Abstract  Primary cardiac chondrosarcoma is extremely rare, and its clinical characteristics and management are not clear. Only eight cases of primary cardiac chondrosarcoma in the left heart have been reported in the English literature. In this report, we describe a case of primary chondrosarcoma of the left atrium. The management ...

  Acute genital ulcers rarely occur in nonsexually active young girls. When present, they can cause significant physical and emotional distress for the patient and her parents, and prompt an evaluation for sexual abuse and sexually transmitted diseases. With this review, we aim to further characterize acute genital ulcers in ...

Dieterich disease is characterized by avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head. The recent literature has described surgical management of this condition relatively soon after its presentation. We present a case treated conservatively with a satisfactory outcome at 28 months.

BACKGROUND: People suffering from dementia are particularly vulnerable to the gaps between the health and social service systems. Case management is a professional field that seeks to fill in these gaps and remedy this fragmentation. METHODS: We report the results of a systematic literature review of the impact of case ...

Hypertriglyceridemia is a rare, but well-known cause of acute pancreatitis. A serum triglyceride level of more than 1000 to 2000 mg / dl is the identifiable risk factor. It typically presents as an episode of acute pancreatitis or recurrent acute pancreatitis. The clinical course and routine management of Hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis ...

Pleural lipoma is an extremely rare clinical entity. Symptomatic pleural lipoma is rarer. We report a case of symptomatic pleural lipoma which was successfully managed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). A brief review of relevant literature has been included in the article.

Ixodes acutitarsus is said to be the largest Ixodes tick in the world. Human biting activity of I. acutitarsus was reported for the first time in Taiwan. Ticks were observed from April to December and collected from infested humans during trips to the mountainous areas of northern, central, southern and ...

Chylous ascites is defined as the accumulation of chyle in the peritoneum due to obstruction or rupture of the peritoneal or retroperitoneal lymphatic glands. Chylous ascites that arises from acute pancreatitis with portal vein thrombosis is very rare. We report here on a case of chylous ascite that was caused ...

Respiratory stridor developed rapidly during an interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder arthroscopy in an obese woman. Extensive cervicothoracic edema due to tissue diffusion of the arthroscopic fluid was suspected. The outcome of patient after conservative management was satisfactory. We give a brief review of how this complication develops, the ...

INTRODUCTION: Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a rare disorder characterized by altered mental status, seizure, hypertension, and symmetrical white matter edema (leukoencephalopathy) typically in the posterior cerebral hemispheres on brain imaging. It is often linked to certain medication use, in particular, chemotherapeutic agents. Here, we present a case of ...

The few reports that have been published on the current International Classification of Headache Disorders, Second Edition (ICHD-II), criteria for migralepsy and hemicrania epileptica have highlighted the considerable confusion regarding this "hot topic" within both headache and epilepsy classifications (ICHD-II and International League Against Epilepsy [ILAE]). Indeed, the ICHD-II describes ...

Background.  Basilar-type migraine (BTM) is a rare subtype of migraine with aura. Impaired consciousness or coma can occur in such patients. Aim.  To report two Chinese adolescent patients diagnosed as BTM with coma. Materials and Methods.  We describe two Chinese adolescent patients diagnosed with BTM with coma. Literatures of migraineurs ...

Developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are common congenital venous drainage anomalies. Although they typically have a benign clinical course and a low symptomatic rate, thrombosis of a drainage vein may occur, leading to potentially debilitating complications. We report imaging findings of posterior fossa DVA with a thrombosed drainage vein in a ...

Postpartum headache is quite common and often related to potentially ominous cerebrovascular accidents. As illustrated in previously published reports, spontaneous cervical artery dissection is a rare but possible cause of headache in the postpartum. We provide 2 additional cases to the 19 described so far, including the first ever report ...

Non typhoidal Salmonella species are thought to be potentially infectious to humans. We isolated Salmonella enteritidis from a 10-year-old boy with fever and thrombocytopenia. We reviewed the literature concerning infections caused by Salmonella but we could not find any such case report from India.

Objective:To report a case of fluctuating hearing due to auditory aura, as an unusual presentation of temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods:Case report and review of English language literature on temporal lobe epilepsy and auditory aura.Results:A 31-year-old man presented with intermittent symptoms of bilateral fullness in the ears associated with deafness. He was ...

Photoparoxysmal response (PPR) is commonly associated with idiopathic generalised epilepsies. Most of the focal events induced by intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) are reported to be of occipital origin. Only six temporal lobe epilepsy patients have been reported in the literature with focal PPR at extraoccipital sites. We report a four-year-old ...

