Traumatic mandibular condyle dislocations into the middle cranial fossa are rare. Thirty-three cases of middle cranial fossa injuries caused by condylar dislocations have been reported in the literature. A case report of a patient with a traumatic dislocated condyle into the middle cranial fossa, which was treated conservatively, is presented.

We report a case of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease (CPDD) presenting as an acute polyarthritis. A 66-yr-old woman was admitted with a 5-day history of fever and multiple joint pain including wrists, elbows, shoulders, knees, and ankles developed 5 days before admission. Her plain radiographs of wrists, elbows, ...

Fractures of the mandibular condylar process are common and account for up to 40% of all mandibular fractures. Penetration of the condylar head into the middle cranial fossa is, however, rare. We have found reports of only 43 cases since 1834. The diagnosis of intracranial condylar dislocation is difficult, there ...

The condition known as longitudinal epiphyseal bracket or delta phalanx is a rare congenital anomaly that affects the tubular bones of hand or foot. Metatarsal epiphyseal bracket restrains longitudinal growth, causing progressive deformity and resulting in a short, broad metatarsal and a medially deviated metatarsophalangeal joint and hallux magnus. Although ...

Bilateral dislocations of the shoulders are uncommon. Of the cases which do present, the majority are posterior and occur secondary to seizures associated with epilepsy, electrocution and hypoglycaemia. Bilateral anterior dislocations are thought to be very rare. This report describes such a case which occurred following minor trauma in an ...

Volar dislocation of the carpometacarpal joint of the little finger is an uncommon injury. It is subdivided in ulnopalmar and radiopalmar dislocations. The injury can easily be missed on standard x-rays. Closed reduction and K-wire fixation has commonly been used in the treatment, although closed reduction and casting has been ...

Dislocation of the extensor tendon over the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) is rare. Involvement of the fifth ray is even more exceptional. The authors of the present study describe such a case that occurred in a professional musician. We report a divergent dislocation of both extensor tendons over the metacarpophalangeal joint ...

To analyze conflicting evidence in the literature for the association between temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and generalized joint hypermobility (GJH), we performed a bibliographic search. The methodological quality of the 14 papers found was assessed according to 14 criteria. Papers were included in the analysis if the study population was ...

Posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint is an uncommon injury. Since 1824, when Sir Astley Cooper described the injury, little more than 100 cases have been described, and the majority of these have been in the last decade, identified by computed tomography. The significant morbidity and mortality associated with this ...

Fungal prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is rare, with Candida species being the most frequently reported pathogen in the medical literature. The risk of relapse following delayed reimplantation arthroplasty for candidal PJI is unknown. We describe 4 new cases and summarize 6 previously reported cases of candidal PJI treated with delayed ...

We report an unusual use of the arthroscope in the case of a man who accidentally shot himself through his left thigh, the bullet ending up in the ipsilateral knee joint. After radiographic diagnosis, the bullet was successfully removed through a standard arthroscopic procedure. The patient had a quick and ...

Intra-articular entrapment of the medial epicondyle with dislocation of the elbow is a common injury pattern in childhood. The occurrence of this injury is extremely rare in adults. We present two cases of dislocation of the elbow with intra-articular inclusion of the medial epicondyle in adult patients. One case was ...

We retrospectively reviewed the surgical treatment for 16 cases of traumatic soft tissue injury to the metacarpophalangeal joint (Boxer's knuckle). A history of trauma was present in all cases and there was an associated extensor tendon dislocation in seven cases. Eight cases were initially treated conservatively, but their symptoms persisted. ...

Pseudogout is an acute presentation of one type of crystal deposition disease in which calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals are found in the joint spaces of synovial joints. In this case, a 56-year-old caucasian male presented with right sided preauricular swelling, temporomandibular joint arthralgia and restricted mouth opening; he developed identical ...

Flexor carpi radialis tendinitis is an uncommon cause of pain experienced over the flexor aspect of the wrist. It may be a primary condition caused by overuse syndrome, or it may be a secondary condition associated with osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb, osteoarthritis of the scaphotrapezial joint, ...

Harris-Galante modular acetabular components (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN) have been used widely for primary and revision total hip arthroplasties. The survivorship of this implant has been well documented in the literature. Failure of the liner locking mechanism and subsequent dissociation of the polyethylene liner from the metal-backed shell is a potential ...

Chronic dislocation of the temporomandibular jaw (TMJ) can result from lax joint ligaments and parafunctioning joints; it can also be a consequence of a systemic connective tissue disorder. The authors report a case of hypermobile joint syndrome in combination with mitral valve prolapse. The case was managed by osteosynthesis using ...

