Anatomical (congenital or postinflammatory) or functional anomalies of the uroseminal intersection can induce a voiding dysfunction of the deferential ampullae and seminal vesicles, leading to infertility. In case of azoospermia or OAT-syndrome with poor semen volume and decreased vesicular markers, some clinical history and examination data can cause suspect of ...

The authors present a case of os hamuli proprium, a congenital anomaly of the hook of the hamate. A unilateral presentation of this anomaly is rare--this is the first to be reported in the literature. The lesion could easily be mistaken for a fracture of the hook of the hamate. ...

Ureterovesicular anastomosis resulted in resolution of the clinical signs of urinary incontinence in three horses with unilateral ectopic ureter. Follow-up of two of the horses ten months and three years later indicated no further urinary tract problems; the third horse died four days after surgery from intestinal infarction.Diagnosis can be ...

We report 3 new cases of polyorchidism. Review of the literature allows two groups of anatomical variations to be identified: (1) where the Wolffian duct is duplicated longitudinally or absent, and (2) where the two testes are drained by the same epididymis and vas deferens. We postulate that the first ...

Although congenital anomalies of the peroneal muscles have been well documented from anatomical studies, only a single clinically symptomatic case has been previously reported. In the present report, a previously unreported variation of the peroneus brevis, a bifid peroneus brevis, is described. This variation contributed to chronic subluxation of the ...

A 43-year-old man with a history and symptomatology of hereditary spherocytosis underwent splenectomy and cholecystectomy for treatment of his underlying disease and of cholelithiasis. The removed gallbladder showed a serosal encapsulated nodule, supported by a short mesentery, measuring 11 x 6 x 4 mm, that histologically was an ectopic or ...

We report a case of porcelain gallbladder in a 67-year-old Japanese woman and review, summarize, and tabulate the literature describing its ultrasound appearance. We classify the ultrasound finding of porcelain gallbladder into two types: a complete type and an incomplete type. The relation between the type of porcelain gallbladder and ...

In 20 post-mortem dissections, the subvesical bile duct of Luschka was noted in six specimens. Microscopic examination of ten other post-mortem gallbladders revealed small bile ducts on the gallbladder surface in five. Four cases of injury to the duct of Luschka during cholecystectomy are described and illustrated with cholangiographic and ...

A case of gallbladder empyema associated with multiple complications caused by a delay in diagnosis is presented. Recent literature is reviewed especially emphasizing the clinical presentation with scanty physical signs. Greater awareness of the indolent and chronic presentation might reduce the considerable morbidity and mortality that are associated with delayed ...

Agenesis of the lung is extremely rare. Developmental defects of the lung are usually associated with other congenital malformations. Half of all reported patients die either at birth or within the first 5 yrs of life. We report a case of right lung agenesis with absence of the left kidney, ...

Tracheal agenesis (TA) is a rare congenital anomaly that is incompatible with prolonged life. It occurs in isolation or in association with other anomalies. The affected neonate presents with respiratory distress and is unable to produce an audible cry despite obvious physical effort. A difficult intubation ensues, and often only ...

Three types of indicator conditions, namely sentinel anomalies, Down syndrome and pair-wise evaluation of component congenital anomalies in unidentified multiple congenital abnormalities, are evaluated continuously in Hungary. This paper summarizes some data of the Hungarian Surveillance of Sentinel Anomalies (1980-1987). The observed rate of 15 sentinel anomalies was 3.7 per ...

Among 25 cases of double ureter which required surgical treatment, six were accompanied by ureterocele. Interpelvic anastomosis was performed in two cases with uretero-ureteral reflux. En bloc reimplantation was performed for ten double ureters, three of which had common ureteral orifice with reflux in both ureters. In three other cases ...

We present a case of a rare renal anomaly in which the 2 kidneys (separate or fused across the midline) are drained by a common renal pelvis and ureter. Previously reported cases have been reviewed and are classified in 3 groups according to their anatomical features. The lesion is associated ...

Anterior urethral valves are rare anomalies which cause obstructive uropathy in the lower urinary tract of young men. We discuss our illustrative case and review the English medical literature in order to analyze the clinicopathologic spectrum. We propose a hypothesis of embryology of this lesion and present guidelines for its ...

A case of lithiasis inside a blind-ending branch of a trifid ureter is presented. This is a very uncommon anomaly and its association with lithiasis is not previously reported. The diagnosis was made by means of excretory urography followed by computed tomography (CT). The embryology, classification, and clinical aspects of ...

Patient vitello intestinal duct (VID) is not an uncommon anomaly in children. It usually presents with fecal discharge from the umbilicus. Round worm infestation is very common in Indian children, but an association of patent VID and ascariasis, presenting as round worms emerging from the umbilicus, is unique and has ...

