Hysterectomy in Pakistan, like in other parts of the world is considered to be overused in a number of cases. As a part of a quality assurance process at the Aga Khan University Medical Centre, Karachi, 376 hysterectomies performed between January, 1987 and December, 1989 were retrospectively analysed and the ...

The pathology of 61 cases of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis was reviewed and the relative frequency of the histological features associated with the cornoid lamella and the pathology within and outside the porokeratotic rim were assessed. Papillary dermal lymphocytic infiltrate (97%), spinous layer vacuolar changes (90%), dyskeratotic cells in the ...

We report a case of infective iliopsoas bursitis, and to our knowledge a similar case has not been described. The anatomical relation between the bursa and the hip, and related pathological conditions are reviewed. The contribution of CT-guided catheterisation is emphasised as it allows aspiration of fluid, injection of radio-opaque ...

We report 2 cases of paravertebral soft tissue lesions with the histologic features of juvenile xanthogranuloma, both of which occurred in infants. Juvenile xanthogranuloma situated in the soft tissue is rare. We describe 2 cases with similar clinical and pathologic features; there has been no recurrence at 1 and 2 ...

An unusual case of avascular necrosis of the talus secondary to chronic steroid usage is presented, along with a review of the literature. Etiologic factors as well as radiographic and clinical features will be discussed. Possible treatment alternatives will be reviewed. With greater knowledge of this pathologic process, prompt diagnosis ...

All patients presenting with double vision as a principal symptom who presented to the Casualty Department of Moorfields Eye Hospital over a nine month period were prospectively investigated. Two hundred and seventy five patients were identified accounting for 1.4% of all casualties. Monocular diplopia was commoner than expected accounting for ...

Pathology is a discipline that is often approached with some reserve by nonpathologists. In this four-part series the author aims to 'demystify' the subject. The objective of this first article is to improve understanding of the purposes, limitations and methodology of pathology. In essence the role of the diagnostic histopathologist ...

Adult-onset dystonia-parkinsonism is a syndrome in search of a pathology. We therefore reviewed the literature on dystonic manifestations in autopsy-proven cases of multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Only 6 of 140 autopsy reports of MSA remarked on the presence of dystonia in ...

The case reported in this paper, besides illustrating many of the clinical and pathological aspects of chronic dermatomyositis, documents a yet undescribed feature of involvement of the heart in dermatomyositis, namely endomyocardial fibrosis. The pathogenetic mechanism of such a happening is discussed, and its possible relationship to tropical endomyocardial fibrosis ...

Two cases of homicidal electrocutions are reported. A woman and her young son were killed in 1980 by her ex-husband. The criminal used electrical force as a method of killing. He wound flexible conducting wires around the limbs of the victims and switched on the current. He deliberately deceived his ...

The clinicopathological findings are presented of two cases of mesolimbocortical dementia. Both cases were characterised by late onset slowly progressive personality changes and progressive intellectual deterioration without clinical Parkinsonism. Neuropathological findings revealed non-specific neuronal degeneration, Holzer and GFAP positive gliosis primarily affecting the limbic system, caudate, thalamus and substantia nigra. ...

Aiming at increasing our understanding of the various causative factors of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis (NIHF) and their pathogenetic mechanisms, we have reviewed 59 cases of this condition from a total number of 4,175 pediatric post-mortem studies performed at the Department of Pathology of the Hospital La Paz from 1967 to ...

Silicones, used extensively in the fabrication of medical devices because they were presumed inert and biocompatible, are now well-recognized inducers of localized granulomatous inflammation. Silicones less commonly are also associated with more complex clinico-pathologic entities. In this communication, the authors present a case of a patient on chronic hemodialysis involving ...

Authors report 6 cases of benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC), a rare disease of unknown etiology first described 30 years ago by Summerskill and Walshe, and thought to represent a study model for human cholestasis. Clinical, biochemical and pathologic findings of BRIC are briefly summarized in this paper in order ...

A case of progressive dementia in a 68-year-old woman was characterized by the postmortem finding of widespread argyrophilic grains in the cerebral cortex. The grains consisted of 10- to 13-nm filaments in deposits ranging up to 9 microns in length and 3 microns in diameter. The grains stained positive with ...

We describe 4 cases of gross hematuria in young men due to papillary urethral lesions composed of prostatic-type epithelium. The clinical presentation, cystourethroscopic and pathological findings, and management are reviewed. A possible histogenesis is proposed based on a comparison of surgical biopsy tissues from 4 cases with prostatic urethral sections ...

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the spleen is an extremely rare benign lesion. We herein report an additional case of a 64-year-old man with IPT of spleen to compare with seven cases previously reported in the literature. However, the immunohistochemical studies has demonstrated to polyclonality of plasma cells which was comparable ...

