Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an immune disorder of the gastrointestinal tract which has been reported to be precipitated by interferon (IFN) therapy. We describe the results of a literature review of cases in which the development or exacerbation of UC was coincident with IFN and/or ribavirin (RIB) treatment for chronic ...

Interferons alpha and beta have been used worldwide for a few decades, altering the natural history of several severe diseases including hepatitis C, cancer and immune-mediated conditions such as multiple sclerosis. The adverse events profile of interferons is well established, but only isolated reports of ophthalmological complications of interferon therapy ...

Eyelid margin papillomas are challenging because complete excision may be cosmetically unacceptable. Interferon has been previously reported as an effective treatment for conjunctival papillomas. We report successful treatment of a large upper eyelid margin papilloma with intralesional interferon.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of an unknown origin and it is characterized by the presence of noncaseating epitheloid cell granulomas in multiple organs. Herein we report on a case of cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoidosis that was associated with interferon alpha treatment for hepatitis C. A 39-year-old man, a ...

The most effective resuscitative procedure in choking by foreign bodies is the Heimlich maneuver, described for the first time by Henry Heimlich (1974) and recognized by the US Surgeon General (1985) as the "only method that should be used for the treatment of choking from foreign body airway obstruction." If ...

Compared with flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon injury, the isolated rupture of flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendon in a finger is a rare report in the literature. The pathogenesis is still unclear if we consider only tendon rupture without congenital anomalies or other diseases. The diagnosis is clinical, but it ...

Few cases of spontaneous rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon have been reported in the literature. We report a case of a 66-year-old male with a spontaneous rupture of his left tibialis anterior tendon, with a delayed presentation of approximately 3 months. At the time of reconstruction there was marked ...

Triggering in association with movements of the wrist or "true trigger wrist" due to the extensor tendon is rare. There are only few case reports in literature, but none were associated with the acute partial tendon rupture. We present a case of true trigger wrist originating from partial rupture of ...

Babesiosis is caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Babesia. In the United States, the usual infective organism Babesia microti, is most commonly transmitted through the bite of an infected Ixodestick. While the majority of patients exhibit sub-clinical signs and symptoms, significant illness can result. Spontaneous splenic rupture is ...

Abstract Pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysms (PDAAs) are uncommon. The treatment and prognosis for ruptured PDAAs have changed in recent years. A demonstrative case is reported. A review of the literature has been made and the case of a healthy man operated on an emergency basis because of a massive hemoperitoneum secondary ...

We report the case of a 65-year-old woman who was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin and suffered spontaneous rupture of an ovarian cystadenocarcinoma. We present the computed tomography findings and make a review of the literature. Spontaneous hemoperitoneum is an infrequent complication of ovarian neoplasms and, to the best of our ...

Splenosis describes ectopic splenic tissue found in patients after rupture of the spleen. These implants are commonly located on the omentum but can be scattered throughout the body in varying number and size. Although splenosis was first documented over a century ago, the precise mechanism for its development remains unknown. ...

Spontaneous intratesticular hemorrhage is an extremely rare entity with few prior reports in the literature. Although intratesticular hemorrhage in the setting of trauma or malignancy is common, spontaneous intratesticular hemorrhage has no identifiable risk factors. The sonographic appearance of spontaneous intratesticular hemorrhage poses a diagnostic dilemma because of its similarity ...

Varicose vein rupture is a rare cause of death, although varicosities are a common pathology. We present three cases of sudden death due to varicose vein rupture. After a review of the literature, the case circumstances and the findings of imaging examination, performed in two cases, are presented. One of ...

Case report. We present a case of myositis ossificans (MO) of the upper cervical spine in a young child. The literature is reviewed with the classification, etiology, and treatment of MO discussed. Calcification of joint capsule, muscle, cartilage, and ligaments is a well-known phenomenon and is known as myositis ossificans. ...

Asymptomatic retraction of intrauterine device (IUD) threads into the cervical canal or uterine cavity is a common complication. We present the rare case of a 44-year-old woman with the threads protruding through an opening in the anterior cervical lip about 1 cm above the external cervical os. Despite this presentation, her ...

Intraosseous schwannomas (IOS) of non-sacral vertebra are extremely rare; only 14 cases were reported previously. We described a case of IOS involving a cervical vertebral body, successfully treated by surgical resection, with a review of the literature and discussion of this extremely rare tumour.

Extracapsular extension (ECE) of disease from cervical lymph nodes (LNs) is an important prognostic factor for head and neck cancers; moreover, the presence of ECE has been shown to be a criterion for the addition of chemotherapy to postoperative radiation. We reviewed the frequency of ECE in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, ...