Metallosis is usually defined as aseptic fibrosis, local necrosis, or loosening of a device secondary to metallic corrosion and release of wear debris. It is an occasional but characteristic clinical finding in patients who have a metal-on-metal design of total hip replacement, or when metal surfaces contact after a failure ...

Combined dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the thumb is uncommon. We know of only four previously reported cases. We report a new case characterised by dorsal dislocation of both joints. Because of entrapment of the volar plate, open reduction at the interphalangeal joint was necessary. The metacarpophalangeal ...

The dislocated hip in a non-ambulatory child with spastic paresis tends to be a painful interference to sleep, sitting upright, and perineal care. Proximal femoral resection-interposition arthroplasty is one method of treatment for this condition. We reviewed eight hips, two bilateral cases, with a mean follow-up of 30 months. Clinical ...

Symphalangism is a rare condition which manifests in either PIP or DIP joint congenital fusion. Symphalangism may be with some other skeletal deformities. In our case, all PIP joints of both hands were fused with bilateral hypoplasia of carpal bones and Minaar type III lunatotriquetral coalition congenitally. No motion was ...

Atlanto-axial rotatory fixation (AARF) is a rare condition which occurs more commonly in children than in adults. The terminology can be confusing and the condition is also known as 'atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation' and 'atlanto-axial rotary dislocation'. Rotatory fixation is the preferred term, however, as in most cases the fixation occurs ...

Representatives of the staphylinid beetle Philonthus marginatus are characterized by highly modified raptorial forelegs which are used to strike prey in a particularly fast manner. Beetles ready to capture prey remain in a characteristic precapture ambush posture characterized by lifted and folded forelegs. Triggered by sensory input from the antenna ...

Post-traumatic high flow priapism is a rare disease. A review of English published reports revealed 63 cases. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the penis has not previously been used as a diagnostic method for post-traumatic high flow priapism. We present a case of post-traumatic high flow priapism diagnosed with enhanced ...

STUDY DESIGN: Two cases of successful sacroiliac joint arthrodesis for medically intractable aseptic sacroiliitis are reported. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Although successful arthrodesis of the sacroiliac joint had been reported previously for septic sacroiliitis, no report had shown the procedure to be effective for spondylarthropathy. METHODS: Two women with spondylarthropathy ...

Infantile digital fibromatosis (recurrent digital fibromatosis) is a rare, benign fibrous growth of childhood. The authors present a case of a 16-year-old child with an infantile digital fibromatosis on the volar surface of the right little finger at the distal interphalangeal joint level. After excision of the tumor, histopathologic diagnosis ...

Ligamentous laxity is common in Trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome). The literature has numerous reports of atlanto-axial instability, patellar instability, carpal instability and other manifestations of joint instability. To date, no report has been published in the English literature describing non-traumatic unilateral or bilateral wrist dislocation either in trisomy 21 or ...

Traumatic atlanto-occipital dislocation is a rarely seen clinical entity, because it is too often fatal. The case of an 8-year-old boy is presented with an anterior atlanto-occipital dislocation. He suffered from multiple injuries: severe head injury and coma, fractures of both femurs and one tibia. He was considered an incomplete ...

BACKGROUND: Very few published reports in the otolaryngologic literature discuss sternoclavicular joint swelling encountered in the postoperative setting. METHODS: The authors document a case of sternoclavicular joint swelling after medialization laryngoplasty. This report is supplemented with a review of the medical literature related to pertinent conditions affecting the sternoclavicular joint. ...

We report a case of dislocation of the polyethylene inlay in revision total knee arthroplasty. Eight days after revision arthroplasty due to a previous infection, the polyethylene inlay of a PCL- retaining cemented total knee arthroplasty dislocated at about 80 degrees of flexion on the CPM machine. Lateral X-ray examination ...

Posterior facet talocalcaneal coalition is one of the rarest forms of talocalcaneal coalition. When a posterior facet coalition occurs, it typically involves a majority of the posterior facet articular surface. The authors present a rare form of posterior facet talocalcaneal coalition in an 11- year-old girl. A brief review of ...

Discoid lateral meniscus is a well-studied and documented entity of the knee whereas discoid medial meniscus is an extremely rare pathology. There are no more than 25 cases of medial discoid menisci reported in the literature. Some articles report bilateral lateral menisci as well as bilateral medial menisci, but there ...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a 59-year-old Japanese woman is reported, including details of clinical, histopathological and radiological findings. The patient had been diagnosed as having RA of the right knee joint 41 years previously, and suffered from arthralgia of the right TMJ. Radiological examination showed ...

