Over a period of ten years (1983-1992), 134 malaria cases admitted to University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur (UHKL) were analysed. Malays constituted 27.6%, Chinese 29.8%, Indians 9.7%, Indonesians 16.4% and other foreigners 16.4%. Therefore, of the total number of cases, foreigners constituted 32.8% (44) of all the malaria cases admitted to ...

Tuberculosis affecting the pancreas is rare. Its occurrence may pose a diagnostic problem in differentiating it from carcinoma of the pancreas. Two cases of tuberculosis affecting the pancreas are reported, illustrating the value of fine needle aspiration in such a situation. The response of the disease to antituberculous drugs was ...

Ulnar neurolysis in 279 cases of leprosy was performed with objectives of relief in neuritic pain and impending/ existing sensory motor loss of varying extent. Of the above, 193 could be followed between 3-10 years. Neuritic pain was first to disappear. 48.7% of the 193 cases showed sensory recovery. Motor ...

Recurrence of kala-azar after post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) has remained uncommon. We report here two patients with recurrence of kala-azar (KA) after development of PKDL. In one case the second attack of KA was preceded by repeated attacks of malaria and tuberculosis, and in the other the recurrence of ...

The objective was to detect nucleic acids of M. leprae in skin lesions of leprosy patients and study the effect of treatment on these nucleic acids, using r-RNA gene probes, using a cross sectional study. The study was carried out at Department of Paediatrics, S.N. Medical College, Agra and Department ...

BACKGROUND: The transmission of malaria has increased in recent years in many countries where it was once eradicated or under control, and malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the developing world. Imported cases of malaria have been increasing in New York City and throughout the United ...

During Operation Assured Response in Liberia and Sierra Leone, between May and July 1996, five confirmed cases of falciparum malaria occurred in U.S. Navy personnel. The threat of malaria in west central Africa was recognized from the outset, and preventive medicine guidance was given to all the units participating in ...

The interannual variation in malaria cases in Colombia between 1960 and 1992 shows a close association with a periodic climatic phenomenon known as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Compared with other years, malaria cases increased by 17.3% during a Niño year and by 35.1% in the post-Niño year. The annual ...

Malaria is caused by infection with one of four species of Plasmodium (i.e., P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae ), which are transmitted by the bite of an infective female Anopheles sp. mosquito. Most malarial infections in the United States occur in persons who have traveled to ...

Tuberculoma of the cheek in the absence of tuberculosis elsewhere in the body is rarely seen and hence rarely thought of as a differential diagnosis when such a patient presents. In the following case, the patient was provisionally diagnosed as carcinoma of the cheek because of the exophytic nature of ...

SETTING: Laboratories performing sputum smear microscopy for tuberculosis in Benin, Malawi, Nicaragua and Senegal. METHODS: Analysis of computerized laboratory registers to ascertain workload, yield from serial smear examination, and demographic characteristics of examinees. RESULTS: Data from more than 60,000 examinees in 42 laboratories showed that the average number of smears ...

From the computerized pathology record, three cases of anal and perianal tuberculosis were encountered in the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong during the last 10 years. The clinical history, examination findings and relevant investigations were reviewed retrospectively. Comparison was made with previous literature. Emphasis was put on the diversity ...

Tuberculosis (TB) control was introduced into part of the Danish Bangladesh Leprosy Mission's large leprosy control programme in 1994. This was in line with the Government's policy of combining leprosy and TB control. We report our experience with integration. Leprosy case-finding has increased during the period, and staff satisfaction and ...

We report a patient with Plasmodium vivax malaria that was acquired in Cairns in October 1996. Rather than being "introduced" (i.e., derived from an imported case), we believe this is likely to have been a case of "airport malaria" (i.e., acquired from an infected mosquito imported in an aircraft). It ...

OBJECTIVE: To study screening outcomes among a group of Tibetan immigrants at high risk for developing active tuberculosis (TB) after arrival in Minnesota. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 191 Tibetan immigrants undergoing medical screening. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Occurrence and treatment outcomes of active TB. SETTING: A health ...

During 1992-1994, 33 malaria cases were reported in two regions in Brazil where few sporadic atypical cases occur, most of them in home owners, who are weekenders, while home caretakers live there permanently. Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT), with Plasmodium vivax, and Enzime Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with repeat peptides ...

A rare case of vulvovaginal tuberculosis is reported. A 76-year-old woman presented with a painful ulcer at the posterior fourchette and lower vagina for 6 weeks. Direct biopsy for histologic examination revealed mycobacterial infection. Anti-tuberculosis treatment was effective for this patient. We suggest prompt biopsies for suspicious vulvar or vaginal ...