Association of migraine and tonic pupil has been reported very rarely. We reported a young female with symptoms of migraine who developed a mydriatic pupil in one of her attacks. The pupil was unresponsive to light with little response to near reflex. In 0.125% pilocarpine test affected pupil responded significantly ...

Despite the fact that migraine and epilepsy are among the commoner brain diseases and that comorbidity of these conditions is well known, only few reports of migralepsy and hemicrania epileptica (HE) have been published according to the current ICHD-II criteria. Particularly, ICHD-II describes "migraine-triggered seizure" (i.e., migralepsy) among complications of ...

We describe the electroencephalographic and clinical seizure manifestations of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent epilepsy (PLP-DE) in two patients [diagnosis confirmed by low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PLP, complete resolution of previously intractable seizures with PLP supplementation, negative pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy CSF biomarkers, and/or positive disease causing pyridox(am)ine 5'-phosphate oxidase gene mutation] along with a ...

Neurocysticercosis is an unusual cause of seizure in the New Zealand setting. We report on the presentation of a 12-year-old Indian boy, who was found to have neurocysticercosis after presenting with a generalized seizure. Treatmeant of neurocysticercosis is controversial, and the evidence from the literature regarding treatment with anthelmintic (or ...

Almost 50 years after its discovery, valproic acid remains a mainstay in the treatment of epilepsy, both alone and in combination with other anticonvulsants. It is also associated with a hyperammonemic encephalopathy, when used in combination with other drugs. We present a case of valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy in a patient ...

Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS) is due to heterozygous mutation of the glucose transporter type 1 gene (GLUT1/SLC2A1). GLUT1-DS is characterized by movement disorders, including paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia (PED), as well as seizures, mental retardation and hypoglycorrhachia. Tremor was recently shown to be part of the phenotype, but its ...

To describe a rare anomaly of the female reproductive tract and review the embryology associated with the defect. Case report and review of the literature. Major academic medical center. A 14-year-old girl with two hemiuteri lacking any communication with a single normal midline cervix and vagina. Diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation ...

Gelastic seizures are typically associated with hypothalamic hamartoma. Given the rarity of gelastic seizures, pathways for the motor and emotional aspects of laughter have been hypothesized but remain unclear. The authors perform a literature review to discuss what is known about these pathways. They also report a child who presented ...

Salmonella spp. is the cause of commonly encountered infections, with seasonal pattern of occurrence and worldwide distribution. Some of the clinical manifestations such as gastroenteritis and bacteremia are common, whereas others like mycotic aneurysms and osteomyelitis are infrequent especially in immunocompetent patients. Salmonella has been rarely described as a cause ...

Epilepsy is common in people with intellectual disabilities. Epilepsy can be difficult to diagnose and may be misdiagnosed in around 25% of cases. A systematic review was conducted to explore: Primary studies and systematic reviews published in the English language between 1998 and 2008 were identified from electronic databases, experts, ...

Anal canal duplication (ACD) is an extremely rare congenital intestinal anomaly. There are not many reports in the English literature, with just a few from each institution. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, surgical treatment, and outcome of ACD in pediatric cases at a single ...

Cervical esophageal duplication cysts are rare congenital anomalies that can be successfully managed surgically. These anomalies are rare causes of upper airway obstruction. We present here a case of a cervical esophageal duplication cyst in an infant, along with a review of the literature concerning this anomaly.

The aims of this study were to demonstrate a case of bilateral intravesical ureterocele associated with megacystis and mega-ureters, unilateral partial duplication of the ureter and unilateral segmental renal dysplasia of the upper pole and an accessory spleen and to propose an addition of the new variant to the classification ...

Anorectal malformations (ARMS) are one of those challenging topics of pediatric surgery. The developments in assessing and approaching patients with these anomalies have been made in the last decades and the methods described in older textbooks functioned as a guide in planning these attempts (Kiely and Peña in Pediatric surgery, ...

Duplication cyst of the duodenum is rare. This study describes a case of duodenal duplication and evaluates its clinical features through a literature review. A case of duodenal duplication is reported, and related articles published from 1999 to 2009 on PubMed were reviewed. Clinical manifestations, diagnostic examinations, and methods of ...

CONTEXT: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in gallbladder is rare with only 18 cases published in the English literature. OBJECTIVES: To review the clinicopathologic characteristics of metastatic RCC in gallbladder and to correlate the findings with clinical outcomes. DESIGN: We report 4 additional cases of intraluminal polypoid metastasis of RCC ...

