Objectives: Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve syndrome (TETAPV) is reported to have an extremely poor prognosis in the obstetric literature. Therefore, we sought to determine the clinical outcomes associated with TETAPV and to find out if prenatal diagnosis conferred a poorer prognosis. Methods: All cases of TETAPV diagnosed ...

Hidradenoma papilliferum of the anogenital region was previously believed to originate from apocrine glands but has recently been accepted as originating from anogenital mammary-like glands. We describe a case of hidradenoma papilliferum with mixed features of syringocystadenoma papilliferum and mammary-like glands from the left labia majora of a 25-year-old woman. ...

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is pushing its auditors to be more aggressive in reviewing hospital claims. CMS has set targets for how many claims the auditors should review. Auditors are encouraged to use extrapolation for denials when they find a pattern of erroneous claims. CMS has ...

Hemiarthroplasty involves replacement of the distal portion of the humerus without replacement of the ulna. This article reviews the literature on hemiarthroplasty of the ulnohumeral and radiocapitellar joints. It discusses the indications and outcomes of the technique and summarizes the author's experiences and results.

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis is defined as bony or fibrous adhesion of the anatomic joint components accompanied by a limitation in opening the mouth, causing difficulties with mastication, speaking and oral hygiene as well as inadvertently influencing mandibular growth. Surgical treatment procedures include arthroplasty of the joint cavity with or without ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a clinical condition characterized by the presence of exposed bone in the maxillofacial region. Its pathogenesis is still undetermined, but may be associated with risk factors such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this paper is to report two unpublished ...

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is an uncommon benign proliferative disorder of synovium that may involve joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. It most often affects the knees, and less frequently involves other joints. It presents in the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) extremely rarely. The authors report an elderly female patient with PVNS ...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the means of optimizing methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis in daily clinical practice, based on a systematic literature review. METHODS: We systematically reviewed the literature by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases and reviewing communications to ACR and EULAR meetings for studies on methotrexate starting dosages, ...

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation can be classified into four groups (anterior, posterior, lateral, and superior) depending on the direction of displacement and the location of the condylar head. All the groups are rare except for anterior dislocation. 'Inverse' TMJ dislocation is a bilateral anterior and superior dislocation with impaction of ...

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is an aggressive proliferative lesion that usually involves the synovial tissues of big joints. To date, there are ∼52 cases of PVNS affecting the temporomandibular joint reported in the English-language literature, about one-third of them exhibiting intracranial involvement. We herein describe an additional case of PVNS ...

Our aim was to systematically review the literature on the diagnostic and prognostic value of synovial biopsy in undifferentiated peripheral inflammatory arthritis (UPIA) as an evidence base for generating clinical practice recommendations. The results lead to multinational recommendations in the 3e Initiative in Rheumatology. We performed a systematic literature review ...

Study Design. Case report.Objective. Here we present a rare case of chronic C1-2 dislocation with absence of odontoid process that underwent posterior C1-2 arthrodesis using C1 hooks and C2 pedicle screws.Summary of Background Data. C1-2 dislocation is a rare but fatal upper cervical injury. To date, there have been many ...

Abstract -  Superolateral dislocation of the intact mandibular condyle (SDIMC) is rare. This case report focuses on a 15-year-old teenager who was involved in a motor vehicle accident as well a literature review regarding the SDIMC. Clinical examination demonstrated a diffuse edema in the midfacial area and a left lateral deflection ...

Although calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate (CPPD) deposition disease, including pseudogout, is a relatively common disease affecting the major joints, especially the knee, pseudogout in the acromioclavicular (AC) joint is very uncommon. We describe two cases of acute pseudogout attacks of the AC joint in elderly patients. Radiological findings showed chondrocalcinosis in ...

A case of septic arthritis post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction secondary to Clostridium sporogenes is described in a 19-year-old man. C sporogenes is a rare clinical pathogen and this is believed to be the first case of septic arthritis due to the organism. The patient responded to arthroscopic washout, synovectomy ...

Intra-articular corticosteroid injections are frequently used in the management of both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, with most evidence and articles confined to the knee joint. There are few articles that deal with intra-articular corticosteroid injections in the foot and ankle. The aim of this critical literature review is to find ...

The purpose of this is case-based review is to report a series of patients with rheumatoid arthritis who developed stridor and highlight this potentially life-threatening manifestation of the disease. We report three cases from the Rheumatology Department of University College Hospital, London and review the literature on the prevalence, clinical ...