The city of Mangalore in South India was having increasing number of malaria cases from 1990. Concerned over the import of cases through migrant construction workers, a screening was done among them using clinical and parasitological methods. This demonstrated 6.28% slide positivity rate with statistically insignificant difference in prevalence of ...

Malaria in Morong, Bataan, The Philippines, a municipality with relatively low level, but stable malaria is associated with small foci of relatively high endemicity. Although there is little association between age and symptomatic malaria, there is a reservoir of asymptomatic cases which are present throughout the year. Risk analysis suggests ...

Four patients admitted to the Hacettepe University Department of Pediatric Surgery between 1987 and 1995, two with Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) lymphadenitis and two with multisystem postvaccination tuberculosis (MPT), are presented. The hospital records and records of the Ministery of Health Tuberculosis Control Department were evaluated to determine the complications of ...

OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiology of foreign-born tuberculosis (TB) cases in Los Angeles County and to evaluate current TB screening and follow-up of immigrants and refugees (I&R) to the USA. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of the Los Angeles County TB registry between October 1992 and December 1994. We matched all cases ...

Malaria surveillance has been maintained in the United States since indigenous transmission was interrupted in the late 1940s. Most reported cases in this country are acquired during international travel or occur among persons who resided in malaria-endemic countries. During 1993-1994, the number of reported cases increased in Kentucky and Maryland. ...

Two cases of cerebral malaria imported from Guyana and Ghana are reported. These are the first cases of cerebral malaria diagnosed and treated in Trinidad and Tobago since malaria was eradicated. The management of both these cases was complicated because the patients' erythrocytes were glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient, and by the occurrence ...

Consensus-based recommendations have been developed by a Working Group of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Region of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) on uniform reporting of tuberculosis surveillance data in the countries of Europe. A uniform case definition and a minimum set of ...

Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) is diagnosed when a visually impaired patient without any mental disorder develops visual hallucinations. A survey of patients in a National Leprosarium revealed that the point prevalence of CBS in leprosy was 0.4%. This prevalence appears to be high, as few cases with CBS have been ...

Twenty-two cases (nineteen Plasmodium falciparum and three P. vivax) of severe malaria among 200 pregnant women from District Jabalpur, M.P. were studied for malaria parasite density. Almost all of them were found anaemic. The patients were treated with quinine/chloroquine intravenously but seventeen Pf cases died within 96 h of admission ...

Completeness of tuberculosis case reporting in Puerto Rico was assessed. Cases diagnosed among hospitalized, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus clinic patients during 1992 were retrospectively reviewed. Hospital discharge diagnoses, pharmacy listings of patients receiving anti-tuberculous medications, laboratory and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome registry data were used for case finding in selected ...

Henan Province, which once had the highest malaria prevalence in China, had only 318 reported cases in 1992. Our purpose was to investigate this late 'consolidation phase' of malaria control in Henan with reference to malaria surveillance. We conducted a questionnaire survey of village doctors in Shang Shi Qiao Township ...

Sixteen cases of tuberculosis of the knee treated by total knee arthroplasty with followup of 3.4 to 11 years were reviewed. Eight cases were treated with antituberculous chemotherapy for 2 to 20 months before and 1 year after the arthroplasty. Another 8 cases were not diagnosed primarily and therefore received ...

Since its introduction in 1952, isoniazid has remained one of the drugs of choice in the treatment and prophylaxis of tuberculosis. In populations with a high prevalence rate of tuberculosis or suicide rate, acute ingestion of isoniazid has occasionally been reported. Acute intoxication by isoniazid is known to cause symptoms ...

The literature relating to feline mycobacterial disease is reviewed and 19 cats with tuberculosis caused by a previously unknown strain of mycobacterium are discussed. The bacteria were found to have characteristics between those of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M bovis. The paper considers the clinical signs, epidemiology and diagnosis of the ...

A case of unusual crusted (Norwegian) scabies involving the entire skin of a 26 year old Brazilian patient with lepromatous leprosy is reported. The more prominent histopathological findings were acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and crusting with many mites of Sarcoptes scabiei. In the dermis, numerous foamy histiocytes filled with abundant acid-fast bacilli ...

This report describes one of the few remaining foci of endemic malaria on the island of Java, the Kokap subdistrict, near the Southcentral coast. Kokap was hypoendemic in June 1994 with prevalence of parasitemia at 0.98% (n = 10,606 of 40,246 residents). Plasmodium vivax comprised 63% of infections and P. ...

