PURPOSE: We determined the accuracy of stone composition analysis at commercial laboratories. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 25 human renal stones with infrared spectroscopy determined composition were fragmented into aliquots and studied with micro computerized tomography to ensure fragment similarity. Representative fragments of each stone were submitted to 5 ...

BACKGROUND: Antidepressant-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) represent an underrecognized but important clinical entity. We reviewed the literature on new antidepressants and conducted an analysis of cases from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS), which has not been published before. METHODS: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Ovid, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ...

A comprehensive review of the scientific literature on gunshot residue (GSR) is presented. Aspects of both inorganic and organic GSR are discussed, from formation and distribution, to sample collection, preparation, and analysis using a variety of techniques. The interpretation of GSR results is also considered including issues surrounding the contamination, ...

OBJECTIVE: We reported an extremely rare case of atypical laryngeal carcinoid, and examined the expression of several proteins for application of molecular targeted therapy. METHOD: Case report and review of the literature concerning atypical carcinoid arising from the larynx. The expressions of proteins were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: We ...

The connection between nephropathia epidemica (NE) and vegetation dynamics has been emphasized in recent studies. Changing climate has been suggested as a triggering factor of recently observed epidemiologic peaks in reported NE cases. We have investigated whether there is a connection between the NE occurrence pattern in Belgium and specific ...

This work evaluated the structure of dreams in people affected by schizophrenia. The verbal reports of 123 schizophrenic patients were compared with 123 dream reports from a control group. In accordance with the Jungian conceptualization of, dreams as texts, dream reports were assessed using textual analysis processing techniques. Significant differences ...

Background In The Netherlands, health professionals have created a doctor-driven standardised system to report and analyse adverse outcomes (AO). The aim is to improve healthcare by learning from past experiences. The key elements of this system are (1) an unequivocal definition of an adverse outcome, (2) appropriate contextual information and ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the use and reporting of adjusted analysis in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and compare the quality of reporting before and after the revision of the CONSORT Statement in 2001. DESIGN: Comparison of two cross sectional samples of published articles. DATA SOURCES: Journal articles indexed on PubMed in ...

PURPOSE: To review the current management options in inflammatory pseudotumours via analysis of ten cases from this unit the largest experience of this pathology in a Western series. To assess the medical and operative options available for this condition and the varying outcomes and the lessons learned in this unit ...

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the association of IL-6 polymorphisms and periodontitis, a meta-analysis of case-control studies and a systemic review were conducted. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a literature search using PubMed and Medline database to May 2009, with no restrictions. We also reviewed references from all retrieved articles. Six case-control ...

This systematic review compares the clinical, radiological and kinematic outcomes of fixed compared to mobile bearing unicompartmental knee replacements (UKRs). A meta-analysis of pooled mean difference and relative risk data was undertaken following a review of electronic databases. Five studies were identified. Analysis suggested that there was no significant difference ...

This paper uses complementary text mining techniques to identify and retrieve the high impact (seminal) nanotechnology literature over a span of time. Following a brief scientometric analysis of the seminal articles retrieved, these seminal articles are then used as a basis for a comprehensive literature survey of nanoscience and nanotechnology. ...

A comprehensive review that summarizes the periodate oxidation contribution to the development of selective instrumental methods of micro-analysis in the fields of electrochemistry, spectrophotometry, luminometry, chromatography, as well as studies on successful fabrication of sensors or labeling techniques are given in this review.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to conduct a bibliographic analysis and assessment of the literature published in the Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics (JCCP). METHODS: The content of the 13 existing issues of the JCCP (1996-2007) were assessed. Articles were categorized by type, and information concerning author affiliation, ...

AIMS: There has been much debate about the existence of juvenile polymyositis (JPM) as an entity distinct from muscular dystrophy (MD). The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyse muscle biopsies and clinical features of 13 Australian children given an initial diagnosis of JPM, to determine their clinicopathological, immunohistochemical ...

OBJECTIVE: Literature review and meta-analysis to review the evidence of relationship between the presence of right-to-left shunts (RLSs) and the occurrence of neurological decompression sickness (DCS) in divers. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Health Technology Assessment databases. STUDY SELECTION: Five case-control studies in which the prevalence of a RLS ...

R. Baron and D. A. Kenny's (1986) paper introducing mediation analysis has been cited over 9,000 times, but concerns have been expressed about how this method is used. The authors review past and recent methodological literature and make recommendations for how to address 3 main issues: association, temporal order, and ...

