We report three athletes with symptomatic isolated ganglion of the anterior cruciate ligament. The symptoms consisted of anteromedial knee pain, worse when changing direction while running, and on squatting. All gave a history of repeated minor knee trauma without a single episode of serious injury. At day-case arthroscopy, a unilobulated ...

The Dundee Limb Fitting Centre has provided an integrated rehabilitation programme for the amputee since 1965. A review of 1846 primary amputees is discussed. During this period a dramatic change in the above-knee/below-knee (AK/BK) ratio has been achieved with 71% BK and 26% AK occurring in 1989. Over 80% of ...

Pyarthrosis of the knee with Nocardia asteroides occurred concomitantly with thorn synovitis in an 11-year-old boy who was otherwise healthy. A review of the orthopedic and infectious disease literatures did not disclose a similar report. Contrary to common teaching, effusions from joints violated by thorns should not be presumed sterile. ...

A clinical analysis of 27 cases of arthrodesis of the great toe with Herbert screws, which include 5 male and 22 female patients with an average age of 60.2 years and an average follow-up period of of 14.1 months was accomplished. The data reveals an average reduction of the first ...

We present case of bipolar dislocation of the right clavicle in a 26 year-old man. He was treated by open reduction plus internal fixation with Kirschner wires at the acromioclavicular joint, and orthopedic reduction of the sternoclavicular joint plus percutaneous osteosynthesis with Kirschner wires. An excellent (functional and cosmetic) result ...

In 20% of the cases Juvenile Chronic Arthritis (JCA) has a monoarticular onset. Usually the inflammatory process spreads out to other joints with pauciarticular or polyarticular course. Very rarely the disease persists in one joint only and this is in about 70% of the cases, the knee. We describe a ...

A case report of an avulsion fracture of the coracoid process associated with a type III acromioclavicular dislocation is presented. The mechanism of injury and results of treatment in eighteen previously reported cases in the English-language literature are reviewed. Both operative and nonoperative treatment appear to offer equally favorable results. ...

Dislocations of the sternoclavicular joint are uncommon, with the posterior variety having a potential for considerable morbidity. Radiologic management and diagnosis can be difficult. In this review article, the joint anatomy and mechanisms of dislocation are discussed and the incidence and clinical manifestations described. Six case reports are presented to ...

A complete discoid medial meniscus with a longitudinal tear was found in a 41-year-old man and treated by arthroscopy. The symptomatology was characterized by a sharp pain corresponding to the medial joint line, slight intrarticular effusion without locking or loss of motion. A review of the literature is described.

Damage to the brachial artery associated with closed elbow dislocation but without accompanying fracture is rare. Only 25 cases have been reported to date. We present a case that responded well to brachial artery vein grafting, and review the literature on this subject. Operative repair is recommended in this uncommon ...

One of the major disadvantages of sagittal arthrotomography of the temporomandibular joint is its limited capability to detect sideways (medial or lateral) disk displacement. Several arthrographic signs, suggesting sideways disk displacement have been described in recent reports. The most important one is the edge sign. In doubtful cases, arthro-CT can ...

A case of dislocated first and second metatarsophalangeal joints was reported along with the mechanics and mechanism of injury. The practitioner must be familiar with the mechanism of injury and radiographic classification to determine the proper indications for closed versus open reduction. The authors' review of the literature did not ...

During a 1-year period 4 children, aged 4-14 years, suffering from traumatic dislocation of the hip were treated at H. F. Verwoerd Hospital. This is a rare injury and constitutes 0.335% of injuries seen in this unit. Two cases of anterior dislocations, which are even more rare, are included in ...

Complete knee dislocation usually causes disruption of both the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments. Four cases of complete knee dislocation without posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) disruption are reported. All cases involved either anterior or anteromedial dislocation with anterior cruciate ligament disruption and collateral ligament injury, but without posterior cruciate disruption. ...

Fracture-dislocation of the lumbosacral junction is an extremely rare injury. The authors are aware of only 24 reported cases. Only seven of these were unilateral facet dislocations. In this report, the authors review their experience with four cases of unilateral facet dislocations at the lumbosacral junction. In one of these ...

Seventy-one cemented total hip arthroplasties (THAs) were reviewed following removal of the all-titanium alloy femoral stem. Fifty-one hips were primary arthroplasties that failed due to aseptic loosening, 8 were previous revisions with aseptic loosening, and 12 were removed for infection. The average duration of service for the three groups was ...

