Abstract Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are still used for the prevention and treatment of malaria. Moreover, they are experiencing a renaissance in the long-term therapy of connective tissue diseases (particularly in systemic lupus erythematosus). They induce a lysosomal dysfunction with an accumulation of pathologic metabolic products, which can be seen in ...

Methamphetamine is a synthetic stimulant that can adversely affect the central nervous system and the immune system. Through various mechanisms, methamphetamine is toxic to neurons, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, granulocytes, and macrophages resulting in systemic damage. Reported is the sudden demise of an otherwise healthy 31-year-old woman with a history of ...

This short review is derived from the peer-reviewed literature and the experience and case materials of the authors. Brief illustrated summaries are presented on the gross and histologic normal anatomy of rodent and macaque placentas, including typical organ weights, with comments on differences from the human placenta. Common incidental findings, ...

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate and review the literature surrounding serotonin toxicity in patients receiving linezolid and determine the clinical relevance of this reaction.DATA SOURCES:Literature was accessed via MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar (both through February 2013) using the search terms linezolid, serotonin syndrome, serotonin toxicity, and adverse reaction.STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:Relevant case ...

This case series details clinical observations in 7 survivors of accidental hydrogen sulphide inhalation toxicity at a petroleum refinery in Sri Lanka. One survivor developed status epilepticus and severe neurotoxicity whilst another survivor developed delayed respiratory failure; both patients required intensive care management. One victim manifested mild bronchospasms in the ...

A known complication of Amiodarone therapy is Amiodarone induced Pulmonary Toxicity (APT). Several features of this adverse effect make it difficult to diagnosis and treat. The case of a 63-year-old male with classic radiographic and histologic findings of APT is discussed. Clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnostic findings, and treatment strategies are ...

An expert peer consultation panel reviewed a report by the PAC Analysis Task Group, which hypothesized that systemic, developmental, and reproductive toxicity observed in repeated-dose dermal toxicity studies was related to polycyclic aromatic compound (PAC) content. Peer consultations seek to solicit scientific and technical input from experts on the scientific ...

  Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are some of the most serious, usually drug-induced, skin reactions. We report a case of severe toxic epidermal necrolysis in a child, which in addition to ophthalmic sequelae, caused extensive hypertrophic scarring of the skin. Such a course is uncommon and has rarely ...

Acute methotrexate toxicity rarely presents as medical emergency in form of multiorgan failure. Acute pneumonitis following low-dose methotrexate is rarely reported in literature. It is important to recognize this, as the drug must be discontinued immediately and rescue measures in form of folinic acid and hydration instituted promptly.

We report the use of vancomycin laden antibiotic cement beads in a patient with calcaneal osteomyelitis who had prior acute kidney injury (AKI). The patient experienced non-oliguric renal failure after exposure to intravenous vancomycin and recovered well after antibiotic discontinuation and adequate hydration. We are not aware of any similar ...

To report laser pointer induced damage to retina and choroid and briefly review literature. A case report of a 13-year old Caucasian boy developed blurry central vision and central scotoma in right eye (OD). He was exposed for one minute to class IIIA green laser pointer of 650 nm wavelength and ...

To report a case of anterior segment ischemia (ASI) with rubeosis iridis after circular buckling surgery in a highly-myopic patient which was successfully treated with a second intravitreal bevacizumab injection. Case report and review of the literature. ASI is a rare but potentially serious complication of posterior segment surgery. Finally ...

Segmental vitiligo and generalized vitiligo are in general considered to be separate entities. The etiopathogenesis of segmental vitiligo remains unclear, although several hypotheses have been put forward including mainly neuronal mechanisms. The typical association with other auto-immune diseases as seen in generalized vitiligo, seems to be significantly less in segmental ...

Subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (SIDP) is an acquired immune-mediated peripheral polyneuropathy with clinical course between 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Rare childhood cases with SIDP had been described in the current literature. We report the first case of childhood SIDP in Taiwan with thorough clinical studies. All of the clinical ...

BACKGROUND: In 2004 the Clinical Consult Case Review (CCCR) working group was formed within the CDC-funded Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Network to review individual cases of adverse events following immunizations (AEFI). METHODS: Cases were referred by practitioners, health departments, or CDC employees. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) searches ...

The review briefly describes the evolution of hypotheses about cronic thyroiditis, the escape of colloid hypothesis, basement membrane destruction, the auto-immune theory and the role of disregulatory genes.

