspected antenatally at 16 weeks' gestation because of a persistent open mouth. Postmortem MRI and pathologic examination of the fetus confirmed an oral teratoma with bilateral ventricular dilatation, corpus callosum agenesis, and a neuroepithelial intracranial cyst. The ...

I review the main models of disability and introduce a line of reasoning that has been neglected in the debate concerning disability and disadvantage. My reasoning suggests that while disablism can and should be combated, success will require more challenging transformations than those featured in the literature.

The dermatologist's procedure ("procedure for early detection of occupational skin diseases") enables dermatologists to conduct the relevant diagnostics at the expenses of the statutory employers' liability insurance funds (UVT) if there is a possibility of a work-related skin disorder in an employee. Acceptance of this most relevant tool for secondary ...

As reflected in the literature, the use of dermal filler agents has increased substantially over the last decade. Consequently, these agents are more frequently encountered on histopathologic examination. A variety of dermal fillers can be readily identified histopathologically, and the accurate identification of these agents is a critical task for ...

Cases of human exposure to veterinary injectable anaesthetics were reviewed following a literature search and completion of an online questionnaire in an attempt to provide an objective approach to the problem. The modified Glasgow Coma Scale was used to rank cases according to their severity. From the cases examined, results ...

The safe administration of conscious sedation in a patient with a critical airway who underwent awake tracheotomy using dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha(2)-agonist with sympatholytic, anxiolytic, analgesic, and sedative properties, is presented. Unlike other commonly used sedative agents, dexmedetomidine provided adequate sedation with minimal respiratory depression.

This paper examines the use of case studies as teaching strategies to promote critical thinking. Critical thinking and case studies are defined as teaching method. The benefits and limitations of case studies are also discussed. The literature review investigates research studies that have indicated how case studies facilitate and promote ...

The current report of the Policy and Planning Board is not about rethinking the Strategic Plan. Rather, the goal of this report is to reflect on what APA is, who and what it serves, and how it can prepare itself for action to address the changes that are coming-changes initiated ...

OBJECTIVE: In this article we provide a basic guide to reading scientific articles that we hope will improve the reader's ability to read and critically appraise the primary literature. CONCLUSION: We provided a series of guidelines and questions to consider when reading the primary literature. This guide is intended to ...

BACKGROUND: The authors report the morphological and neuroimaging findings of an immature human fossil (Cranium 14) diagnosed with left lambdoid synostosis. DISCUSSION: The skull was recovered at the Sima de los Huesos site in Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain). Since the human fossil remains from this site have been dated to a ...

The aim of this article was to critically examine the case for using film dressings with a particular emphasis on two dressing manufactured by Paul Hartmann Ltd: Hydrofilm and Hydrofilm Plus. The authors undertook a review of the current published evidence and present four case studies where Hydrofilm and Hydrofilm ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine if peer review conducted under real-world conditions is systematically biased. STUDY DESIGN: A repeated-measures design was effectively created when two board-certified obstetrician-gynecologists reviewed the same 26 medical records of patients treated by the same physician, and provided written evaluations of each ...

Limb Ischaemia is an exceptional complication of catecholamine toxicity caused by a phaeochromocytoma. We present a middle-aged female patient with severe subacute peripheral ishaemia, gangrene and eventual amputation of all four distal limbs due to a large non-metastatic left adrenal gland phaeochromocytoma and summarise the available literature concerning previously reported ...

The case of Ashley X involved a young girl with profound and permanent developmental disability who underwent growth attenuation using high-dose estrogen, a hysterectomy, and surgical removal of her breast buds. Many individuals and groups have been critical of the decisions made by Ashley's parents, physicians, and the hospital ethics ...

Abnormal placentation is a serious complication of pregnancy. The disorder is also associated with significant maternal morbidity. Abnormal placentation, comprised of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta, is a leading cause of postpartum hemorrhage and indication for gravid hysterectomy. We present five cases of successful conservative and surgical management of abnormal ...

The Journal of Infectious Diseases thanks its many reviewers for their valuable advice and criticism.

Hand gangrene following vascular cannula placement is uncommon and is usually the result of thrombotic occlusion of an artery. We describe a case of hand gangrene resulting in wrist disarticulation, following multiple unsuccessful attempts at internal jugular vein cannulation in a critically ill patient.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate the effect of epidural analgesia on breastfeeding. RECENT FINDINGS: Alarming messages were sent out following a retrospective study indicating that epidural analgesia caused more breastfeeding failures. The limitations of this study were reviewed as well as the critical importance of good lactation support. SUMMARY: There ...