A prospective study of randomized analysis treatment of 50 cases of frozen shoulder was carried out in 3 Swiss medical centres. Three separate aetiological groups were studied: post-traumatic (40%), neurological (14%) and idiopathic (46%). An increased radioisotope bone scan (99 mTc diphosphonate) was found in 96% of cases, regardless of ...

Two hundred and ten specimens were examined anatomically to study the different shapes of the suprapatellar bursa. It is possible to classify the morphologic variants of the suprapatellar bursa into three types. A bursa not subdivided was found in 83% and named Type A. A bursa subdivided by a vertical ...

Although anatomic variations in the origin of both the coracobrachialis or biceps brachii have been observed, there have been no previous reports of clinical relevance. In a 22-year-old man, recognition and mobilization of an accessory long head of the biceps brachii was necessary for adequate exposure of the shoulder joint ...

Chondrodiatasis (symmetric physeal distraction) was carried out in 5 patients with short femora because of congenital dislocations of the hip joint (4 patients) and congenital shortening (1 patient). In all but 1 case the physis closed shortly after lengthening, and loss of gained length or further shortening ensued in all ...

A case of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint is reported in which initial clinical and radiographic data indicated disk derangement. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed distention and thickening of the lateral capsule but could not delineate the numerous loose bodies found at arthrotomy. The literature is reviewed, and diagnosis and ...

An unusual case of suspected lateral subtalar joint dislocation was reported. A review of the literature found that medial dislocations were reported four times more frequently than lateral dislocations. Half of the cases of subtalar dislocation reviewed here described associated fractures, the incidence of which was higher in lateral dislocations. ...

A case of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the right temporomandibular joint with extension through the base of the skull into the middle cranial fossa is described. The patient initially had right-sided hearing loss. Physical examination revealed a mass in the right ear canal. Computerized axial tomography demonstrated a destructive lesion ...

An unusual case of calcium pyrophosphate arthropathy (pseudogout) involving the temporomandibular joint of a 53-year-old woman presented clinically as an ear canal tumor. Further evaluation and surgical exploration disclosed chondrocalcinosis of the temporomandibular joint with involvement of the bones at the left base of the skull. This case report emphasizes ...

Thirty five cases of tennis elbow (17 unilateral, nine bilateral) were studied with infrared thermography and isotopic bone scanning. A hot focus was visualised in 16 of 17 cases of unilateral tennis elbow (94%) and in all nine cases of bilateral tennis elbow (100%) on infrared thermography, and abnormal increased ...

A review of 50 cases of a proximally modular noncemented stem has been carried out. The primary method of fixation was a proximal threaded sleeve which was screwed into bone. Mean follow-up was 5.2 years. Six cases were revised, two for stem loosening. The remaining cases rate 69% excellent, 14.3% ...

A case of bilateral ankylosis of the hip in a 3-year-old child due to heterotopic ossification of the iliopsoas following a long period of coma is presented. A review of the literature has failed to reveal a similar case with such extensive heterotopic ossification. The patient was treated successfully by ...

Synovial chondrometaplasia, also known as synovial chondromatosis, is a rare disease affecting the synovial membrane and characterized by a nodular proliferation of metaplastic cartilage. It most commonly involves large joints such as the knee, hip, and elbow, but its presence in unusual locations such as small joints and the temporomandibular ...

Retrosternal dislocation of the clavicle is an uncommon injury which may affect the mediastinal structures in a life-threatening way. Therefore, computed tomography is mandatory. Manipulation in the acute situation is the treatment of choice. In case of failure or old dislocation, open reduction with stabilization of the joint is required. ...

Nonhuman primates are known to be susceptible to many of the arthritides that afflict humans. Psoriatic like spondyloarthropathies have been reported in gorillas and skeletal hyperostosis in gibbons, rhesus monkeys, and gorillas, and additional cases of both of these conditions occurring in drills (baboons) are noted in this report. One ...

Recurrent dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint is a rare injury. This report presents a case of bilateral recurrent dislocations of the proximal tibiofibular joint in a jet skier that responded to physical therapy and activity modification. A review of the literature is provided, with attention to the mechanism of ...

The use of abduction splintage in the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip has an important morbidity. Six children who developed complications are presented in this paper. Sustained splintage of an unreduced hip, overcorrection of the femoral head displacement, avascular necrosis of the femoral head, full thickness pressure sores, ...

Three hundred six neonates referred to a research clinic for vibration arthrometry were studied to determine whether the application of objective methods could enhance the accuracy of hip examinations. A total of 629 vibration episodes (hip "clicks" and "clunks") were detected using miniature accelerometers and recorded during testing for congenital ...