We describe here an unusual case of volar dislocation of the radiocarpal joint due to a complete tear of the dorsal radiocarpal ligament. Plain radiographs taken at initial presentation did not reveal any obvious abnormality. There was no associated bony lesion or intrinsic wrist ligament injury. Radiocarpal dislocations should be ...

To discuss the incidence, diagnosis, laryngeal findings, and management of arytenoid dislocation as a separate entity from vocal fold paralysis. Literature review. A contemporary review of the literature was performed by searching the terms arytenoid cartilage dislocation and subluxation in various combinations. Articles were analyzed and selected based on relevance ...

We report an unusual and rare cause of preauricular swelling and review the most recent literature concerning synovial osteochondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint. We report the clinical and radiologic findings of a case of synovial osteochondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint that presented as preauricular swelling in a female patient. This ...

Pelvic dislocations are rare during labor, and the treatment is controversial. We report two cases of young women who sustained postpartum disruption of the pelvic ring: one case is an 8.8 cm wide separation of the pubic symphysis with sacroiliac joint disruption underwent surgical stabilization and the second case with ...

"Patient-Reported Outcome" (PRO) is used as an umbrella term for different concepts for measuring subjectively perceived health status e. g. as treatment effects. Their common characteristic is, that the appraisal of the health status is reported by the patient himself. In order to describe the informative value of PRO in ...

Dislocation of the temporomandibular joint occurs when the mandibular condyle is displaced anteriorly beyond the articular eminence and represents 3% of all dislocated joints reported in the body. Superolateral dislocation of the condyle into the temporal fossa is well documented in the literature, but anterosuperior dislocation without an associated fracture ...

Knee locking is often caused by a torn meniscus or loose body. A rare cause of knee locking is a superior dislocation of the patella following trauma with less than 20 reported cases in the English literature. An unusual case of a locked knee secondary to interlocking osteophytes between the ...

Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow describes a condition that radial head subluxation or dislocation occurs when forearm rotates externally in relation to humerus. It is difficult to diagnose and treat. We reported a typical case which was confirmed by physical examination and MR images. Ligamentous insufficiency was confirmed under ...

An asymptomatic enlargement of the medial clavicle is a condition that is often both missed and misdiagnosed. We review the most common causes of an isolated and asymptomatic enlargement of the medial clavicle. Underlying aetiologies include osteoarthritis of the sternoclavicular joint, condensing osteitis, spontaneous dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint, and ...

Objective. To assess beneficial and harmful effects of arthroplasty in the shoulder joint in patients with RA. Methods. A systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Collaboration identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials and case series (included for assessment of complications) published between 1995 and 2008. Articles ...

Although there are not many reports in literature, iliopectineal bursitis presents clinically with signs and symptoms frequently found in outpatient services and practice. Its clinical presentation is anterior hip pain that worsens with the extension, abduction and internal rotation of the hip. The diagnosis is confirmed by ultrasound or magnetic ...

This review is an attempt to illustrate the different alternatives in the field of 2D materials. Graphene seems to be just the tip of the iceberg and we show how the discovery of alternative 2D materials is starting to show the rest of this iceberg. The review comprises the current ...

Nipple shields have become commonplace in the United States for a wide range of breastfeeding problems. This article is a summary of the current literature describing the evidence for nipple shield use. The authors reviewed all available articles on nipple shields and selected 13 studies for inclusion. The studies were ...

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon condition, characterized by multinodular cartilagineous proliferation of the joint synovium. There are only a few case reports of synovial chondromatosis involving the hand in the literature. A case of synovial chondromatosis of the ring finger is reported in this paper.

Foam sclerotherapy is not a defined procedure nor is the product uniform or licensed for use but it is now accepted practice in most territories worldwide. Foam sclerotherapy has been used to treat a wide range of venous conditions from the closure of incompetent great saphenous trunk veins to telangiectasia ...

An invited review provides a detailed and comprehensive narrative analysis of recent developments in a specific topic, and highlights important points that have been previously published. It usually consists of a short unstructured abstract, introduction, subheadings to organise the topic, and a summary. The text is usually relatively long compared ...