PURPOSE: The primary responsibility of institutional review boards is to protect human research subjects and, therefore, ensure that studies are performed in accordance with a standard set of ethical principles. A number of groups have compared the responses of institutional review boards in multicenter clinical trials involving medical therapies. To ...

Final Report issued December 26, 1985

Current trends in marine ecosystems need to be interpreted against a solid understanding of the magnitude and drivers of past changes. Over the last decade, marine scientists from different disciplines have engaged in the emerging field of marine historical ecology to reconstruct past changes in the sea. Here we review ...

To improve understanding of the aetiology and epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis, over 8,000 Cryptosporidium isolates were submitted for typing to the species level over a four year period. The majority were either Cryptosporidium parvum (45.9%) or Cryptosporidium hominis (49.2%). Dual infection occurred in 40 (0.5%) cases and six other known ...

AIM: In the earliest records of human religion, castration was regarded as an act of devotion. Moreover, the ritual of circumcision is still followed by many modern religions. In this article, we have exposed the archeological, historical, cultural and religious evidence between the ancient ritual of castration and circumcision. MATERIALS ...

While Southeast Asia and northern Australia are well recognized as the major endemic regions for melioidosis, recent reports have expanded the endemic zone. Severe weather events and environmental disasters such as the 2004 Asian tsunami have unmasked locations of sporadic cases and have reconfirmed endemicity in Indonesia. The endemic region ...

WE SURVEYED IRB CHAIRS IN THE United States to ascertain whether their IRBs have clarity regarding their FDA-mandated role in reviewing humanitarian use device (HUD) applications, which are neither research devices nor fully tested treatments. Of 2,588 Chairs, 469 (18%) completed the survey, almost half of whom (44%) reported review ...

We report the onset of an urban epidemic of human myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. To our knowledge, this is the first urban epidemic described for D. hominis. The epidemic was most likely related to exceptional weather conditions and notably high rainfall in January 2000, which may have facilitated the ...

Though the need for human-subjects review is readily apparent to investigators when conducting a randomized clinical trial, that same requirement is often less obvious when considering activities such as chart reviews, observational studies, or even case reports. In some cases all that is needed is notification of the institutional review ...

This study is concerned with the characteristics of regular (isotropic) percolation clusters above the critical threshold p{c}. Analytic arguments for the general dimension case, and numerical results for the two-dimensional case, lead to the conclusion that the characteristics of the shortest paths (defined as the chemical distance l) between given ...

Abstract Brachyspira pilosicoli is the etiologic agent of human and animal intestinal spirochetosis and is rarely implicated as a cause of bacteremia. Here, we describe the case of a B. pilosicoli spirochetemia in a 53-year-old male patient suffering from cardiogenic shock. This fastidious bacterium was isolated from blood, likely after ...

The current paper critically reviews the empirical literature focused on the association between puberty and anxiety. A detailed review of more than 45 empirical articles is provided. There is some evidence that among girls, but not boys, a more advanced pubertal status (controlling for age) is associated with higher reported ...

This article provides a clearer understanding of how to use the monitoring report, a monthly statement of how the department is performing compared to the budget, to move the department forward. Critical items discussed in relation to the report include revenue, salaries, benefits, supplies, services, utilities, leases and rentals, and ...

This article reports a case of extraradicular actinomycosis that clearly formed a continuum with the intraradicular infection. Histobacteriologic and histopathologic analyses of the root tip and attached apical periodontitis lesion obtained by surgery from a tooth with persistent disease were performed to look for the possible reasons for persistent disease. ...

OBJECTIVE: The normal pituitary production of human chorionic gonadotropin alongside luteinizing hormone, measurable in menopausal serum and urine was initially reported over 3 decades ago and has been described in numerous subsequent publications. Unfortunately, delays or cancellations of important medical procedures and use of needless chemotherapy still occurs because of ...

Augmentation material used in plastic surgery such as facelift procedures can be radiopaque and thus become visible on extra- and intraoral radiographs. These objects may obscure anatomical structures and mask critical findings, therefore leading to potential misinterpretation of otherwise successful images. The present report describes a case in which the ...

Walking assist systems should cope with both the external perturbation caused by slips, uneven terrain, slopes, and obstacles, and local function impairment caused by internal factors, like spastic paralysis. It is known that humans are able to cope with these difficulties by different strategies. One is that in the case ...