Abnormalities of the posterior arch, including congenitally absent cervical pedicle and cervical spondylolysis, are rare entities that are usually found incidentally on neck radiographs. It is important to recognize these characteristic radiological features because their radiographic appearance may cause them to be confused with more serious entities such as fractures, ...

Biliary cystadenoma is a rare cystic tumor of the middle aged woman that usually arises in the liver or occasionally in the extrahepatic bile ducts. It has a strong potential for recurrence and for malignant transformation. The lack of specific clinical and biological features hinders diagnosis before surgery. The spontaneous ...

A rare case of a 44-year-old Chinese male with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and simultaneous ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) at T1-2 causing thoracic myelopathy is reported herein. Posterior decompression without extirpating the OPLL was performed at T1-2. Postoperatively, symptoms ...

Occiput-C1 and C1-C2 dissociations and dislocations have been well documented in the literature. However, after thorough review of the literature, we found very little in the literature regarding combined occiput-C1 and C1-C2 dissociations in adults who survived. We present 2 case reports describing the clinical presentation, initial management, operative treatment, ...

Cervical endometriosis is uncommon and usually an incidental or retrospective finding on histopathology reports. It can be asymptomatic or present with a diverse range of persistent symptoms and even life-threatening hemorrhage. The condition can be managed expectantly in asymptomatic patients, however persistent symptoms may warrant surgery. We encountered four cases ...

Although cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections are used in the treatment of radicular pain, there are a number of major and minor complications reported in the medical literature. These complications are limited to retrospective studies, retrospective survey studies, case reports, and data obtained from studies evaluating the benefit of cervical ...

Cervical spondylolysis is an uncommon disorder involving a cleft at the pars interarticularis. It is most often found at the C-6 level, and clinical presentations have included incidental radiographic findings, neck pain, and rarely neurological compromise. Although subaxial cervical spondylolysis has been described in 150 patients, defects at the C-2 ...

Forestier disease, a cervical anterior form of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is electively diagnosed in the elderly population. ENT symptoms are likely prevalent (dysphagia, and less frequently dysphonia, dyspnea, etc.), but diagnosis and the relation between symptoms and anterior longitudinal ligament ossification can be difficult to demonstrate. Starting from ...

An anterior cervical decompression and fusion operation was complicated by extensive bleeding from the disc space. Histopathological evaluation of the resected specimen revealed the diagnosis as the very first reported case of capillary hemangioma in intervertebral disc space. Retrospective review of the preoperative MRI demonstrated supporting findings of a capillary ...

Cat scratch disease, caused by Bartonella henselae, is a worldwide zoonosis that is most frequently associated with the bite or scratch of a kitten under 6 months of age, as well as from a fleabite. Toxoplsma gondii is also another important zoonotic agent in cats and humans, which is mainly ...

STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a 19-year-old boy with intervertebral disc calcification (IDC) at C7-T1, who presented with paresis and aconuresis. Surgical outcome was assessed. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: IDC, commonly seen in the cervical spine region in children, is well-known as a self-limiting disorder ...

Primary Ewing's sarcoma of the cervical vertebra is extremely rare. However, it is very important for radiologists to be aware of it to be able to provide timely diagnosis and therefore orient the treatment planning of the disease. The purpose of this study is to describe the imaging features of ...

STUDY DESIGN: A case report and review of previous literature are presented. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this manuscript was to report a case of cervical myelopathy caused by invaginated anomalous laminae of the axis in a spina bifida occulta patient with hypoplasia of the arch of the atlas and to ...

STUDY DESIGN: Case report and literature review. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the diagnosis, limitations, and treatment of combined occipital-cervical and atlantoaxial disassociation with normal neurologic function. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Injuries to the craniocervical junction can lead to devastating neurologic deficits. Occipital-cervical disassociation is a well-documented injury pattern that can lead ...

AIM: The aim of this study was to describe the imaging features of multilevel brucellar spondylitis and discuss the diagnostic challenges CASE: The authors report describes one case of noncontiguous synchronous multifocal involvement of thoracic and lumbar spine. RESULTS: Brucellosis is a zoonosis of worldwide distribution, relatively frequent in Mediterranean ...

STUDY DESIGN: Case report and review of the literature. OBJECTIVE: To report a patient presenting with Brown-Sequard syndrome due to cervical intradural disc herniation after spinal manipulation therapy. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) is often used by people with neck pain or discomfort as an alternative therapy ...