A case of pedunculated carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder, presenting with common duct obstruction is reported; radiological, operative and pathological findings are described. The patient was treated with cholecystectomy, common bile duct exploration and postoperative radiotherapy applied through a t-tube. Only 20 cases of carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder have been described. ...

A male adolescent presented with perineal dribbling during voiding. Evaluation revealed an accessory urethra originating from the prostatic urethra. There was persistent anatomical and functional dominance of the dorsal orthotopic urethra, constituting a reversal of the arrangement most commonly described for urethral duplication. Successful ablation of the accessory urethra was ...

A case of thyroglossal duct anomaly showing an unusual finding of foci of cartilage is presented. Although the concept of choristoma may explain the pathogenesis of cartilage within the present congenital anomaly, the histologic features were more in favor of a metaplastic process. In addition, the history of recurrent bouts ...

We present the first documented case of agnathia-holoprosencephaly (an uncommon form of craniofacial anomaly) associated with situs inversus. This case may represent the concordance of multiple field complex anomalies, but the possibility of a major midline malformation (situs inversus) caused by a timed insult (environmental or genetic) which affects multiple ...

Duplication of the colon is a rare congenital anomaly which may produce diagnostic difficulties for both clinician and radiologist. We report three patients who illustrate the spectrum of clinical and radiographic features which may be encountered. Radiology is essential in assessing the full extent of this condition including its various ...

Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative infection usually caused by Actinomyces israeli. It is rarely located in the gallbladder and, if so, it can masquerade as a chronic cholecystitis. The case history of a 54-year-old female patient with actinomycosis of the gallbladder is described, and a survey of the literature is ...

Alimentary duplications which include a variety of alimentary cysts, diverticula and tubular malformations are rare abnormalities. Most of them, especially in relation to the oesophagus, do not communicate with the lumen. We present two very rare cases of communicating oesophageal duplication. Both are left sided and unassociated with any other ...

Agenesis of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly, recorded most often in stillborn infants. Renal agenesis and other severe malformations are frequently associated. An apparent failure of the infraureteral tissue of the mesonephric duct to develop into trigone and proximal urethra seems to be the cause of this anomaly. ...

New York state law requires that significant complications be reported by telephone within 24 hours, followed by a full written report within five days with the names of the alleged involved physicians. This case illustrates the potential medicolegal consequences following the mandated immediate nonsubstantiated report of an alleged bilateral vas ...

Urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly occurring almost exclusively in males. The described varieties include the sagital (Y-duplication), spindle, epispadiac, hypospadiac, complete, incomplete, abortive and collateral duplications. Whereas over 150 cases of this anomaly have been reported in the world literature, the associated findings of an adenocarcinoma of the ...

Arhinia is a rare anomaly in which a total absence of the nose and parts of the olfactory system occurs. It is frequently associated with various multiple central nervous system (CNS) and somatic anomalies of different degrees of severity, with high mortality rate. Twelve cases that have been reported in ...

Solitary cystic dilation of intrahepatic bile ducts with neither extrahepatic biliary anomalies nor renal lesions has been reported previously in only 11 cases. We report two cases which were found as a result of postmortem cholangiography of 149 livers at autopsy. Case 1 had a cystic dilation measuring 1.2 cm ...

A case of a child born with an aberrant, cutaneous Stensen's (parotid) duct orifice and ipsilateral preauricular skin tags is reported. This congenital anomaly has been reported in the medical literature only once previously. Possible explanations for pathogenesis of this unusual anomaly are discussed and a simple method of surgical ...

The results of cholecystectomy have been studied in a series of 43 patients with pain suggestive of biliary origin in the absence of gallstones. The most probable diagnosis in these cases is cholecystosis of the gallbladder usually to be ascertained by careful scrutiny of the gallbladder periphery on a good ...

We report a rare case of complete duplication of the bladder, urethra and external genitalia associated with other multiple congenital anomalies, such as ventriculoseptal defect, malrotation of the gut, ectopic anal opening, malascended left kidney, rachischisis of the lumbar spine and sacrum, and an umbilical hernia. To our knowledge the ...

We report a case of intramural giant gallstone. Cholangiography revealed narrowing of the neck of the gallbladder due to a hemispherical prominence. At cholecystectomy, a giant gallstone 2.1 cm in diameter which was located in the submucosa of a hemispherical prominence at the neck of the gallbladder, was found. Although ...

