BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Numerous cases of injury to major abdominal vessels during the excision of a lumbar herniated disc have been reported, but no cases of injury during interbody fusion by a posterior approach have been described. PURPOSE: To report on an injury to common iliac vessels during a posterior lumbar ...

Male cross-breed lamb conjoined twins were sent for examination. The twins came from a farm located in the outskirts of Palermo. The twins were spontaneously delivered and found dead by the farmer. X-ray examination and necropsy were performed. The deformity was identified as deradelphus cephalo-thoracoomphalopagus. This condition has never been ...

With its increase in participation rate and complex stunts and gymnastic-like maneuvers, cheerleading injuries are on the rise. A structured narrative review of the literature was performed to discover the status of the literature on a growing yet under recognized sport. Cheerleading injuries are described in terms of distribution, etiology, ...

Sports-related concussion has gained widespread interest and media attention in recent years due to the potential dangers and long-term consequences. Despite several international consensus statements there remains a great deal of uncertainty surrounding these injuries. This paper is a review of recent literature on the topic of concussion, consisting of: ...

BACKGROUND: Herbal and dietary supplements are commonly used throughout the World. There is a tendency for underreporting their ingestion by patients and the magnitude of their use is underrecognised by Physicians. Herbal hepatotoxicity is not uncommonly encountered, but the precise incidence and manifestations have not been well characterised. AIMS: To ...

Pulse oximetry is a standard noninvasive procedure for monitoring arterial oxygen saturation. Finger injuries related to pulse oximeter use have been reported as chemical or thermal burns, sun-tanning, pressure erosion, sensory loss, and gangrene. The mechanisms of these complications have not been definitively explained; but pressure ischemia, prolonged use, overheating ...

Venlafaxine is a widely used antidepressant with relatively low occurrence of adverse side effects. Increasing evidence suggests that venlafaxine may cause severe liver damage. Until now, 10 cases of venlafaxine-related liver injuries have been reported. We describe a case of a 39-year-old woman who developed cholestatic hepatitis after intake of ...

Intrathoracic heterotopic liver tissue is an exceedingly rare clinical entity. In most patients, it is associated with other congenital defects, including cardiac anomalies, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pectus excavatum, and intralobar pulmonary sequestration. Although heterotopic liver could potentially lead to the same benign liver diseases that can affect the mother liver, ...

Fracture of the proximal humerus associated with vascular injury has rarely been reported in children, and only two cases have been reported in the literature. In adults this combination has been reported more frequently. We present the case of a 14 year old boy with proximal humeral epiphyseal separation and ...

Primary cutaneus apocrine carcinoma is a rare malignancy with about 50 cases reported in the literature. Axilla is the most common site of occurrence, but locations like scalp, anogenital region, ear canal, chest, wrist, finger and eyelid have been described. The neoplasm presents itself as an asymptomatic, slow-growing, solid or ...

Herbal hepatotoxicity is a rare and poorly described disease because reported cases are mostly scattered and lack an appropriate causality assessment. We now describe in detail the clinical picture of herbal hepatotoxicity by extracts of Greater Celandine (GC), syn. Chelidonium majus L. from the Papaveraceae family, which contain more than ...

PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequently recognized disease process in cats that requires immediate and aggressive intervention. A thorough understanding of the pathophysiologic processes underlying AKI and familiarity with the most common etiologies are essential for providing the most effective and timely therapy. Possessing this knowledge will ...

Cyanobacteria are aquatic microorganisms that pose a great threat to aquatic ecosystems by the production of dense blooms, but most importantly by the production of secondary metabolites, namely the cyanotoxins. One of these is cylindrospermopsin (CYN) a hepatotoxic polyketide derived alkaloid with well-known associated cases of animal mortalities and human ...

Hepatic endometriosis has an extremely rare occurrence characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrium in the liver. A diagnosis of hepatic endometriosis is established after surgery. A 51-year-old multiparous female was referred to our unit for investigation of a liver tumor. The patient reported a 6-month history of epigastric pain ...

OBJECTIVES.: Guidewires used in pediatric catheterization are typically floppy, soft, or J-tipped, and are generally assumed to be atraumatic. A recent sentinel case suggested that such wires may cause clinically significant pulmonary artery (PA) injury. We sought to determine the incidence of wire-related PA injury as a cause of "idiopathic" ...

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis is a disease where Histoplasma capsulatum affects multiple organs due to the inability of host cellular immunity to control the infection. Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis mainly involves the bone marrow, liver, and lungs. We report an unusual initial presentation of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as acute tenosynovitis in ...