More than a dozen years ago, case rates of tuberculosis (TB) began to increase in the United States, as well as in other industrialized and Third World countries. Our US urban centers were the epicenter of the "new" TB epidemic, with New York City accounting for more than 15% of ...

This paper report the progress and impact of MDT implementation to leprosy control in Thailand since 1984 until 1994. By ten years of MDT implementation, number of registered cases dropped from 44,406 in 1984 to only 4,878 cases in 1994. Which made prevalence rate declined 90% from 8.8 to 0.83 ...

Malaria is caused by one of four species of Plasmodium (i.e., P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, or P. malariae) and is transmitted by the bite of an infective female Anopheles sp. mosquito. Most malaria cases in the United States occur among persons who have traveled to areas that have ...

BACKGROUND: An increase in the incidence of tuberculosis in industrialized nations has prompted a need for earlier diagnosis, treatment, and isolation of disease. An associated rise in the number of patients with central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS TB) has forced neurosurgical services to reevaluate the indications for operative intervention. METHODS: ...

Gandhi Memorial Leprosy Foundation started its leprosy control work around Sevagram village in Wardha District (State of Maharashtra) in 1952. Long-term followup records of families of twenty-seven villages in this area were analyzed to assess the leprosy profile. In this paper, the data on household contacts followed from 1952 to ...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate community-based directly observed therapy (DOT) for tuberculosis (TB) control. DESIGN: Ecological study. METHODS: Three comparisons were made in this descriptive study. (1) An 11-year retrospective comparison of TB case rates, sputum conversion rates (SCRs), rates of therapy completion, and confounding factors (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS], immigration, unemployment, ...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to find out if bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) would be better than gastric lavage for the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from pediatric patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. DESIGN: 50 children with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis at a mean age of 5.1 years (range 7 months ...

The intent of this review was to familiarize the reader with the fascinating history of TB. I quote from Robert Louis Stevenson: "It is not a hard thing to know what to write; the hard thing is to know what to leave out." Also, this review by its very nature ...

A detailed clinical, bacteriological and histopathological study of 1373 patients of leprosy who sought medical advice at the Department of Skin, STD and Leprosy of Dr. Sampurnanand Medical College, Jodhpur, during 1975-1993 is reported. The disease was observed in 1.54 patients per 1000 cases attending in the skin department out-patients. ...

Tuberculoma is a rare but known complication of tuberculosis. It rarely occurs in the mastoid bone. When it occurs in the middle ear cleft, it can lead to intracranial complications if there is a delay in the diagnosis and management. A rare case of tuberculosis of the middle ear cleft ...

Since 1987, up to 2.42 million bednets owned by rural householders in over 40 counties in seven prefectures of Sichuan Province, China, have been sprayed annually with deltamethrin at a dose of about 10 mg/m2. Data for the years 1987-89 indicate that there were marked reductions in the biting populations ...

An unusual case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis of the left lower limb in a 65-year-old woman is reported. The disease, arising on the plantar aspect of the foot in 1950, was correctly diagnosed by culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from a skin biopsy only in 1993. A spectacular improvement of ...

A case of tuberculous epididymitis which presented as an acute hydrocele is reported and the relevant literature reviewed. The patient had undergone contralateral orchidectomy 20 years previously for the same condition associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. The most recent episode followed unrelated illness; the diagnosis was confirmed after surgical intervention and ...

A total of 1,629 cases of malaria were reported in the United Kingdom in 1992, and 1,922 cases in 1993, fewer than the peak of 2,332 reached in 1991. Of the 3,551 cases of malaria reported during 1992 and 1993, 74 were reported from Scotland, 45 from Wales, and 13 ...

The aim of this paper is to assess trends in tuberculosis morbidity and mortality in the countries of Eastern Europe and the former USSR. Data on morbidity and mortality were obtained from reports of the Ministries of Health, a 1992 WHO questionnaire, national tuberculosis associations, and other sources. The quality ...

There are only scattered case reports of intracranial tuberculosis in industrialized nations; brainstem tuberculoma is even more unusual, accounting for 2.5% to 8% of all intracranial tuberculoma. In developing nations, however, central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) is not rare and intracranial tuberculoma may account for 5% to 30% of all ...

The epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed, active leprosy cases (incidence, N = 16 Greeks and 4 expatriates) and relapsed cases (recurrences, N = 25, all Greeks) were studied. Most of the cases were multibacillary, over 50% being lepromatous. The relapses were analyzed by sex, disease duration and residence (rural or ...