The purpose of this integrated review of the literature was to summarize the evidence surrounding the effectiveness of rapid response teams. Studies included in this review were written within the last 10 years, in English, and examined the effectiveness of having a rapid response team. Pediatric studies were excluded from ...

A case of ectopia cordis (EC) with gastroschisis in a 27-year-old primigravida was diagnosed at 10(3/7) weeks of gestation. The pregnancy was terminated by suction dilatation and curettage. With the increasing use of first trimester ultrasonography, early detection of fetal abnormalities is becoming more frequent. We review other published cases ...

Summary We reviewed the role of peripartum hysterectomy (PH) in the first decade of the 21st century. The study was confined to women who delivered a baby weighing 500 g or more between 2000 and 2009, and who required a hysterectomy within 72 h of delivery for obstetric reasons. Individual case records ...

Abstract Objective. To conduct an audit of the Omniview-SisPorto® central monitoring station (CMS) and determine the effect of the measures undertaken to correct identified problems. Methods. All cardiotocograms (CTGs) recorded in randomly selected days of 2006 and 2009, both in the outpatient clinic and labor ward, were reviewed to assess the following ...

Proximal femoral focal deficiency (PFFD) represents a rare and complex deformity manifested by hyoplasia of variable portion of the femur with shortening of the entire limb. The condition may be unilateral or bilateral and is often associated with other congenital anomalies. The recent technological advances in ultrasound imaging offer the ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate (1) diagnostic performance of intracranial translucency (IT) for detection of open spina bifida (SB) and (2) interobserver agreement for visualization of IT during the 11-13 week scan. METHODS: This is a retrospective study in a tertiary referral centre. Two hundred 11-13 week nuchal translucency scans performed by ...

OBJECTIVES: We reviewed all cases with fetal skeletal dysplasia and correlated the accuracy of prenatal diagnoses with the final post-mortem, radiological, or molecular diagnoses. The accuracy of prenatal prediction of lethality was also reviewed. METHODS: All cases of fetal skeletal dysplasia referred between October 2002 and August 2010 were reviewed. ...

As fetal intracranial vessels may persist into adulthood, knowledge of their anatomy and potential clinical and surgical complications should be borne in mind by the surgeon. A comprehensive review of these vessels, however, is not easily identified in the literature. Therefore, the present analysis was undertaken so that such information ...

In a recently published randomized clinical trial on intrapartum fetal monitoring, fetal blood samples were obtained in 879 women. One serious complication of fetal blood sampling (FBS) was reported, a case in which physical examination of the neonate after delivery revealed clear fluid loss from the incision site. Four layers ...

To present a successful case of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and single embryo transfer (SET) in a kidney transplant (NTX) patient and review of the literature. Case report and review of the literature. IVF-Unit in a university medical center. A 31 year-old nulliparous woman with primary infertility and a history of ...

The Journal of Infectious Diseases thanks its many reviewers for their valuable advice and criticism.

We report a rare case of oral mass (epignathus) with intracranial extension originally suspected antenatally at 16 weeks' gestation because of a persistent open mouth. Postmortem MRI and pathologic examination of the fetus confirmed an oral teratoma with bilateral ventricular dilatation, corpus callosum agenesis, and a neuroepithelial intracranial cyst. The ...

We report a rare case of oral mass (epignathus) with intracranial extension originally suspected antenatally at 16 weeks' gestation because of a persistent open mouth. Postmortem MRI and pathologic examination of the fetus confirmed an oral teratoma with bilateral ventricular dilatation, corpus callosum agenesis, and a neuroepithelial intracranial cyst. The ...

I review the main models of disability and introduce a line of reasoning that has been neglected in the debate concerning disability and disadvantage. My reasoning suggests that while disablism can and should be combated, success will require more challenging transformations than those featured in the literature.

The dermatologist's procedure ("procedure for early detection of occupational skin diseases") enables dermatologists to conduct the relevant diagnostics at the expenses of the statutory employers' liability insurance funds (UVT) if there is a possibility of a work-related skin disorder in an employee. Acceptance of this most relevant tool for secondary ...

As reflected in the literature, the use of dermal filler agents has increased substantially over the last decade. Consequently, these agents are more frequently encountered on histopathologic examination. A variety of dermal fillers can be readily identified histopathologically, and the accurate identification of these agents is a critical task for ...