Penetrating head injury by foreign body is relatively uncommon and has been scattered reported in the literature. In this case, a transorbital impalement wound inflicted by bamboo objects was discussed. A 61-year-old alcoholized man died from a transorbital intracranial wound due to penetration of the left orbit after falling from ...

Aims: To review all the case reports or case series of patients with adult hepatoblastoma. Methods: A search of all case reports on adult hepatoblastoma in the English literature was performed using the PubMed database. Demographic information, clinical findings, treatment modalities and outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Results: A total ...

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been implicated as a possible cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in several general review articles. We performed the first systematic review of the epidemiologic literature. METHODS: We searched PubMed for original reports published between 1/1992-12/2011 evaluating the association between NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) ...

Sarcoidosis is a non-caseous granulomatous disease which could involve numerous organs including lungs, eyes, skin, nervous system, heart, liver. However, the genitourinary tract involvement was rarely reported in sarcoidosis. We report the case of a 45-year-old married woman who presented with 2 months history of a vulval mass as large ...

The presence of anterior hip dislocation along with contralateral posterior hip dislocation in the absence of other major traumas is a distinctly rare injury pattern. We report such a case, along with a review of previous cases. A 40-year-old male patient after motorcycle skidding had posterior dislocation of the left ...

Osteochondrosis is an injury on subchondral ossification with predominance of immature skeleton and whose etiology remains unknown. It may affect the femoral condyles (usually the medial condyle) and the involvement is mostly unilateral. The authors draw the attention to this usually late diagnosis due to its infrequent occurrence and report ...

BACKGROUND: Although anterior shoulder dislocation is common in everyday practice in Emergency Departments, bilateral presentation is a rare entity. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to report two additional cases of this rare injury and to introduce a new mechanism that can produce it. We made an exhaustive review ...

Traumatic limb amputations and transections of the trunk generally indicate high impact velocities. Complete traumatic severances of the trunk in road accidents however are rarely reported in literature. We describe a case where the trunk of a motorcyclist was completely severed as he hit the post of a traffic sign. ...

Abstract Fetal thrombotic vasculopathy (FTV) is a thromboocclusive disorder of the placenta which has been reported in association with perinatal conditions such as cardiac abnormalities, neurological injury and perinatal liver disease. These complications are related to fetal circulation vascular compromise. We herein report a previously undocumented association of congenital intestinal ...

Primary liver leiomyoma (PLL) should be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver lesions. A literature review has been completed and two cases are reported. The first is a 45-year-old white woman complaining of vague abdominal pain. She was initially evaluated with abdominal ultrasonography (US) that revealed a heterogeneous liver ...

The deprivation of liberty in police custody can be associated with violent situations and traumatic injuries. The rare available data did not mention whether alleged assaults occurred at the time of the arrest or during custody. Our objectives were to describe the frequency of recent traumatic injuries observed in detainees ...

Conducted electrical weapons (CEWs) such as the TASER are often used by law enforcement (LE) personnel during suspect apprehension. Previous studies have reported an excellent safety profile and few adverse outcomes with CEW use in adults. We analyzed the safety and injury profile of CEWs when used during LE apprehension ...

SUMMARY - Post-intubation tracheal injury is a rare and potentially fatal complication. The most common causes are overinflation ofendotracheal tube cuffs and multiple intubation attempts in emergency cases. The diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological suspicion of tracheal injury confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Decision between conservative and surgical management ...

We present a case of accessory gallbladder demonstrating an anatomical variation not previously reported. While rare, accessory gallbladders are an important consideration if a cholecystectomy is to be performed. We also present a brief literature review of accessory gallbladders.

BACKGROUND: Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory drug frequently used for treatment of patients with multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndromes. This report presents a rare case of lenalidomide-associated hepatotoxicity and reviews the available literature. Case Report: A 67-year-old male with multiple myeloma was hospitalized with nausea, vomiting and jaundice, while treated with ...

We report a case of irreducible dorsal dislocation of all the lesser metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot following injury at sport. Plantar plate prevented reduction at all the joints, which necessitated an open reduction and stabilization with K-wire. This report highlights the necessity of prompt open reduction and reviews the ...

BACKGROUND: Herbal hepatotoxicity is a field that has rapidly grown over the last few years along with increased use of herbal products worldwide. AIMS: To summarize the various facets of this disease, we undertook a literature search for herbs, herbal drugs and herbal supplements with reported cases of herbal hepatotoxicity. ...

The pyogenic liver abscess caused by Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a rare, but rapidly fatal infection. It is usually associated with malignancy and immunosuppression. We report the case of 50-year-old lady with the secondary liver metastases from rectal cancer presented with fever and epigastric pain. The identification of Gram-positive ...