The findings of increased all-cause mortality associated with cefepime therapy reported in a 2007 meta-analysis by Yahav and colleagues in The Lancet Infectious Disease prompted an early communication by the Food Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA stated that it would review more safety data to further evaluate the risk of ...

Esophageal manometry is the gold standard for the diagnosis of esophageal aperistalsis. There is computer software that analyzes peristalsis on esophageal manometry, but this automated analysis has not been formally evaluated. Our primary aim was to evaluate the software analysis of esophageal aperistalsis by esophageal manometry in patients diagnosed with ...

Symptomatic sinus bradycardia is routinely treated in the emergency department with atropine and pacing. Two cases are presented that illustrate the importance of considering hyperkalaemia, particularly in the presence of atropine-resistant symptomatic bradycardia. The administration of calcium in such cases acts to stabilise the myocardium and resolve the bradycardia. Blood ...

The relationship between diet, geographic location and isotopic composition of human tissue has been successfully exploited in archaeological and palaeodietary studies, i.e. on ancient man, but cases in which this approach has been applied to present-day people e.g. to aid identification of mutilated or deteriorated bodies are far and few ...

BACKGROUND: Root cause analysis (RCA) is an analysis framework used in health care to determine the systemic causes and prevent recurrences of adverse events. It is required by The Joint Commission for reported events and by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) National Center for Patient Safety for qualifying events ...

In 1982, Jonsen, Siegler and Winslade published Clinical Ethics, in which they described the "four quadrants" approach, a new method of analysing clinical ethics cases. Although the book is now in its 6th edition, a literature search has revealed only one academic paper demonstrating the method at work. This paper ...

The non-identity problem is the problem of grounding moral wrongdoing in cases in which an action affects who will exist in the future. Consider a woman who intentionally conceives while on medication that is harmful for a fetus. If the resulting child is disabled as a result of the medication, ...

Recurrence of H pylori after eradication is rare in developed countries and more frequent in developing countries. Recrudescence (recolonization of the same strain within 12 mo after eradication) rather than reinfection (colonization with a new strain, more than 12 mo after eradication) is considered to be responsible for most of ...

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We present prenatal and postnatal features of a patient with severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans (SADDAN). Mutation analysis confirmed the clinical diagnosis by detecting the FGFR3 Lys650Met mutation. This case, one of only six with molecular analysis reported in the literature, confirms the severe morbidity and adds ...

Detection of relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is essential for proper management. However, immunophenotypic detection of relapse by flow cytometry in B-lineage ALL can be confounded by several factors, including lack of a unique immunophenotype and modulation of aberrant phenotypes after treatment. We hypothesized that flow cytometric DNA ploidy ...

In vehicle crash and injury databases, it is beneficial to have a similarity metric between databases so that cases can be compared and used in analyses. The Mahalanobis metric was used to quantitatively score the similarity between certain database entries in Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) cases and ...

A case of medial patellar instability following Insall's proximal realignment studied pre- and postoperatively by gait analysis is presented. Preoperative gait analysis showed an increased stance time period as well as an increased horizontal braking, heel contact and toe-off vertical peak forces on the affected limb. In our case, gait ...

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate a role for microsatellite analysis in the evaluation of prenatal cases with possible placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD). METHODS: We present a case report in which several molecular analyses of amniocytes and products of conception were used in combination with cytogenetic and ultrasound studies to evaluate a pregnancy ...

We report two new cases of liver glycogen synthase deficiency (GSD0). The first patient presented at the age of 8 months with recurrent hypoglycemic seizures. The second patient presented at 14 months with asymptomatic incidental hyperglycemia. Glucose monitoring in both patients revealed daily fluctuations from fasting hypoglycemia to postprandial hyperglycemia. ...

This study was performed to determine whether using a 30% cutoff for the proportion of HER-2+ cells would increase the specificity of HER-2 immunohistochemical analysis. Blinded to the HER-2 amplification status, 3 pathologists retrospectively reviewed HER-2-stained sections of breast carcinoma and considered cases to be positive for protein overexpression (3+) ...

The aim of this manuscript is to initiate a constructive discussion about deviations in measured concentrations of uraemic solutes; these deviations, if not perceived or handled appropriately, may lead to incorrect interpretations of the pathophysiological role of uraemic solutes and/or to erroneous therapeutic decisions. To come to an objective approach ...