Sixty-one cases of fetal hydrocephalus were reviewed to determine the accuracy and clinical significance of prenatal ultrasound (US) for detecting concurrent anomalies. Of 61 fetuses studied, 51 (84%) had one or more major central nervous system (CNS) malformations (38 fetuses with 39 anomalies) and/or extra-CNS anomalies (34 fetuses). Only ten ...

Between 1973-1982, the Hungarian Congenital Malformation Registry recorded 165 male index patients with two or more genital anomalies of the male (GAM) without other abnormalities. Of 17 'severe' GAM cases with penile or perineal hypospadias and other anomalies of external genitalia, clinical examination detected a recognizable syndrome in all but ...

Agenesis of the penis is an extremely rare anomaly, occurring only once in 30 million births. This low incidence is responsible for the limited experience with this anomaly. There are only about 70 published cases, most reports being of one or two patients. This complex malformation requires urgent assessment at ...

Exstrophy of the cloaca is a rare congenital anomaly. The authors add the pathologic findings of four distinct cases reported in this article to those reported in the literature. In all cases, common anomalies were recognized. In addition, there were rare anomalies, such as single umbilical artery, vestige of the ...

A child with duplicate maxilla is presented, along with a review of the literature of similar cases. Partial duplications of the maxilla are frequently accompanied by cleft lip and palate, multiple uvulae, hypertelorbitism, and intracranial anomalies with hydrocephalus. Theories of the morphopathogenesis for this malformation sequence are discussed.

A 13-year-old girl with signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen was found to have uterus didelphys, unilateral hematocolpos, ipsilateral renal agenesis and menses. A review of the literature in English revealed 115 reported cases. This complex congenital anomaly is seen most commonly in adolescents with dysmenorrhea of progressive severity, ...

Ureterosciatic herniation is probably not as uncommon as a literature review would suggest. It rarely produces symptoms and is usually an incidental finding on urogram. The posterior position of the ureter passing beyond the medial wall of the bony pelvis is easily detected on intravenous urography with ipsilateral oblique films ...

Management of a patient with a congenital anomaly of the midgut can be difficult for a surgeon since these abnormalities are extremely rare particularly in adults. However a thorough knowledge of embryology and anatomy will allow the complexity of a rotational anomaly to be resolved. A case of reversed rotation ...

Eight cases of duplication of the inferior vena cava are reported. Three of these bear witness to the errors of interpretation that may be committed when the anomaly is not initially detected in the ultrasonographic transverse sections and when no preliminary phlebography is available. Two other cases illustrate the influence ...

Thirteen cases of blind-ending bifid ureter are analyzed. The diagnosis was made by intravenous urogram. The distribution of the anomaly according to age, sex, location, symptomatology, and radiological features are reviewed. Blind-ending bifid ureter is not an uncommon anomaly as is generally believed. It is the purpose of this paper ...

A case report is reported of bilateral cerebellar hemispheric agenesis which was associated with secondary degeneration of cerebellofugal and cerebellopetal tracts. Somatotopic correlations between the cerebellar and the medullary olive lesions were obvious: preserved dorsal accessory olives pattern correlated with the spared vermis and normal medial accessory olives with the ...

Duplications can occur anywhere in the alimentary tract from mouth to anus. There may be multiple duplications in about 15% of cases. The most common site is in the distal ileum, in over 50% of cases. Duodenal duplications are rare, and occur in only 5-10% of the total in recent ...

The authors report a case of duplication of the entire small intestine manifested by frequent haemorrhages originating from a peptic ulcer located distally to the duplication. The peptic ulcer was provoked by the ectopic gastric mucosa of the duplication. Surgery consisted "stripping" the mucosa of the duplicated tract according to ...

A case of coexistent cystic and tubular duplications of the small intestine is presented. Staged resection resulted in maximal preservation of small intestinal length. Intraoperative radionuclide scanning is suggested as a technique to assure complete removal of ectopic gastric mucosa. The literature regarding multiple duplications is reviewed and the management ...

The author describes serious subclinical deviations of behaviour in longevity (80-90 years) in connection with 36 cases of a homogenous group of aged persons. In 4 cases she observed normal behaviour, in 13 cases the syndrome of loss of prestige, in 7 cases milder anomalies of the behaviour, in 12 ...

Duplication of band p11.2 and a small proximal portion of band p12 of chromosome 17 was noted in an infant with unusual facial appearance and left calcaneovalgus deformity. Developmental delay was documented over time. Only one other similar case has been found in the literature, but deletion of the same ...

Modern ultrasound equipments allow a detailed investigation of the fetal brain from a very early stage of development. Congenital anomalies arising from or involving the central nervous system can be accurately predicted. On the basis of their personal experience, which includes 48 cases, and of a review of the current ...