This paper describes two cases of expulsive choroidal haemorrhage (ECH) where the final corrected visual acuity was 6/5. The management of one case consisted simply of vitrectomy; and the other of suprachoroidal drainage of blood followed by vitrectomy. The pathological findings in a series of eyes enucleated following ECH are ...

The medicolegal importance of volatile substance abuse, as an example of toxicological deaths, is reviewed. A case of a 13-year-old boy who died after inhalation of volatile substances from a deodorant spray tin is presented. Another similar case has been summarized in the discussion. Different aspects of volatile substance abuse ...

A case of angiographically occult brainstem vascular malformation presenting solely with pathological laughing and crying is reported. Although this emotional syndrome has been seen in association with several different pathological entities, review of the literature failed to identify its occurrence as the only clinical expression of angiographically occult brainstem vascular ...

We report the clinical and neuropathologic findings of a 63-year-old woman who died following an accidental lithium overdose that produced coma, respiratory depression, horizontal gaze palsy, and downbeating nystagmus. She also had mild hypomagnesemia. The pathology was cytotoxicity, predominantly in the regions of the nuclei prepositus hypoglossi and medial vestibular ...

This paper reports on clinical, laboratory, and pathologic findings of 10 cases of an idiopathic form of hyperpigmentation of the clavicular zone, a peculiar entity of circumscribed, glistening, pigmented lesions affecting young Latin women. Pathologic findings consisted of focal to extensive necrosis of the epidermis, focal areas of junctional cleavage, ...

This case presentation demonstrates the importance of recognizing that patients can have both character pathology and affective disorders, shows the need to assess the impact of one illness upon the other, demonstrates the importance of having both medical and psychological viewpoints in attempting to manage such patients, and shows the ...

To clarify the significance of the Lewy body (LB) in Alzheimer disease (AD), we determined the incidence and distribution of LB in 150 cases of AD and 75 controls. We also examined the pathological changes in the substantia nigra and quantified neocortical alterations, including the density of neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary ...

The gross and microscopic pathology of alkaptonuric ochronosis is presented from a study of pathologic specimens from six cases in our files and from a review of the literature. Emphasis is placed on the most clinically relevant organ systems involved by ochronosis: musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, genitourinary, eye, and skin. Recent electron ...

The pathological basis for dementia in Lewy body disease (LBD) remains controversial. While some investigators propose that cortical lesions are responsible, others favor a subcortical basis for this dementia. Brains from 35 patients with LBD (11 demented with diffuse LBD; 12 demented and 12 non-demented with a brainstem type of ...

Benign osteitis of the external auditory canal is a distinct clinical entity characterized by localized ulceration in the skin of the floor of the bony external auditory meatus with underlying osteitis and sequestration of the underlying tympanic bone. Consideration of clinical and pathological data suggests that continued self-inflicted minor trauma ...

A rhinolith is an object that has become lodged in the nose and has slowly calcified. It is seen on dental radiographs as a radiopaque object in the nasal fossa and may be confused with several pathologic entities that call for more invasive surgical procedures. A history of unilateral nasal ...

Two cases are reported in which visual hallucinations occurred in elderly patients after the development of senile macular degeneration, a condition that causes gradual loss of visual acuity with preservation of peripheral vision. The hallucinatory experiences are interpreted as delusional explanations for pathologically altered vision, rather than as psychological or ...

The coexistence of an acoustic neuroma with otosclerosis can prove to be a great diagnostic dilemma. In such cases, the diagnosis of acoustic neuroma is usually delayed while more common causes of sensorineural hearing loss associated with otosclerosis or its surgery are considered. Any asymmetric progression of a sensorineural loss ...

A series of 655 elective cricothyroidotomies presented by Brantigan and Grow in 1975 has fueled a recent explosion in the number of cricothyroidotomies being performed for elective tracheal access. This article reviews Jackson's classic 1921 paper on cricothyroidotomy, Brantigan and Grow's series, seven recent clinical series of elective cricothyroidotomies, and ...

The clinical symptoms and neuropathological findings of three patients suffering from akinetic mutism were summarized. The patients showed almost absolute mutism and immobility and were unable to communicate in any way. The neurological signs varied from case to case. The pathological features common to all of the cases were bilateral ...

To evaluate pathologic features of myocardial infarction of the right ventricle (MI-RV), we analyzed 106 autopsy cases with transmural myocardial infarction (MI) (fresh in 46 cases and healed in 60). Anterior MI was observed in 47, posterior MI in 54 and lateral in 5. There were 13 cases (12%) with ...