AIMS: Topical use of clindamycin has been associated with taste disorders in the literature, but little is known about the nature of this adverse drug reaction. The aim of this article was to describe reports of clindamycin-induced taste disorders and to analyse the factors involved. METHODS: The adverse drug reaction ...

Data on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) have been collected in Denmark since 1968 and the process is ongoing. This article explores knowledge created by the system, including how the collected data have been used to monitor the safety of licensed drugs. Nonaka's theory of knowledge creation was used to discriminate ...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze an unusual reciprocal X-autosome translocation found in an infertile man with azoospermia. DESIGN: Case report with a review of scientific literature. SETTING: Male infertility clinic, Kobe University Hospital. PATIENT(S): Infertile man with azoospermia but otherwise apparently healthy. INTERVENTION(S): Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained for karyotyping, and metaphases ...

The experimental and computational basis of the pH-dependent measurement of solubility of sparingly-soluble ionizable drugs is reviewed. Recently described compound-sparing (but still accurate) approaches, suitable for application in preclinical development, and appropriate for the analysis of solubility of "problematic" molecules, are critically examined. A number of useful experimental methods are ...

During excavations of the Bronze Age levels at El Mirador Cave, a hole containing human remains was found. Taphonomic analysis revealed the existence of cutmarks, human toothmarks, cooking damage, and deliberate breakage in most of the remains recovered, suggesting a clear case of gastronomic cannibalism. The piled distribution of the ...

BACKGROUND: The majority of cases of breast cancer scoring HER2 weak positive (2+) on immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the HercepTest are not associated with amplification of the HER2/neu gene. AIM: To examine the reproducibility of IHC in cases scoring 2+ subsequently shown to have gene amplification by fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH). ...

This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the spatial distribution of leprosy cases in Ribeirão Preto in 2004. The data collection was performed through compulsory notification records in the Epidemiological Surveillance Service of the Municipal Secretary of Health of Ribeirão Preto. The data were geo-coded through the MapInfo program version 7.8 ...

Pumice has been used as a serviceable abrasive or religious artefact since antiquity and has therefore been an object of trade. It can be found in excavations of ancient workshops all over the Mediterranean. Pumice lumps from the major pumice-bearing rhyolitic tephra units in Cappadocia-the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province, Turkey ...

Lacunar infarcts (LACs) and deep intracerebral hemorrhages (DICHs) occur in the same structures and may result from the same pathology. It is unclear why one patient has an LAC while another has DICH. We compared LAC to DICH cases derived from a population-based incidence study. In multivariate analysis, LAC cases ...

This brief review summarizes new paleontological and molecular data that together support a late middle Eocene Afro-Arabian origin for crown Lorisiformes. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that late Eocene Karanisia is a possible stem lorisiform, late Eocene Saharagalago and Wadilemur and Miocene Komba are stem galagids, and early Miocene Mioeuoticus and Progalago ...

Indian Pediatrics limited the number of authorship to 5, 4 and 2 for Brief Reports (BR), Case Reports (CR), and Letters to the Editor (LE), respectively from January 2003, to curb gift authorship. To analyze the impact of this policy, a comparative analysis was conducted for years 2002-2004. Mean (SD) ...

The present study compares the risk factors, presentation and outcome of community-acquired Legionella pneumophila pneumonia in 138 sporadic-case patients (1994-2004) and 113 outbreak-case patients (2002) treated in two hospitals in Catalonia (Spain) since urinary antigen assays were adopted. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to compare epidemiological and clinical features, ...

This article deals with the increasing frequency with which herbal preparations are being used in Turkey. The ingredients of herbal preparations are multiple and include a variety of herbal seed and leaf-related components. Thus, it is not possible to pinpoint a specific chemical culprit without careful analysis of each. In ...

A retrospective study of 25 cases of sacroiliac separation showed that transilial pinning is an effective method of repair for sacroiliac separations. Only 8% of cases of sacroiliac separation had transilial pinning as the sole surgical intervention as other concomitant minor injuries, such as fractured ischium or pubis, did not ...

Objective: The search for an ideal induction agent for use in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been a long one. To date numerous agents have been used and there is little uniformity in clinical practice regarding agent of choice. Recent reports in the literature suggesting the efficacy of the volatile anaesthetic ...

Claims for malpractice and medical negligence are a potentially important source of information on the causes of harm to patients and have provided valuable lessons in the past. However today, with many additional sources of information and methods of analysis, the role of claims analysis needs to be reappraised. We ...