Two infants who had multiple joint dislocations, unusual facies, and bony abnormalities, typical of the syndrome first reported by Larsen et al. (J. Pediatr., 37 (1950) 574-581) are described. This report expands Larsen's syndrome to include the following findings of temporal bone pathology. Case 1 (one year and 8 months ...

Cineradiography was used to study six patients with os odontoideum. Atlantoaxial kinematics was analyzed with the relative motion of the atlas on the axis. In all cases, the tracing of the anterior arch was straight in the sagittal plane, whereas the posterior arch moved in two different configurations: straight and ...

The diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have been a source of controversy in the dental community for decades. This controversy has been especially acute in the management of patients with anteromedial disk displacement (ADD) with reduction. This article presents a review of the literature specifically concerning the long-term ...

A case was reviewed of a 52-year-old woman who underwent vitallium-mold arthroplasty of the right knee in 1958. After more than 30 years her Hospital for Special Surgery knee score continued to show an excellent rating. The anatomic-designed implant, made of cobalt-chrome material and inserted cementless, appears to have withstood ...

Asymptomatic loose bodies were detected in the temporomandibular joint of a 62-year-old woman during an examination before comprehensive dental care. The radiologic interpretation was synovial chondrometaplasia (synovial osteochondromatosis). A histologic diagnosis was not obtained, because surgery was unwarranted in view of the lack of symptoms and the benign differential diagnosis. ...

The foramen of Huschke, which appears during the embryological development of the tympanic bone, usually closes by the age of five years. A review of 377 dried skulls revealed that the foramen of Huschke was present in adult life in 7% of the skulls examined. A patent foramen of Huschke ...

The case of a table tennis player suffering from intra-articular loose bodies of the elbow is reported. The patient developed the first signs of osteochondritis dissecans of the right lateral humeral condyle at age 16 but underwent surgery only 6 yr later. He has now resumed training and competition, despite ...

"Internal" extraarticular snapping hip, rare and often misdiagnosed, can cause functional limitation of the hip and severe gait disturbances. It is provoked by the iliopsoas tendon which catches on the lesser trochanter or the iliopectineal eminence, as in the case described in this paper. Standard surgical treatment consists in lengthening ...

Recurrent dislocation of the elbow is extremely rare in children. Surgical correction must be aimed at the specific pathology present in each case. Transfer of the biceps tendon and a central slip of the triceps were successful in an 8-year-old boy who had sustained six dislocations in 2 years.

The authors reported a case of recurrent dislocation of the patella associated with Down's syndrome. As for treatment, it is important to consider the levels of intelligence and daily activity, severe obesity, and certain internal medical conditions associated with this disease. Primary orthotic treatment is recommended for subluxation or reducible ...

The carotid artery lies in close relationship to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Manipulation of the mandible during TMJ surgery has been observed in several cases to be directly associated with the development of sinus bradycardia as the joint is distracted during arthrotomy and arthroplasty procedures. We report several cases and ...

Chondrocalcinosis, also known as pseudogout, a calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease, has been reported in many joints of the human body. A review of the literature reveals few reported cases of pseudogout of the ankle and various uncertainties of the etiology of pseudogout. The authors offer a review of ...

Thirty-six patients underwent C1-2 posterior wiring and fusion procedures over a 5-year period for unstable C-2 fractures (eight cases), unstable atlas-axis combination fractures (six cases), rheumatoid C1-2 instability (14 cases), os odontoideum (four cases), traumatic C1-2 ligamentous instability (three cases), or instability secondary to a C-2 tumor (one case). In ...

Traumatic atlanto-occipital dislocation has usually been considered incompatible with life. However, reports on survivors stress the need for early clinical diagnosis of this condition, particularly in the context of multiple trauma, in order to avoid life-threatening diagnostic manipulations and to provide adequate treatment. Five instances of atlanto-occipital dislocation in children ...

Traumatic dislocation of the testicle is a rare injury generally resulting from severe scrotal trauma and displacement of the testicle into the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the external inguinal ring. The authors report here the extremely unusual case of an abdominal dislocation of the testicle in a young patient with an ...

The Oxford knee is a unicompartmental knee prosthesis with a polyethylene meniscal bearing. Anterior dislocation or medial subluxation has been described in lateral compartment arthroplasties. The authors present the case of a medial dislocation of the lateral meniscal bearing and a review of the literature concerning meniscal bearing instability in ...

Traumatic dislocation of the hip joint is an uncommon injury in children. The present report on this traumatic emergency is based on the authors' own observations of three cases and a review of the literature. The main problem is the possible development of avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The ...