Abstract Scholars in occupational therapy and occupational science often reference well-being when discussing treatment goals or occupational engagement, but the various meanings of this reference remain unexamined in current literature. This paper reports the results of a literature review of five journals and five monographs in the occupational therapy and ...

There are many limitations with respect to anticoagulants currently used in standard paediatric practice for prophylaxis and treatment of thrombosis: heparin, low molecular-weight heparin, and warfarin. Factors such as pharmacokinetic and dosing variability are further exacerbated by properties of the immature haemostatic system of children. These shortcomings necessitate exploring alternative ...

Neoplastic adnexal disease represents one of the most frequently encountered and therapeutically challenging ophthalmic problems of horses. This paper reviews current concepts in equine periocular neoplasia. Specifically, a literature-based review of the aetiopathogenesis of the most common tumours to affect the equine eyelid (squamous cell carcinoma, sarcoid, melanoma and lymphosarcoma) ...

This paper is a review of the available current literature aiming to present the current knowledge of the efficacy of spa treatment. Individual papers are analysed in terms of their scientific reliability and compliance with the principles of evidence-based medicine. The analysis has been performed on the basis of Sackett's ...

This article discusses the recent advances and basic concepts of skeletal anchorage devices of various types and reviews the current literature on their use. Temporary skeletal anchorage devices allow orthodontic movements that were previously thought to be difficult if not impossible. Much like the concepts introduced during the beginnings of ...

To provide a review of current, high-impact scientific findings pertaining to the biology of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed to examine the current literature regarding the molecular biology and pathophysiology of CCMs. In this literature review, a comprehensive approach is taken to review ...

This report reviews current literature regarding the association of the pharmaceutical preservative thimerosal and other mercury exposures with the risk for autism. The evidence presented here does not support a causal association between autism and mercury exposure from the preservative thimerosal. The risk for autism from other mercury exposures such ...

In contrast to the recently reported cyclodimerisations of phosphaalkynes, alkynes preferably trimerise at the same low-valent iron(-I) centre.

Failure to cross with a balloon is a well recognised cause of failure to recanalise a chronic total occlusion (CTO) despite successfully positioning a guidewire into the distal true lumen. One technique that is infrequently used currently is excimer laser assisted coronary intervention. We report a patient with CTO in ...

This narrative review is intended to provide hand and upper extremity therapists, who occasionally treat patients with shoulder diagnoses, with several current concepts related to normal shoulder anatomy and function. It is hoped that this review will be useful for 1) appreciating patho-anatomy and pathophysiology, 2) planning treatment approaches, and ...

The TASER is a conducted electricity device currently being introduced to the Australian and New Zealand police forces as an alternative to firearms in dealing with violent and dangerous individuals. It incapacitates the subject by delivering rapid pulses of electricity causing involuntary muscle contraction and pain. The use of this ...

An aneurysm of the portion of the right atrium classically referred to as the subeustachian sinus is reported in a 75-year-old man with cardiac amyloidosis, AL phenotype, related to underlying multiple myeloma. A review of literature confirms the rarity of nonseptal right atrial aneurysms and their propensity to involve the ...

Nonunion of humerus fractures is an extensively reviewed topic in orthopedic literature. The current case describes the successful outcome of a hypertrophic nonunion in a patient who chose not to undergo any intervention when the nonunion was identified and the treatment options were discussed with him. Hence this case report ...

Recent studies clarifying the closest relatives of the world's largest flowers, Rafflesiaceae, whose floral diameters range from approximately 11 to approximately 100 cm, indicated that they evolved from tiny-flowered ancestors in a burst of floral gigantism. New data now suggest that floral size evolution within Rafflesiaceae may be more dynamic ...

A brief review of the advances in the biotribology of articular cartilage in the last decade or so are presented. The review is limited to experimental friction and wear studies involving articular cartilage. The importance of developing in vitro models as tools not only to understand the cartilage tribological characteristics, ...

Aneurysms are very rarely encountered in the distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA). The authors experienced 5 cases with a distal PICA aneurysm among 368 cases of intracranial aneurysms during the period from January 2003 to January 2008. Here, the authors describe their clinical and surgical experiences and include a ...

Diversity-Oriented Synthesis (DOS) aims to broaden the frontier of accessible collections of complex and diverse small molecules. This review endeavours to dissect the DOS concept through three elements of diversity: building block, stereochemistry, and skeleton. Recent examples in the literature that emphasize the efficient combinations of these elements to generate ...