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pelvic dysplastic kidney is very rare. To our knowledge, there is no case report in the literature that discusses the diagnosis and management of ectopic pelvic dysplastic kidney in trauma. OBJECTIVES: To report an unusual organ injury after abdominal blunt trauma. CASE REPORT: A 23-year-old man presented to ...

Tissue injury and inflammation following ischemia and reperfusion of various organs have been recognized for many years. Many reviews have been written over the last several decades outlining the role of complement in ischemia/reperfusion injury. This short review provides a current state of the art knowledge on the complement pathways ...

Study design:  Case report. Objective:  To describe a case of spinal cord transection in a 6-year-old child. Background information:  Non-missile injury of the spinal cord is not common and its incidence varies according to the country. In addition, to our knowledge, there are no published reports of spinal cord injury ...

The incidence of multiple noncontiguous spinal injuries (MNSI) in the cervical spine is rare but has catastrophic consequences. The patient in this report was a 34-year-old woman with five-level cervical MNSI. CT and MRI showed that injuries included atlantoaxial instability, burst fracture of C6, dislocation of C6/7, rupture of the ...

Primary fingernail changes that result from chemical exposures are seldom encountered in clinical practice. A cluster investigation was conducted on employees at a pesticide packaging company. Six employees reported simultaneous onset of defects occurring in their fingernails, including nail discoloration, nail dimpling, and nail shedding. Multiple pesticides and herbicides including ...

One case of traumatic forequarter amputation associated acute lung injury (ALI) was presented. A discussion reviewing the treatment guidelines for this devastating injury, and pointing out the importance of supporting the lung and preventing the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was included.

A systematic review. The number of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) reports grows annually, especially in China and Korea. The epidemiological characteristics of TSCI in Asia differ from those in other countries. Thus, we compiled epidemiological factors from Asia to compare with those from other countries. We searched articles published ...

Congenital abnormalities of the liver are rare with prior descriptions of lobar or segmental agenesis, Reidel's lobe, and ectopic hepatic lobes. Intrathoracic ectopic hepatic lobes have been reported in many instances; however, there is only one documented case of abnormally positioned liver tissue within the inferior vena cava (J Chapman-Fredricks, ...

Climate change describes variation in regional or global climates over time. The question of how climate change affects skin disease remains largely unanswered. We reviewed the English-language literature describing the influence of climate change on skin. Relatively few publications detail aspects of how climate change affects skin. Direct effects include ...

The aim of this study is to describe the corneal changes in three unrelated patients with ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip and palate (EEC) syndrome and review the literature on the possible etiology and clinical presentation of similar cases. Case 1 is an 18-year-old female with cleft lip and palate, syndactyly, and ...

We report a unique case of multicentric reticulohistiocytosis (MRH) associated with liver carcinoma. A 61-year-old man presented with a 4-month history of nonpruritic, generalized, ruby-red papules and nodules, accompanied by fever, joint swelling and difficulty in swallowing. Skin histology showed polymorphic histiocyte infiltration with typical 'ground glass' cytoplasm. Further immunohistochemical ...

Pleuropulmonary amebiasis is the 2nd most common extraintestinal site of amebiasis after liver abscess. We describe a man with pleuropulmonary amebiasis presenting with pulmonary consolidation and pleural effusion. In patients with pneumonia coming from endemic countries such as Lebanon, pleuropulmonary amebiasis should be considered in the setting of chocolate-colored sputum, ...

Thirteen cases with myxomatous changes of the corneal stroma have been reported to date. We report six additional cases with clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical data. The clinical appearance is most often a gelatinous, whitish elevation with insidious onset. Histopathologically, there are inconspicuous spindle- and stellate-shaped cells in a loose, myxoid ...

We present a case of an adolescent with lower gastrointestinal bleeding caused by a colorectal venous malformation (VM) with concomitant portal hypertension. After an episode of massive gastrointestinal bleeding, we performed an extended right hemicolectomy and resection of the VM and selective portosystemic shunt. Here, we present the case and ...

Background. Penetrating injuries to the chest and in particular to the heart that results in pericardial tamponade and cardiac arrest requires immediate resuscitative thoracotomy as the only lifesaving technique and should be performed without delay. Objective. To describe an external cardiac tamponade caused by massive tension hemothorax from penetrating injury ...

This case report reviews the ECG manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Distinct changes of the P-wave axis, QRS axis and morphology are a direct result of the pathophysiological and anatomical changes associated with COPD. These changes are illustrated in a patient with a history of COPD presenting with ...