Cases of human exposure to veterinary injectable anaesthetics were reviewed following a literature search and completion of an online questionnaire in an attempt to provide an objective approach to the problem. The modified Glasgow Coma Scale was used to rank cases according to their severity. From the cases examined, results ...

The safe administration of conscious sedation in a patient with a critical airway who underwent awake tracheotomy using dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha(2)-agonist with sympatholytic, anxiolytic, analgesic, and sedative properties, is presented. Unlike other commonly used sedative agents, dexmedetomidine provided adequate sedation with minimal respiratory depression.

This paper examines the use of case studies as teaching strategies to promote critical thinking. Critical thinking and case studies are defined as teaching method. The benefits and limitations of case studies are also discussed. The literature review investigates research studies that have indicated how case studies facilitate and promote ...

The current report of the Policy and Planning Board is not about rethinking the Strategic Plan. Rather, the goal of this report is to reflect on what APA is, who and what it serves, and how it can prepare itself for action to address the changes that are coming-changes initiated ...

In this article we provide a basic guide to reading scientific articles that we hope will improve the reader's ability to read and critically appraise the primary literature. We provided a series of guidelines and questions to consider when reading the primary literature. This guide is intended to help individuals ...

The authors report the morphological and neuroimaging findings of an immature human fossil (Cranium 14) diagnosed with left lambdoid synostosis. The skull was recovered at the Sima de los Huesos site in Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain). Since the human fossil remains from this site have been dated to a minimum age ...

The aim of this article was to critically examine the case for using film dressings with a particular emphasis on two dressing manufactured by Paul Hartmann Ltd: Hydrofilm and Hydrofilm Plus. The authors undertook a review of the current published evidence and present four case studies where Hydrofilm and Hydrofilm ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine if peer review conducted under real-world conditions is systematically biased. STUDY DESIGN: A repeated-measures design was effectively created when two board-certified obstetrician-gynecologists reviewed the same 26 medical records of patients treated by the same physician, and provided written evaluations of each ...

Limb Ischaemia is an exceptional complication of catecholamine toxicity caused by a phaeochromocytoma. We present a middle-aged female patient with severe subacute peripheral ishaemia, gangrene and eventual amputation of all four distal limbs due to a large non-metastatic left adrenal gland phaeochromocytoma and summarise the available literature concerning previously reported ...

The case of Ashley X involved a young girl with profound and permanent developmental disability who underwent growth attenuation using high-dose estrogen, a hysterectomy, and surgical removal of her breast buds. Many individuals and groups have been critical of the decisions made by Ashley's parents, physicians, and the hospital ethics ...

Abnormal placentation is a serious complication of pregnancy. The disorder is also associated with significant maternal morbidity. Abnormal placentation, comprised of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta, is a leading cause of postpartum hemorrhage and indication for gravid hysterectomy. We present five cases of successful conservative and surgical management of abnormal ...

The Journal of Infectious Diseases thanks its many reviewers for their valuable advice and criticism.

Hand gangrene following vascular cannula placement is uncommon and is usually the result of thrombotic occlusion of an artery. We describe a case of hand gangrene resulting in wrist disarticulation, following multiple unsuccessful attempts at internal jugular vein cannulation in a critically ill patient.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate the effect of epidural analgesia on breastfeeding. RECENT FINDINGS: Alarming messages were sent out following a retrospective study indicating that epidural analgesia caused more breastfeeding failures. The limitations of this study were reviewed as well as the critical importance of good lactation support. SUMMARY: There ...

PURPOSE: The primary responsibility of institutional review boards is to protect human research subjects and, therefore, ensure that studies are performed in accordance with a standard set of ethical principles. A number of groups have compared the responses of institutional review boards in multicenter clinical trials involving medical therapies. To ...

Final Report issued December 26, 1985

Current trends in marine ecosystems need to be interpreted against a solid understanding of the magnitude and drivers of past changes. Over the last decade, marine scientists from different disciplines have engaged in the emerging field of marine historical ecology to reconstruct past changes in the sea. Here we review ...

To improve understanding of the aetiology and epidemiology of human cryptosporidiosis, over 8,000 Cryptosporidium isolates were submitted for typing to the species level over a four year period. The majority were either Cryptosporidium parvum (45.9%) or Cryptosporidium hominis (49.2%). Dual infection occurred in 40 (0.5%) cases and six other known ...