OBJECTIVE: The indications and operative technique for a number of posterolateral approaches to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) are reviewed. METHODS: The literature addressing posterolateral approaches to the CVJ is reviewed, and illustrative cases are presented. RESULTS: The far lateral approach and its variants, including the transcondylar, supracondylar, and paracondylar approaches, ...

An understanding of the regional anatomy and specific biomechanics of the craniovertebral junction is relevant to the specific diseases that affect the region as well as instrumentation of the occiput, atlas, and axis. This article reviews the bony, ligamentous, and vascular anatomy of the region, in relation to the posterior ...

STUDY DESIGN: This article presents a case of Paget's disease of the cervical spine. OBJECTIVES: To report a very rare case of Paget's disease of the cervical spine and review the literature. METHODS: We report a case of Paget's disease of the cervical spine in a 51-year-old male presenting with ...

STUDY DESIGN: A case report and review of the literature. OBJECTIVE: To describe an extremely rare case, development of lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous vertebroplasty complicated with intradiscal cement leakage. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Intradiscal cement leakages are frequently seen during vertebroplasty operations. They are generally asymptomatic. To the best ...

STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of cervical myelopathy due to simultaneous anomalies at the level of atlas involving hypoplasia of the posterior arch of the atlas, partial ossification of the transverse atlantal ligament, and hypertrophy of the dens. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Hypoplasia of the posterior ...

Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, has been recognized as a human and zoonotic pathogen for almost 100 years. The increasing number of tularemia outbreaks in regions of Europe outside the classic endemic areas in recent years has prompted renewed interest in this rare infectious disease. We report on ...

STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVES: To describe a rare case of cervical spondylolysis with an adjacent secondary dysplastic change, and to review the current literature regarding cervical spondylolysis. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Three patients presented with minor trauma history and radiographical C6 level spondylolysis. METHODS: Cervical spines were analyzed with ...

INTRODUCTION: The majority of chordomas occur between the fifth and seventh decades of life and are thus extremely rare in children, which account for less than 5% of all spinal chordoma cases. CASE REPORT: We report on the development of this rare condition in two boys aged 7 and 10 ...

Hepatobiliary cystadenomas are rare cystic neoplasms that often occur in middle age women, and spontaneous rupture is extremely rare. The exact etiology of these tumors is unknown. Diagnosis is often delayed, while misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment may result in unfavorable outcome. We report a case of hepatobiliary serous cystadenoma with ...

STUDY DESIGN.: Case report and literature review. OBJECTIVES.: To report the very rare case of a mature intramedullary teratoma with exophytic extension localized to the uppermost cervical spinal level in a 65-year-old woman and review the pertinent medical literature. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA.: Cervical intramedullary teratomas are extremely rare in ...

OBJECTIVE: Ectopic cervical thymus is a rare anomaly, and 50 per cent of cases occur in children. The aim of this report was to remind clinicians of this rare condition, which is part of the differential diagnosis of a paediatric neck lump. METHOD: Case report together with literature review of ...

STUDY DESIGN: A case report of a young male suffering progressive neurologic dysfunction associated with a previously unreported combination of structural bony abnormalities. A review of the literature is also presented. OBJECTIVE: To describe a unique presentation of cervical myelopathy related to posterior deficiencies of the atlas and axis, and ...

Very infrequently, unusual microbial organisms are encountered in routine cervical Pap tests. We herein report two such cases in two asymptomatic women. Case 1. A Pap smear of a 16-year-old-female showed rare glandular cells with cytologic features consistent with Cytomegalovirus infection. Case 2. A Pap smear of a 36-year-old female ...

Unusually prolonged pressure on the scalp by the cervical os during or before the delivery may result in a distinctive pattern of annular alopecia that has been referred to as halo scalp ring. This rare form of hair loss is most commonly a temporary, non-scarring process that is attributed to ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential significance of atypical bare nuclei in ThinPrep (TP) technique (Cytyc Corp., Boxborough, Massachusetts, U.S.A.), liquid-based cervical cytology and their possible association with certain epithelial abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN: Four thousand seven hundred thirty-six TP cervical smears were reviewed over a period of 13 months. Cases in ...

Hematoma of the cervical ligamentum flavum is very rare, and its pathogenesis is unknown. We describe a case of ligamentum flavum hematoma in the cervical spine causing severe myelopathy. Postoperative histological examination suggested it was the result of the rupture of a hemangioma or of an arteriovenous malformation in the ...