STUDY DESIGN: A case report of nerve root entrapment due to pigmented villonodular synovitis of lumbar facet joint is reported for which excision was performed. OBJECTIVE: To report a rare cause for nerve root claudication. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Pigmented villonodular synovitis is an uncommon synovial abnormality with an estimated ...

We report a case of a nodular variant of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee that developed after an arthroscopic lateral release of the synovium by laser for an unrelated condition. This case, the first reported case of pigmented villonodular synovitis following laser treatment, lends weight to the etiological association ...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disease that has come to limelight in the rreent past to account for various ear, nose and throat disorders. Fifty patients from my outpatient department, presenting with chronic dry paroxysmal cough, choking spells, globus sensation, voice change, burning throat syndrome, dysphagia were evaluated, with ...

Review of five cases of post-traumatic syringomyelia originally described between 1898-1920. To describe the earliest presentation of post-traumatic syringomyelia and to compare to modern day views of this condition. Historical review. Pathogenesis and interpretation of the findings are discussed in the light of current knowledge. Credit for the first description ...

A series of 199 total hip arthroplasties was performed using a porous-coated, hemispherical press-fit acetabular cup. At a mean follow-up of 91.5 months 158 cups were available for clinical and radiological review. The mean age of the patients at the time of the index arthroplasty was 62.5 years. The mean ...

The attachment of the superior glenohumeral ligament (SGHL) to the upper pole of the glenoid is variable and 3 types have been described. We report an anatomic variant of SGHL attachment to the upper pole of the glenoid that has not heretofore been reported in the literature. In this case, ...

We report an unusual case of Langerhans cell granulomatosis (LCG) manifested as a villous synovial proliferation in a 38-year-old female jogger. One year after the onset of joint symptoms, she had a classical LCG presentation with skin and visceral lymph node involvement. Review of the literature revealed only one case ...

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) rarely affects the shoulder. Fewer than 30 cases have been reported in the English and French language literature. In those patients, PVNS was treated by open surgery involving total or local synovectomy, sometimes associated with total shoulder replacement, cuff tear repair, or arthroplastic head resection. The ...

The case of a 22-year-old man with synovial chondromatosis (SC) of the shoulder joint is described. A literature review confirmed that SC of the glenohumeral joint is very rare and that the etiology of the disease is still unknown. The diagnosis is often delayed, and the preferred form of management ...

We report a case of synovial chondromatosis of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the dominant right index finger with a follow-up of four years. The lesion recurred within a year of complete excision of the fibrous sac containing cartilaginous nodules. Despite early recurrence and extensive calcification around the proximal phalanx, ...

A Roman skeleton (T.130) from the roman necropolis of Casalecchio di Reno has been studied in order to understand if the hypothesis of crutch use, suggested by the severe articular degeneration at the hip joint that caused evident reduction of his locomotory possibilities, could be supported by the morphological alterations ...

Synovium is specialized mesenchymal tissue that is essential for the appropriate function of the locomotor apparatus. It is the site for a series of pathologic processes that are characteristic, and in some cases specific, to this distinctive tissue. In this article, the normal microscopic anatomy of synovium is briefly reviewed. ...

A 59-year-old man presented with an inability to weight-bear due to an acute, red, hot, swollen knee joint which was subsequently found to be due to a malignant joint effusion consequent to colonic carcinoma. Treatment with radiation therapy relieved his symptoms. A review of the literature reveals that malignant joint ...

Traumatic overdistraction between C1 and C2 may occur when all the ligaments connecting C2 to the skull are ruptured, and may be manifested when an attempt to reduce C1-C2 subluxation is made by means of traction. We describe here the case of a patient with traumatic anterior atlantoaxial dislocation, who ...

All reports agree that the physiological genu varum is a normal condition in early childhood which does not require any treatment, but there is no documentation to correlate between the clinical and radiographic severity of the varus deformity in early childhood and the prognosis in later life. Seventy three cases ...

STUDY DESIGN: Case report of spontaneous Fielding and Hawkins Type I atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in a 78-year-old man after hemiplegia and homonymous hemianopsia caused by cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVES: To describe a case of spontaneous atlantoaxial rotatory fixation in old age and review previous adult cases of atlantoaxial rotatory fixation without ...

There are few references in the literature to an isolated lateral tarsometatarsal joint arthrodesis. Most references include it as a component of a Lisfranc's joint arthrodesis, which usually involves arthrodesis of at least the intermediate tarsometatarsal joint. A case report involving the treatment of an isolated lateral tarsometatarsal joint arthrosis ...