BACKGROUND: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter insertion is a commonly performed procedure for indications such as recurrent pulmonary emboli or contraindication to anticoagulation. Symptomatic duplication of the IVC is exceedingly rare with only a handful of cases being described in the literature. AIM: We report an unusual case of a ...

Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly and presents as a spectrum of varying severity. This report present three cases of duplication of urethra whose presentation ranged from prepubic sinus to a complete urethral duplication. They were investigated using ultrasonography, retrograde urethrography and cystoscopy. They were treated depending on the ...

Congenital abnormalities of the Müllerian duct system can result in various urogenital anomalies, including uterus didelphys with blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis (Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome). It usually presents after the menarche with progressive pelvic pain during periods secondary to haematocolpos. However, rarely presentation is unusual with consequent diagnostic delay. This ...

Retrocaval ureter is abnormal looping of the proximal ureter behind the inferior vena cava. The aberrant anatomy results in the compression of the ureter causing hydronephrosis. This is a very infrequent cause of hydronephrosis in children. Association of retrocaval ureter with a stone in the looping segment of the ureter ...

Appendiceal anomalies are extremely rare malformations. We presented the case of a patient 43-year-old who had undergone emergency surgery for bowel occlusion. Incidentally we have found an "horseshoe-shaped" appendix which removed. After review of the literature we have introduced this appendiceal variant in a complete classification of appendiceal anomalies.

We present the case of a 19-year-old nulligravida woman with severe dysmenorrhea since menarche; she was found to have a longitudinal vaginal septum, cervical duplication and two endometrial cavities, separated by a complete septum. Diagnosis and management of this unusual Müllerian anomaly are discussed in the context of a literature ...

Preaxial mirror polydactyly of foot is a rare congenital anomaly with even fewer documentations for definitive treatment. To provide a sensate, near normal foot with ability to wear shoes is difficult to achieve in this variant with fibular dimelia and calcaneal duplication, with a delayed presentation at 6 years. Our ...

Duplicate gallbladder is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from abnormalities in embryogenesis during the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation. Approximately 210 cases have been described. Variations include duplicate, triplicate, and septated gallbladder. We encountered a 15-year-old girl with both a duplicated gallbladder and a duplicated cystic duct who underwent ...

We report an 11-year-old boy with dysgenesis of the clivus. The boy presented complaining of progressive difficulty in walking. The clival anomaly was associated with severe basilar invagination, Chiari Type 1 malformation and syringomyelia. Our literature search did not reveal any previous reports of this combination of conditions. The patient ...

In view of the rarity of the lesion, we describe 3 cases of aphallia associated with genitourinary and nongenitourinary anomalies. One case was associated with an anorectal malformation, whereas 2 had a normal anal opening. One patient with a normal anal opening had an associated rectal-urethro-fistula. Development of the phallus, ...

Double gallbladder is a rare congenital biliary anomaly, but an accessory gallbladder arising from the left hepatic duct is a more remarkably rare congenital anomaly. We report a case of double gallbladder with adenocarcinoma and gallstones, which was preoperatively diagnosed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and then confirmed by open ...

CONTEXT: The association between fibular dimelia and mirror polydactyly of the foot is considered to be a very rare lower-limb abnormality. On the other hand, VACTERL is an acronym for a nonrandom association of congenital anomalies for which the etiology is still poorly understood. CASE REPORT: The patient was a ...

Gallbladder agenesis is uncommon. In contrast, liver haemangiomas are the most common type of benign liver lesions. We describe the first documented case of gallbladder agenesis where the clinical presentation was consistent with biliary colic, and radiological investigation suggested the presence of gallstones. Subsequent operative findings revealed a solitary haemangioma ...

ABSTRACT: Seizures or convulsions that occur during anaesthesia in veterinary patients are infrequently reported in the literature. Consequently, the incidence of such events is unknown. Several drugs commonly used in clinical veterinary anaesthesia have been shown to induce epileptiform activity in both human clinical patients and experimental candidates. The present ...

The preparation of HTA reports requires a great deal of time, effort and resource, and there is a desire to improve efficiency, avoid duplication of effort and facilitate the transfer of knowledge between countries. This is of particular importance for countries with more limited resources which have less capacity to ...

Several series have reported the distribution of the types of thumb polydactyly in the Caucasian and Far Eastern populations. No data are available for the Middle East. A total of 196 Saudi patients (228 hands) with thumb polydactyly were reviewed. The most common type was Wassel type IV (33.8%) and ...

Neural tube defects are common congenital abnormalities associated with a variety of complications. Spina bifida, among the most common, results from failure of the neural tube and the vertebral bones to close during embryogenesis. Myelomeningocele is the most common severe form of spina bifida. It may be associated with various ...