The clinical and pathological features of four cases of endometrial decidual reaction in postmenopausal women are described. There was no evident exogenous or endogenous source of progesterone excess in any of the patients. The pathological findings, including bulky polypoid tissue, necrosis, cellular pleomorphism, signet-ring-like decidual cells, and glandular atypia, raised ...

We present clinical, electrophysiologic and morphologic correlations of a patient with a permanent form of junctional reciprocating tachycardia, who died from a lung tumor. At electrophysiologic study, the tachycardia circuit was suspected to involve an atrio-Hisian accessory pathway antegradely and the AV node retrogradely; a ventriculo-atrial accessory pathway was excluded. ...

A patient is described with acquired hypertrichosis lanuginosa associated with malignancy; the case history and pathologic findings are described. The literature, consisting of 35 cases, is analyzed in respect to the hormonal and pathologic findings, and the age and sex of the patients. No definite hormonal cause is as yet ...

Two cases are reported of syrinx associated with an intramedullary metastasis. The first presented with hyperaesthesia in the right arm and bilateral pyramidal leg weakness, the second with a partial right sided Brown Sequard syndrome with a sensory level at D6. A possible pathological mechanism for the development of such ...

The clinical and pathological features of nine cases of granulomatous mastitis were compared with those of 10 cases of duct ectasia/periductal mastitis (DE/PM), all of which were associated with active granulomatous inflammation. Granulomatous mastitis affects a younger age group, and although there is some overlap with DE/PM, it has distinctive ...

The etiology of Folie à Deux remains a controversial topic; the relationship between the psychopathology exhibited by the dominant partner and that shown by the submissive one being particularly unclear. Modern etiological theories attempt to reduce the phenomena of Folie à Deux to a procrustean mould, emphasizing in particular the ...

In summary, there is a wide range of pathologic alterations in pemphigoid lesions. Frequently, the pathologist is confident of the diagnosis on light microscopy alone. There are sufficiently similar findings in other conditions, however, to justify direct or indirect immunofluorescence or both in every case. This is particularly true as ...

Rhinosporidiosis is reviewed, and the first autochthonous case in Spain is presented (site: in the nasal cavity of a 19-year-old male from a rural background). Diagnosis was established morphologically after eliminating the possibilities of Cryptococcus neoformans, Coccidioides immitis, and Chrysosporium crescens. Clinico-pathological features are described. Preparations were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, ...

In studying macroglossia, no one has described normal tongue size or applied direct measurement to the pathologically enlarged tongue. Since macroglossia is primarily a condition that requires treatment on a symptomatic basis, definition of the problem in clinical terms is the most useful form for the practitioner. Based on published ...

The authors describe three pathological entities affecting the apophysis of the ischial tuberosity observed in young athletes. Acute and chronic apophyseolysis and osteochondrosis are studied separately in terms of their clinical characteristics, radiographic aspects, and treatment. A rare case of bilateral apophyseolysis is also reported. Unless correctly diagnosed and treated, ...

A case report is presented in which there was a pathological grief reaction of 25 years duration that was not identified during many psychiatric hospitalizations. The case illustrates some of the situational and personality factors that can contribute to the failure to resolve grief, theoretically for an indefinite period of ...

The results of panoramic diagnostic microhysteroscopy are reported in 284 patients with sterility or infertility problems. In 33.5% of the patients, microhysteroscopy revealed uterine pathology; in the majority of cases they were pathologies which are unanimously recognized as being causes of sterility, while in others there were pathologies whose role ...

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical and pathological value of reports resulting from review of all completed surgical pathology cases submitted to the Army Histopathology Registry (AHR). All histopathological cases completed in the British Army are sent to the AHR for archiving; prior to placing cases ...

Eosinophilic granuloma of bone as a component of the syndrome histiocytosis X is discussed with respect to clinical, pathologic, and radiologic diagnostic biases and discrepancies employing illustrative case material. The subject is reviewed in historical perspective selectively, with emphasis on those features that may serve as a valuable resource in ...

Four cases of focal sparing in otherwise diffuse fatty infiltration of the liver are reported. The characteristic features are described as shown at sonography, computed tomography (CT) and scintigraphy. It is emphasised that, with ultrasound, if the increased echogenicity of the majority of the liver is not appreciated, then the ...

We have recently encountered a patient with progressive dementia and parkinsonism beginning at the age of 68 years and developing for 2 years. Pathological examination revealed severe degeneration exclusively in the substantia nigra with absence of Lewy bodies and neurofibrillary changes. The features of this case are reported and discussed.

This report details the case of an 11-year-old girl with gliosarcoma and her rapid demise after a brief asymptomatic postcraniotomy period. The discussion that follows is a collective review of the several aspects illustrated by the case history. Special attention is directed toward the pathological features of this histological variant ...